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Pharmacology > week one > Flashcards

week one Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

pharmacology is the scientific study of

A

drugs and medication

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2
Q

pharmacology is the study of who

A

humans and animals

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3
Q

what is the connection of nursing to pharmacology

A

administration of medication of drug therapy to treat, heal, cure patient

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4
Q

what are the 3 main learning goals of pharmacology

A

know medication
know what the medication does
know what to expect of medication

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5
Q

what is the definition of drug

A

any chemical that can affect the living process

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6
Q

what is the definition of clinical pharmacology

A

study of drugs in humans

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7
Q

what kind of people are being looked at for clinical pharm

A

patients and healthy volunteers

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8
Q

what is our main concern in pharm

A

pharmaco therapeutics

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9
Q

how does pharmacy therapeutics help the patien

A

helps determine what does is needed

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10
Q

what are the 3 most important properties of an ideal drug

A

effective
safe
selctivity

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11
Q

all drugs have ability to cause _____ and how we control that is asking are we giving it for the _____ reasons

A

harm, right

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12
Q

what is selectivity

A

drug to target what needs to be treated not something else

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13
Q

what are the 7 additional ideal drug considerations

A 
is it.... reversible
predictable
easy to administer
chemically stable
low risk for interactions
cost is low
simple name-generic trade
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14
Q

what is a major factor in patient compliance

A

is it easy to administer to patient

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15
Q

what is the therapeutic objective

A

maximum benefit with minimum harm

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16
Q

what are the 4 factors affecting drug responses

A

administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics,

individual variations

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17
Q

what is pharmacokinetics

A

how the body processes the drug

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18
Q

what is pharmacodynamics

A

how the drug affects the body

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19
Q

how does drug movement through the body go (pharmacokinetics)

A

absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

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20
Q

why should a nurse learn about pharm

A

learn how it effects the body, is the medication appropriate for patient

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21
Q

who is the patients advocate

A

nurse

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22
Q

what should a nurse know about a medication when giving it to a patient

A

is there a probability of an interaction based on what other medication the patient is taking

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23
Q

nurse is responsible for…

A

detecting any mistakes

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24
Q

what kind of mistakes is the nurse responsible for

A

was med ordered correctly; is the medication the right one for the patient

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25
who is patients last defense
nurse
26
what does last line of defense mean as a nurse
nurses are the ones administering the meds to the patient
27
what are nurses legally and ethically responsible for
that we never give medication that we KNOW will cause harm to patient
28
what is the application of pharmacology in patient care: Pre-Administration Assesment
collecting baseline data and identifying high-risk patients
29
what is collected in baseline date
- medical history - objective and subjective data - blood work - height and weight
30
why do you need to collect baseline data
to get to know the patient before administering meds
31
what is subjective data
what the patient tells you
32
what is objective data
what you observe of the patient
33
which makes more of a difference, weight or hight
weight
34
who are our high risk patients
patients with compromised immune systems, pregnant women, the very old and very young, drug allergies, and people with organ dysfunctions
35
what is likely when a patient takes a drug for the first time
adverse reaction
36
what does having a chronic illness fall into
high risk category
37
what is the application for pharmacology in Patient Education
- dosage and administering | - evaluating, adversities, management
38
what should the nurse educate the patient on under dosage and administering
- the 8 rights - optional routes - how to use and store drug
39
what are the 8 rights
right name, medication, dose, amount, route, date, time, and reason
40
what are the optional routes of a drug
oral, rectal, IV
41
if given a PRN script there has to be an actually _______ for patient to take it
reason
42
what is the nurse evaluating for
to see if the right medication was given for the right reason
43
what should the nurse be thinking about when giving the medication
looking for signs and symptoms
44
how is it easy to create a toxic level in patients body
patient compliance with drug could cause this by taking to many of the prescribed dose for example
45
who is frequently the educator
nurse
46
what happens when taking food with a medication that says do not take with food
it will lessen the drug intensity
47
all medications will cause some sort of
side effect
48
adverse effect is ____ what we want
not
49
what kind of approach is the nursing process
systematic approach
50
what is the systematic approach
knowing our patients and making sure it is safe for give to our patients
51
what does the systematic approach guide in the nursing decisions
- medication administration - patient safety - medical and legal standards
52
what are 5 points when applying the nursing process in drug therapy
- assessment and analysis - planning - implementation - evaluation - documentation
53
what is the assessment and analysis
nursing diagnosis
54
what is implementation
what did you actually carry out
55
wha tis evaluation
did the end result come out how you wanted it to
56
why is documentation important
it protects you as the nurse and it will also help the patient receive the right medication needed
57
what is the controlled substance act, 1970 known for
this set rules for what can be manufactured and distributed with scheduled or controlled medications
58
there are 5 levels regarding drugs what are they
level one= not approved for use in the U.S. | level 2-5 have to have a certain rx script in order to give out medication
59
what are the 2022, 2003 children and pediatric laws set for
monitoring what medications are approved for children to take (such as tylenol for children)
60
what is the 2007 FDA amendments act know for
once a drug hits the market its supposedly safe? well this law still maintains the right (FDA) to go back at any point and determine if the medication is still safe or not
61
where did drugs originally come from
plants, animals, and things growing on rocks
62
where do drugs come from now
synthetic chemicals
63
why did drugs evolve
for safety and regulations
64
what are chemical drugs free from
impurities
65
what are the 3 randomized control trials
- control use - randomization - blinding
66
what is control use
comparing new med to an existing one or placebo to see if new med is better or worse for same disorder
67
what is randomization
subjects are assigned to a control group or experimental group
68
what is blinding
subject does not know what group they are in
69
what does double blind mean
this is when the patients and researchers don't know what group they are in (there is no bias example grey anatomy when meredith and derek had the trial)
70
what are the stages of new drug development
- preclinical testing | - clinical testing
71
who is preclinical testing done one
animals to determine toxicity and therapeutic dose
72
in clinical testing there are how many phases
I-IV (1-4)
73
who is phase one of clinical testing used on
healthy volunteers
74
what happens when the side effects in phase one are severe
they will go head and do it on patients with that specific disease
75
what is phase two and three of clinical testing supposed to test
patients safeness, dose range, and if its therapeutic
76
what is phase 4 of clinical testing supposed to do
make sure the drug is still safe (2007 FDA act)
77
what are the limitations for new drug development
there is a difference between male and female | also child bearing women and small children are not tested on
78
what are the 3 drug names
chemical, generic, trade
79
T or F there are some medications that fit in multiple therapeutic classes
true
80
how are meds classified
- therapeutic - chemical - generation - marketing

Pharmacology (3 decks)

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