Week 8: language acquisition Flashcards

Question

What is the social interactionist view of language acquisition?

Answer 1

Language acquisition is facilitated by social cues and interactions Children learn language in a social context There is feedback, its just implicit Child-directed speech

Answer 2

Infants use recurring patterns and sequences in language input to learn about categories and bits of language Helps you to segment the speech stream

Answer 3

Ask whether adult models are really that informative -we don't speak that badly There is socialization as well (children will learn more through interactions with others and putting the language into practice)

Answer 4

8-month-olds exposed to a 2-minute speech stream (non-sense syllable) - there were some regularities e.g. every time you hear duh, ca came after it Show novelty preference against these, showing they learned them as a 'word' in only 2 minutes

Answer 5

Their mothers voice

Answer 6

Speech in their mothers language and a foreign language They have heard enough of their mothers language to be able to recognize it As well as male and female voices

Answer 7

Where the infant learns to open and close their mouth while phonating - creates a string of consonant-vowel combinations - practising sounds as a precursor to speech It is rewarding for the baby, parents respond

Answer 8

Begins at 4 to 8 months

Answer 9

Yes they babble with their hands

Answer 10

They can actually tell the difference between babies babbling the language they speak vs. other languages

Answer 11

Noun (objects, names) Often a holophrase (an information loaded single word)

Answer 12

A sudden, rapid, acquisition of new words at around 18-20 months old

Answer 13

Learning to associate a word with concept after only a brief exposure (exposed once and they learn it)

Answer 14

``` Language directed as infants by adults and older children characterised by Slow rate Exaggerated intonation High frequency Repetitions Simple syntax Simple vocab ```

Answer 15

The high frequency and exaggerated intonation attracts attention and maintains interest The slow rate, simple syntax and repetitions make it easier to process and focus on most important words Simple vocab makes it easier to understand and connect

Answer 16

American infants get more verbal interaction from mothers and have better comprehension and better verbal and non-verbal reasoning by age 4 Chinese infants have limited verbal interaction from mothers but show educational success Kaluli and Samoan infants - parents and siblings do not tend to talk to them until they begin to crawl or walk but they learn to talk in the normal time frame

Answer 17

More language directed at them at home More stimulating interactions with parents This is because more interaction = more change to learn

Answer 18

Overextension/overgeneralisation (single word to label similar objects or events) Under extension (single word in a highly restricted way) Mismatch (word mapped onto the wrong concept)

Answer 19

1. Whole-of-object bias: assume it is the word for the whole thing 2. Mutual exclusivity bias: the new word must be the thing that you don’t already know 3. Contextual cues: eg. We saw the baboons at the zoo (must be an animal and must be more than one as is a plural)

Answer 20

A U shaped curve Often begins correctly Is then over regulated (feets, eated) Then corrected

Answer 21

Self directed

Answer 22

More socially oriented and directed to others

Answer 23

Experiencing written language

Answer 24

Substituting one set of words for another