How does DSM-5 characterise the Personality Disorders?
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into three Clusters
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A, B, C
Give some examples of the 'positive' and 'negative' psychotic-like symptoms in Personality Disorders?
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Positive
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(e.g. Ideas of reference, magical thinking, perceptual disturbances)
- (e.g. Ideas of reference, magical thinking, perceptual disturbances)
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Negative
- (e.g. Social isolation, poor rapport, constricted affect)
What defines the Cluster A Personality Disorders?
odd or eccentric behaviours
Which 3 Personality Disorders come under
Cluster A: odd or eccentric behaviours
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Paranoid Personality Disorder
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Schizoid Personality Disorder
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Schizotypal Personality Disorder
What defines the Cluster B Personality Disorders?
emotional, erratic or dramatic behaviours
Which 4 Personality Disorders come under
Cluster B: emotional, erratic or dramatic behaviours
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Borderline Personality Disorder
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Histrionic Personality Disorder
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Narcissistic Personality Disorder
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Antisocial Personality Disorder
What defines the Cluster C Personality Disorders?
fear & anxiety
Which 3 Personality Disorders come under
Cluster C: fear, anxiety?
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Avoidant Personality Disorder
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Dependent Personality Disorder
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Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
What are the defining features of Paranoid Personality Disorder
Cluster A (odd, eccentric)
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pervasive, unjustified distrust of people
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positive & negative psychotic-like symptoms
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What are the defining features of Schizoid Personality Disorder?
Cluster A (odd, eccentric)
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Detachment from others
- Disinterested in others
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Little emotion in interpersonal relationships
- aloof, emotionally cold
- Homelessness
- Diagnosed only if not seen in context of schizophrenia - so seems to be on same continuum
- Psychotic-like symptoms are Negative
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How does Schizoid compare to Paranoid Personality Disorder?
Similarities:
- Both Cluster A (odd, eccentric)
- social isolation, poor rapport, reduced affect
- social deficiencies similar but more extreme in Schizoid
Differences:
- Schizoid: doesn't have unusual thought processes as in Paranoid
- Schizoid symptoms stem from detachment
- Paranoid symptoms stem from distrust & suspiciousness
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What are the defining features of Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Cluster A (odd, eccentric)
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social & interpersonal deficits
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difficulty with close relationships
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cognitive & perceptual distortions
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strange, peculiar individuals
Psychotic-like symptoms are positive
What are the defining features of Borderline Personality Disorder
Cluster B (emotional, erratic or dramatic)
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Impulsivity
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Instability of relationships, moods & emotions
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What is the defining feature of Histrionic Personality Disorder?
Cluster B (emotional, erratic or dramatic)
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overly dramatic
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excessive emotionality, attention seeking
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What is the defining feature of Narcissistic Personality Disorder? Cluster B: (emotional, erratic, or dramatic)
unreasonable sense of self-importance 1:06:25
What are the defining features of Antisocial Personality Disorder?
Cluster B (emotional, erratic or dramatic)
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disregard for others & violation of others rights
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lack of remorse
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poverty of emotion
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What childhood disorder is a precursor for Antisocial Personality Disorder?
Conduct Disorder
What are the defining features of Conduct Disorder?
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violation of major age-appropriate norms/rules
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agression, destruction, deceitfulness, theft
What is the main difference between Conduct Disorder & Antisocial Personality Disorder?
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lack of remorse in Antisocial Personality Disorder
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remorse, regret is seen Conduct Disorder
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What are the defining features of Avoidant Disorder?
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sensitive to social consequences of behaviour
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afraid of criticism, disapproval
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need to be liked
How does the asocial behaviour differ between
- Avoidant Personality Disorder (Cluster C fear anxiety)
and
- Schizoid Personality Disorder (Cluster A: odd, eccentric)
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Avoidant Personality Disorder
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Asocial because of interpersonal anxiety or fear of rejection
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Schizoid Personality Disorder
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Asocial because apathetic & disinterested in relationships
- Asocial because of interpersonal anxiety or fear of rejection
- Asocial because apathetic & disinterested in relationships
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What underlies Dependent Personality Disorder?
(Cluster C fear anxiety)
Unreasonable fear of abandonment
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What is the defining feature of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder?
(Cluster C fear anxiety)
Excessive preoccupation with orderliness & control
