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Flashcards in Week 7: Psychopathology Deck (17)
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1
Q

What are the main features of psychopathology?

A

Deviant from the social, statistical and political norm
Impairing our ability to function (maladaptive and harmful)
Distressing both to the person and to those around them
Not explained as an immediate response to an event

2
Q

What was the first widely held explanation for pathology?

A

Demon posession

3
Q

Why did people believe that pathology was caused by demon posession?

A

It’s often accompanied by a change in personality which gave the impression the person inside had been replaced by a demon

4
Q

What were the early treatments for pathology

A

Exorcism
Animal blood transfusions
Trephination

5
Q

Who was the first person to argue that madness was an issue of the mind and not caused by demons?

A

Pinel

6
Q

What is the medical model?

A

The idea that mental illness has a physical cause

7
Q

What profession has the medical model of mental illness led to?

A

Psychitatry

8
Q

What were early treatments for the medical model?

A

Lobotomies

Shock therapy

9
Q

What are the weaknesses of the medical model?

A

Reductionist

Increases stigma

10
Q

What was the purpose of token economies in mental health hospitals?

A

They were used to encourage pro-social behaviour and had some sucess

11
Q

What biological explanations for pathology have been proposed?

A

Genetics
Neurotransmitters
Neurobiology (Brain regions)

12
Q

What are concordance studies?

A

By examining how pathology differs across family members, we can identify which elements are heritable

13
Q

What psychological models have been proposed to explain pathology

A

Psychodynamic
Humanistic
Behavioural
Cognitive

14
Q

According to the psychodynamic approach, what is the cause of pathology?

A

Conflict between the ego, superego and id

Defence mechanisms

15
Q

How is pathology treated in the humanistic approach?

A

Treated with client-centered therapy which aims to provide unconditional positive regard

16
Q

What is the current model for understanding pathoogy?

A

Diathesis stress

17
Q

What is the diathesis stress model?

A

It argues that predisposition interacts with stress to produce mental illness