Week 9 Flashcards
1
Q
are mental health conditions part of typical aging?
A
no
2
Q
name 2 of the more common mental health conditions affecting older adults.
A
- depressive symptoms
- anxiety
3
Q
the number of seniors who receive counseling or therapy is __.
A
low
4
Q
name 7 risk factors for suicide among older adults.
A
- depression
- physical illness
- single or widowed
- recent death of a loved one
- drug or alcohol abuse
- terminal abuse
- previous attempts
5
Q
suicide is most common among which group?
A
men 75 and older
6
Q
describe the relationship btwn depressive symptoms and occupation.
A
- loss of independence in ADL/IADLs can result in depressive symptoms
- depressive symptoms can have a negative impact on ADL/IADLs.
7
Q
____ is very common in early and middle stages of dementia.
A
depression
8
Q
name 3 screenings for depressive symptoms.
A
- center for epidemiological studies depression scale (CES-D)
- geriatric depression scale (GDS)
- patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9)
9
Q
developed using criteria from DSM. assesses presence and severity of depression. has been used effectively with adults and older adults in home care, acute and primary care.
A
patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9)
10
Q
which screenings for depressive symptoms are designed to be used for adults and which are used for older adults?
A
adults = center for epidemiological studies depression scale (CES-D)
older adults = geriatric depression scale (GDS)
11
Q
antidepressants have only modest effects for which two groups?
A
- those with late life onset of depression
- those with minor depression
12
Q
name 5 OT interventions for depressive symptoms.
A
- cognitive behavioral strategies (ex: implemented in the context of short-term rehab.)
- lifestyle redesign
- reminiscence
- life review - one to one or workshop (group intervention)
- physical activity
13
Q
- 8-week program, 1x/week
- intervention manual
- shared expectations and confidentiality
- chronological decade by decade review of life experiences. includes an integrative component at the end.
- includes writing tips, writing prompts, timed writing exercises, encouragements to write between sessions, opportunity to read work aloud and receive positive feedback on writing technique
- research evidence
- statistical vs. clinical significance
A
“share your life story” life review writing workshop
14
Q
t/f - anxiety often co-exists with depression.
A
true
15
Q
what is the most common anxiety disorder among older adults?
A
generalized anxiety disorder
16
Q
anxiety can often be masked by ___ ___.
A
physical symptoms
17
Q
name 3 screening tools for anxiety.
A
- generalized anxiety disorder-7 item scale (GAD-7)
- generalized anxiety inventory (GAI)
- geriatric anxiety inventory-short form (GAI-SF)
18
Q
-tool for screening for generalized anxiety and assessing severity
A
generalized anxiety disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7)
19
Q
the generalized anxiety disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) asks about what duration of time for anxiety symptoms?
A
last 2 weeks
20
Q
name 2 effective interventions for anxiety in older adults.
A
- cognitive behavioral strategies
- relaxation training
21
Q
name 3 forms of relaxation training.
A
- progressive muscle relaxation
- use of imagery
- breathing exercises
22
Q
name 4 additional strategies for managing anxiety.
A
- encourage client to seek social support
- help client to identify precipitants of anxiety
- encourage positive self-talk
- explain all activities, use calm, slow speech. avoid excessive reassurance.
23
Q
- persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions
- perceived need to save items and distress associated with discarding them
- accumulation of possessions that clutter active living areas and compromise their intended use
- causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social or occupational function
- not attributed to another medical condition or disorder
A
hoarding disorder (HD)
24
Q
T/F - HD is co-morbid with other health conditions.
A
true
25
t/f - stressful life events and childhood adversity are significantly associated with hoarding behaviors.
true
26
older adults with hoarding symptoms may have difficulty with which 4 cognitive capacities.
- problem solving
- categorization
- shifting set
- organization
27
name the screening tool for HD.
hoarding rating scale
28
describe treatment for HD.
combines behavioral approach (exposure) and teaching skills to support executive functioning (ex: planning, organizing, cognitive flexibility, problem solving)
29
name 4 "dos" of working with people with HD.
- match the client's language (ex: "your collections")
- use encouraging language
- highlights strengths
- focus intervention on safety and organization first
30
milder form of depression but persists over a longer period of time
persistent depressive disorder
31
mild form of depression, less severe than persistent depressive disorder
subclinical depression
32
how common is depression among older adults in the community?
20%-25%
33
how common is depression among older adults in institutional settings?
50% +
34
describe passive suicide behaviros.
- not eating
- not taking medications
- stopping self-care
35
why is it harder to diagnose depression in people with dementia?
overlap in symptoms
36
series of questions regarding how they felt in the past week, 20 items, designed for use with adults and older adults
CES-D
37
what is the period of time asked about in the CES-D?
1 week
38
describe scoring on the GDS - 30-item version.
```
0-9 = typical
10-19 = mild depressive symptoms
20-30 = severe
```
39
describe scoring on the GDS - 15-item version.
greater than 5 = probable depressive symptoms
40
- help people incorporate pleasant events into their day
| - ex: calling a family member, playing cards, stress management techniques
cognitive behavioral strategies
41
- recall past events that were meaningful and pleasant in our lives
- often use objects to stimulate recall
- "do you remember"
reminiscence
42
- talking or writing about your life from the time you were a child until present day
- looks at life as a whole
- writing workshop
- integrative component - encouraged to think about life as a whole and about how far they have come and what they have learned and how they have evolved.
- can be a group setting or one-on-one with an individual
life review
43
name 2 cognitive behavioral strategies for anxiety.
- thought monitoring
| - behavioral activation
44
-walk them through head to toe - contract and release muscles systematically
progressive muscle relaxation (PMR)
45
-closing your eyes and picturing yourself in a calm and soothing place
imagery
46
systematic efforts to achieve objectives such as changes in knowledge, attitudes, skills, and behaviors to maintain or improve function and/or health
community programs
47
name 3 aspects of program planning.
- establish priorities
- diagnosing causes
- allocating resources
48
name 2 methods of collaborative planning.
- involves the clients
| - collaboration with stakeholders
49
name 4 sources of funding for programs.
- grants
- private foundations
- government
- associations and civic groups
50
short term funding solution
grants
51
- a systematic set of procedures that serves to identify and describe specific areas of need and available resources in a given population
- leads to a clear set of program goals and objectives
needs assessment
52
-prior studies, demographic data, census data, risk factor data, often found in city, county, state, and national organizations and government bureaus
secondary data
53
name 6 strategies for program planning.
- consider literacy
- cultural relevance
- feasibility
- cost
- ways clients obtain information and learn
- anticipated effectiveness
54
- list of all information needed
- list strategies, methods, materials, and tools to be used
- develop and test needed instruments
- data collection and analysis plan
- plan to disseminate the results
evaluation plan
55
name the 2 levels of evaluation.
- process
| - impact/outcome
56
name the 4 aspects of marketing.
- product
- place
- price
- promotion
57
name 3 aspects of sustainability for programs.
- lay led models
- booster session
- connections to other resources
58
people who live in the neighborhood and know what's going on
key informants
59
- what we need for people to change their behavior
- have to believe they're susceptible
- have to be exposed to knowledge or skills to help them change
- have to be confident that they can actually make a change
health belief model
60
name the 3 components of the health belief model.
- have to believe they're susceptible
- have to be exposed to knowledge or skills to help them change
- have to be confident that they can actually make a change
61
looks at interpersonal factors, intrapersonal factors, and community level factors
ecological model
62
which literacy level should be used to make sure everyone is able to understand?
4th grade literacy level
63
lay person can lead an aspect of the programs
lay led models
64
follow up session 3 months after completion of the program
booster sessions
65
describe the time period for short-term goals.
weekly or 2 weeks
66
describe the time period for long-term goals.
4 weeks - 8 weeks
67
what is the period of time asked about in the GDS-SF screening?
past week
68
is the GDS-SF standardized?
yes
