Flashcards in Week 7 Deck (73)
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1
Telencephalon cerebral cortex limbic structures (5)
Cingulate gurus
Para-hippocampal gyrus
Enorhinal cortex
Prefrontal cortex (esp. sub-callosal gyrus)
Temporal cortex
2
Sub-cortical telencephalon Limbic areas (5)
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Septal nuclei
Nucleus accumbens
Caudate & ventral pallidum
3
Diencephalon limbic areas (3)
Hypothalamus
Anterior thalamus
Habenula
4
Mesencephalon limbic areas (4)
VTA
Central Gray
Raphe nucleus
PPT
5
Metencephalon limbic areas
Locus coeruleus
6
Limbic area pathway
Hippocampus-->mammillary bodies *via the fornix
Mammillary bodies-->anterior thalamus *via mammothalamic tract
Anterior thalamus-->cingulate gyrus
Cingulate gyrus-->parahippocampal gyrus
Parahippocampal gyrus--> entorhinal cortex
Entorhinal cortex-->hippocampus *via perforant pathway
7
Hypothalamus 4 roles
1. Monitor body functioning (survival). I.e. Glucose, insulin, CO2, etc.
2. Maintain homeostasis
3. Maintain hormonal environment by interacting with pituitary
4. Trigger sympathetic response
8
2 areas of hypothalamus
Medial area: contains most nuclei
Lateral area: has most fibers
9
4 divisions of medial area nuclei
1. Pre-optic area
2. Supra-optic area
3. Tibetan area
4. Mammillary bodies
10
Pre-optic area nuclei (2)
1. Medial pre-optic nuclei
2. Lateral pre-optic nuclei
11
Lateral pre-optic nuclei function
Contains osmoreceptors for fluid balance
12
Sexually dimorphic area of pre-optic area IN RATS
SDN larger in males than females
Medial pre-optic nucleus mediates masculine behavior
VMH mediated female sexual behavior
13
Supra-optic area nuclei (5)
1. Anterior hypothalamus
2. Suprachiasmatic nucleus
3. Supra-optic nucleus
4. PARAventricular nucleus
5. OVLT
14
Suprachiasmatic nucleus function
Receives direct projections from the retina
Involved in mediation of biological rhythms
15
Anterior hypothalamus studies on sexuality
INAH-3 nuclei smaller in homosexual men (died of AIDS)
-similar in size to heterosexual women
16
Supraoptic and PARAventricilar function
Project to posterior pituitary
-magnocellular neurons make oxytocin & vasopressin
-parvocellular neurons express releasing factors
17
Magnocellular neurons
Make oxytocin and vasopressin
18
Parvocellular neurons
Express releasing factors
19
Nuclei of tuberal area (4)
1. VMH
2. DMH
3. Arcruvate nuclei
4. PERIventricular nuclei
20
Infundibulum
Stalk that connects pituitary to hypothalamus (tuberal area)
21
Median eminence
Point of connection between hypothalamus and pituitary
22
VMH function
Food regulation
Lesions lead to obesity (overeating)
23
PERIventricular nucleus
Surrounds the ventrical
24
Mammillary body area nuclei (2)
1. Mammillary bodies
2. Posterior nuclei
25
Mammillary body and posterior nuclei functions
Both: autonomic functioning
Mammillary bodies: memory consolidation
Posterior nuclei: thermoregulation
26
Anterior pituitary function
Blood circulation
-release releasing factors into portal system
-provoke/inhibit hormone cells
27
Posterior pituitary function
Neural connections
Release hormones into circulation
28
Magnocellular neurons release oxytocin pattern
fire in phasic pattern
29
Magnocellular neurons release vasopressin and pattern
Fire in tonic pattern
30
