Week 9 - Reflexes

Question 1

Describe the stretch reflex

Answer 1

Contraction of the muscle as a response to muscle stretching

Question 2

Testing stretch and tendon reflexes of the biceps brachii involves which dermatomes?

Answer 2

C5-C6

Question 3

Testing stretch and tendon reflexes of the triceps brachii involves which dermatomes?

Answer 3

C6-C8

Question 4

Testing stretch and tendon reflexes of the quadriceps femoris involves which dermatomes?

Answer 4

L2-L4

Question 5

Testing stretch and tendon reflexes of the gastrocnemius involves which dermatomes?

Answer 5

S1-S2

Question 6

Describe the tendon reflex

Answer 6

Relaxation of agonist muscle, Contraction of antagonist muscle

Question 7

The stretch reflex is a ________ reflex

Answer 7

monosynaptic

Question 8

Describe the Flexor/Withdrawal reflex arc

Answer 8

• noxious stimuli (pain) -> afferent branch synapses on inter-neuron
• somatic motor neurons to a) the same side muscles: flexion/withdrawal and b) somatic motor neurons to opposite side muscles
• cross extension

Question 9

The blood supply of the spinal cord consists of _______

Answer 9

one anterior and two posterior spinal arteries

Question 10

The gag (aka _______) reflex sensory input via ______ and motor reaction as gagging via ______

Answer 10

pharyngeal
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
CN X - Vagus

Question 11

The tendon reflex is a ________ reflex

Answer 11

polysynaptic

Question 12

Which anterior rami do not participate in peripheral nerve plexi?

Answer 12

T2 - T12

Question 13

The cervical plexus includes anterior rami of _______. Notable nerves arising from the cervical plexus include _______

Answer 13

C1-C5

Ansa cervicalis, phrenic

Question 14

Which cranial nerves join the cervical plexus?

Answer 14

CN XI, XII

Question 15

The phrenic nerves arise from the cervical plexus as anterior rami of _____. It’s function is _______

Answer 15

C3-C5

stimulate diaphragm for respiration

Question 16

What are dermatomes?

Answer 16

Skin segments or areas ennervated by afferent fibers from one spinal nerve

Question 17

Each dermatome overlaps with ________

Answer 17

two adjacent dermatomes

Question 18

If three adjacent dermatomes are affected by three corresponding spinal cord injuries, it will result in

Answer 18

anesthesia

Question 19

Paresthesia is __________

Answer 19

abnormal sensation along one or several dermatomes - pins, needles, numbness

Question 20

Analgesia is ________

Answer 20

abolished or diminished pain sensation

Question 21

A reflex is ________

Answer 21

inherent ability to briskly adjust body automatically to return body to homeostasis

Question 22

The integrative center of cranial reflexes is _________

Answer 22

brainstem

Question 23

The shoulder dermatomes are _______

Answer 23

C4-C6

Question 24

The Thumb & Index finger dermatomes are ______

Answer 24

C6

Question 25

The middle finger dermatomes are ______

Answer 25

C7

Question 26

The ring and pinkie finger dermatomes are _______

Answer 26

C8

Question 27

The nipple dermatomes is ________

Answer 27

T4

Question 28

The umbilicus dermatome is ______________

Answer 28

T10

Question 29

The knee dermatome is _________

Answer 29

L3

Question 30

The ball of the foot, big toe dermatome is _________

Answer 30

L5

Question 31

The foot sole dermatome is _________

Answer 31

S1

Question 32

What are the componenets of a reflex arc?

Answer 32

``` sensory receptor of an organ/tissue sensory neuron integrative center motor neuron effector organ/tissue adjustment ```

Question 33

The ansa cervicalis nerve arises from the cervical plexus as anterior rami of _____. Its function is _____

Answer 33

C1-C3 | to stabilize hyoid bone, larynx during speaking and swallowing

Question 34

The brachial plexus includes anterior rami of ______. Notable nerves arising from the brachial plexus include ________

Answer 34

C5-T1 | musculocutaneous, axilary, radial, median, ulnar, long thoracic

Question 35

The musculocutaneous nerve arises from anterior rami of _______. It ennervates _______ and controls _______

Answer 35

C5-C6 coracobrachialis, brachialis, biceps brachii elbow flexion and supination

Question 36

The axilary nerve arises from anterior rami of _______. It ennervates _______ and controls _______

Answer 36

C5-C6 Deltoid, teres minor shoulder abduction

Question 37

The radial nerve arises from anterior rami of _______. It ennervates _______ and controls _______

Answer 37

C5-T1 Extensors of the upper extremity Extension in multiple joints

Question 38

The median nerve arises from anterior rami of _______. It ennervates _______ and controls _______

Answer 38

C6-T1 forearm flexors except f. carpi ulnaris & lateral 1/2 of f. digitorum profundus, instrinsic thumb muscles, lateral 2 lumbricals wrist and lateral finger flexion, wrist abduction, thumb movements

Question 39

The ulnar nerve arises from anterior rami of _______. It ennervates _______ and controls _______

Answer 39

C7-T1 F. carpi ulnaris and medial 1/2 of f. digitorum profundus, medial 2 lumbricals Wrist adduction/flexion, flexion of 2 medial fingers, abduction and adduction of 2nd-5th fingers

Question 40

The long thoracic nerve arises from anterior rami of _______. It ennervates _______ and controls _______

Answer 40

C5-C7 serratus anterior muscle upward rotation of the scapula

Question 41

The accomodation reflex of the of eye is dependent upon which cranial nerves? Identify which is sensory and which is motor.

Answer 41

CN II - Optic - Sensory | CN III - Oculomotor - Motor

Question 42

The pupillary light reflex of the eye is dependent upon which cranial nerves? Identify which is sensory and which is motor.

Answer 42

CN II - Optic - Sensory | CN III - Oculomotor - Motor

Question 43

The corneal reflex requires sensory input via ______ and motor reaction as blinking via ______

Answer 43

CN V - Trigeminal | CN VII - Facial