Week 9 - Abdomen, Violence/Mental, Genitals, Nutrition Flashcards
(157 cards)
Where do we expect to hear DULLNESS on percussion in abdominal assessment
liver, spleen, adipose tissue, over feces
Hyperresonance in abdomen can indicate:
gaseous distension
Costovertebral angle tenderness in abdomen can indicate:
kidney inflammation
What does the person’s abodomen look like if they have distention from ASCITES
o Inspection-Single curve & everted umbilicus; bulging flanks; taut skin; increased abdominal girth
o Auscultation-Normoactive, diminished over fluid
o Percussion-Tympany over bowels but dull over fluid
o Palpation-Taut skin and increased pressure
What is the greatest risk factor for cervical cancer?
human papilloma virus (HPV)
79 million have HPV in US
what is a priapism
a long and painful erection (not from sexual excitation). This can occur in PTs w/ leukemia or hemoglobinopathies (e.g. sickle cell)
What qualifies as binge drinking
Binge drinking= 4 drinks in 2 hours for women, 5 drinks in 2 hours for men
How much alcohol is safe for a pregnant woman to drink?
NONE!
What are 4 general steps for alcohol screening and brief intervention?
■ Step 1: Ask about alcohol use
■ Step 2: Assess for alcohol use disorders
■ Step 3: Advise and assist
■ Step 4: Follow-up and continued support
What are the signs of UNCOMPLICATED alcohol withdrawal?
peaks at 2nd day, improves by 4th/5th day. Most s/s are GI or neuro
o Tremors of hands, tongue, eyes
o Anorexia, malaise, nausea, vomiting
o Autonomic hyperactivity – tachycardia, sweating, elevated BP
o Headache, insomnia, anxiety/depression, irritability, hallucinations
What are the signs of severe alcohol withdrawal?
Withdrawal delirium = delirium tremors - occurs within 1 week of cessation
■ Coarse, irregular tremor
■ Extreme autonomic hyperactivity (tachycardia, sweating)
■ Vivid hallucinations and elusions, agitated behavior
■ Fever
What scale can be used to assess alcohol withdrawal?
○ CIWA scale (Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment) for Alcohol
Max score: 67
● Mild withdrawal
What scale can be used to assess opiate withdrawal?
Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS)
Max score: 48
○ Mild withdrawal 36
Hypoactive bowel sounds are common in patients with what conditions?
constipation and paralytic ileus (paralysis of the intestinal muscles)
Hyperactive bowel sounds are common in patients with what conditions?
gastroenteritis (An intestinal infection marked by diarrhea, cramps, nausea, vomiting, and fever) and diarrhea
What are venous hums found during abdominal assessment?
continuous sounds found in the epigastric region and around the umbilicus and caused by portal hypertension.
What % of GI diseases can be diagnoses by obtaining a thorough health history?
80-90%
What is the 2nd leading cause of US cancer deaths
colorectal cancer
What is the most common blood-borne U.S. viral infection?
Hepatitis C
The RUQ includes:
liver galbladder head of pancreas right adrenal gland hepatic fixture of colon duodenum part of ascending and transverse colon
LUQ includes
body of pancreas stomach spleen left lobe of liver left adrenal gland splenic fixture of colon left kidney left adrenal part of transverse and descending colon
RLQ includes
cecum appendix right ureter right ovary right spermatic cord
LLQ includes
sigmoid colon part of descending colon left ovary and tube left ureter left spermatic cord
after middle age, where does fat accumulate in females?
in the suprapubic area due to decreased estrogen levels