Week 9-Effects of stress on the immune system and cancer Flashcards
(12 cards)
____ and ____ are white blood cells that phagocytose (engulf) dead or foreign material and release alarm signals
macrophages; neutrophils
____ are white blood cells that recognize, remember, and respond to foreign invaders
Lymphocytes
____ is an innate immune response that includes…
Inflammation; Involves vasodilation (血管舒张), cytokines (细胞因子：alarm signal, also released by microglia), neutrophils and macrophages
Aqcuired (or adaptive) immune response includes ____ and ____, and ____ (white blood cells) that can be further divided into __ and __ cells
Antibodies; antigens; lymphocytes; B; T
In lymphocytes, __ cells secrete antibodies, while __ cells can remember antigens
B; T
B cells are ____ that produce ____ and release ____ (chemical alarm signals)
lymphocytes; antibodies; cytokines
Cytotoxic __ cells are ____ that kill infected or targeted cells
T; lymphocytes
____ __ ____ are ____ which recognize and remember antigens and signal other cells as to their presence
Helper T cells; lymphocytes
Two ways the immune systems can fail are…
- Not repairing the damage (leading to cancer, or not responding ASAP to bring the pathogen down leading to infection (AIDS))
- Autoimmune disease (When the immune system attacks your own tissue (multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes))
Compromised immune system allows cancer to spread, and ____ fuels this process by killing ____ and provide energy for cancer cells.
*Good news: psychological stress only happens in the head, and how stress affects us depend on how we cope with it
Lymphocytes; glucocorticoids
One of the functions of ____ is to suppress the immune system. For example, doctors issue Adrenalin (____) to reduce anaphylactic shock.
Glucocorticoid; epinephrine
____ stress can enhance certain aspects of the innate immune system through increase of ____ in anticipation of getting injured.
Acute; platelets
