week 7

Question 1

Cycle of a walkable society / street life:

Answer 1

Homes → street life ←→ Business ←→ homes

Transit connects to all these elements

Question 2

Katie road

Answer 2

• Wide open
• Could get anywhere quickly
• By 1970s it was full of traffic
• 26 lanes wide

Question 3

why did katie road Induced demand

Answer 3

Wider roads
Dispersed Need homes
Dispersed jobs
More traffic

Question 4

Transport efficiency
Walkability

Answer 4

• Density and more people travelling in a given area
• Take up less space

Question 5

Car-dependence

Answer 5

Transportation efficiency
- Low density and less people travelling in a given area
- Takes very few cars to create congestion

Question 6

5 Technologies transformed cities forever - Invented 1880s(becss)

Answer 6

1. Bicycle
2. Electric street cars
3. Cars
4. Steel frame buildings
5. Safety elevators

Question 7

when did they make zoning legal

Answer 7

1909 - First meeting held for this issue

City planning and the problems of congestion

Question 8

why was The level of poverty was also an issue in main citys

Answer 8

So many people were living in such cramped conditions to live in a place with high job opportunities and not spending money on transit

Question 9

why Daniel turner criticised subways

Answer 9

• said there is going to be a cycle of congestion on both the subway and the streets
• Believed we need to spread the city out

Question 10

when were the first suburbs created

Answer 10

Early 1920s

Question 11

what did New York
inner - city zoning do (1916)

Answer 11

Separate classes from each other
Want industrial workers separate from consumers
Berkeley, First family zoning
Keep out low income people

Question 12

In the early 1900s, what did most transportational professional specialise in

Answer 12

Trains, transit workers

Question 13

What did planners hope transit would do for cities

Answer 13

Make it less dense
Made it become more dense

Question 14

2 reasons why planners didn’t like density

Answer 14

They thought it created poverty
Racism
Congestion

Question 15

2 ways subbers kept out poor people before zoning

Answer 15

Would set high unaffordable prices
Create reason ebay only

Question 16

The first city to adopt single family zoning

Answer 16

Berkeley

Question 16

what act did Herbert Hoover
create (PMA)

Answer 16

1928, created planning model act
- National conference on street and highway safety

Question 17

what Authority did Herbert Hoover create

Answer 17

Created the model municipal traffic ordinance

-Federal housing Authority (FHA)

Question 18

what did the Classification scheme do..

Answer 18

• Categorised whole neighbourhoods weather they think they would pay back their loans
• These places could not get any bank founding
  These neighbourhoods went into decline

Question 19

what were the FHA guidelines

Answer 19

They wanted roads that are more targeting toward driving VS walking

Question 20

What reason did it lead to exclusionary zoning being widely adopted ?

Answer 20

Model planning act gave cities the tool that would implant zoning with legal approval and could not be called rasist

Question 21

This classification scheme penalised which 2 things

Answer 21

Low income
Race

Question 22

Canadian version of FHA

Answer 22

CMHC (Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation)

Question 23

They were not selling enough cars

Answer 23

• They need to convince the gov to build more road
• Most successful act of lobbying

Question 24

where did the Erskine Bureau for Street traffic research occur

Answer 24

Harvard 1926

Question 25

what did Erskine Bureau for Street traffic research at Harvard teach

Answer 25

- They had people who worked from the car industry to influence and teach new engineers to make cities for cars - Created new experts If there's traffic wider roads - their ideas Municipal Engineers → Civil Engineers

Question 26

What is one reason auto sales slumped in 1920?

Answer 26

They called this the floor space problem.

Question 28

2 fundamental principles established by the 1927 model municipal traffic ordinance

Answer 28

Pedestrians were pushed out of the street to allow more cars Floor space, wider roads

Question 29

Hoovers “conference” shifted authority over traffic from

Answer 29

Municipal Engineers → Civil Engineers

Question 30

If downtown interests were so powerful in 1920 why didn't they fight policies that undermined downtowns?

Answer 30

- They thought they needed parking and highway - Misunderstood logic