diplopia
double vision
snellen chart
measures visual acuity
Hydrocephalus
excessive fluid in the brain
acromegaly
too much growth hormone so head is very long and big
Paget’s disease
A disease that disrupts the replacement of old bone tissue with new bone tissue- large head
myxedema
swelling on skin from underlying tissues—gives a waxy appearance-often caused by hypothyroidism
ptosis
droopy upper eyelid
microtia
smaller ear than expected
macrotia
larger ear than expected
Weber’s test
(tuning fork on top of head) tests for conductive or sensorineural (root cause is inner ear) hearing loss
differentiates unilateral hearing loss
Normal result: equal sound bilaterally
Rinne test
tuning fork next to ear, raise finger when sound stops. Air conduction should be twice as long as bone conduction
Grading of tonsils
1+: Visible
2+: Halfway to uvula
3+: Touching uvula
4+: Touching each other
tongue deviation could indicate
damage to cranial nerve 7
halitosis
bad breath
which cranial nerves are checked for PERRLA (eye movement)?
3, 4, 6
eyes in toddlers
20/30 vision is normal
pseudoptosis
relaxed upper eyelid, dropping over the eye lid
arcus senilis
(“old people eyes”) .
Not pathologic, a lighter ring around eyes
vision in elderly
20/30 is considered normal
color perception of blue, violet, green is impaired
presbyopia (farsighted)
presbyopia (farsightedness) occurs
commonly over age 40 and a decrease in vision overall happens after 70
edentulous
missing teeth
mini cog
3 word recall + clock drawing test
early childhood caries (ECC)
the most common chronic disease of childhood in 5-17 year olds
ECC is ____ more common than esthma
5 times
a bruit may be present with
hyperthyroidism or thyrotoxicosis.
While examining the patient’s neck, the nurse finds the trachea midline but has difficulty palpating the thyroid. What action would the nurse take next?
document the finding as normal
The lymph nodes that lie in front of the mastoid bone are the:
preauricular nodes
Which of the following descriptions is most consistent with a patient who has hypothyroidism?
Slightly obese female with periorbital edema and a flat facial expression, who complains of constipation, deceased appetite, and fatigue
The nurse can best evaluate the strength of the sternocleidomastoid muscle by having the patient
turn his or her head against resistance
Which of the following best describes the instructions the nurse should give a patient when assessing the thyroid from the posterior approach?
Please tilt your head slightly down and to one side.
While assessing a patient, the nurse finds a palpable lymph node in the left supraclavicular region. Which of the following should be the next action?
Recognize that it is not common to palpate lymph nodes in this region and they must be carefully evaluated
While reviewing laboratory values for thyroid function on an adult patient, the nurse sees that the TSH is elevated, and the T3 and T4 are decreased. The nurse recognizes that these findings are indicative of
hypothyroidism
A patient presents with a complaint of drooping of his eyes, cheeks, and mouth on one side. This finding is most likely associated with pathology of which cranial nerve?
cranial nerve 5
Jaeger test and allen test are used for
near vision
Patients older than 40 years of age often have a decreased ability to
accommodate their eyes, often needing to move the object further away to read
nystagmus
rapid, involuntary movements of the eye
astigmatism
common imperfection in the eye’s curvature
Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect the patient to report as translucent specks that drift across the visual field?
floaters
Peripheral vision is evaluated by the nurse using the
confrontation test
otalgia
earache
tinnitus
ear ringing
The whisper test evaluates
loss of high-frequency sounds.
During the Rinne test, AC should be twice as long as BC. If BC is equal to or greater than AC…
it is evidence of conductive hearing loss
The middle ear contains
the malleus, incus, and stapes (they conduct sound waves to the inner ear)
what population has the highest risk of hearing loss
Older adult men of European descent have the highest incidence, which may be related to previous occupational exposure.
Which of the following differentiates the RN assessment from the APRN assessment of the ear?
Otoscopic assessment
epitaxis
nose bleeding
The most common site of bleeding
kiesselbach plexus (highly vascular area of the nose)
Risk factors for nose, sinus, mouth, and throat problems include
Risk factors specific to this area include topical decongestant use, smoking, inhaling substances and chemicals, allergies, and dust exposure.
During routine physical examination of a 20-year-old woman, the nurse notes a septal perforation. This finding may be significant for which of the following causes?
Illicit drug use (cocaine and inhaled substances irritate the nose and may cause perforation)
The nurse is testing a PT’s visual accommodation, which refers to which action?
pupillary constriction when looking at a near object
which test provides a precise quantitative measure of hearing?
audioscope test
a PT’s uvula raises midline when she says”ahh” and she has a positive gag reflex. The nurse has just tested which cranial nerves?
cranial nerves 9 and 10
