Welfare Flashcards
What is the definition of welfare?
Welfare defines the state of an animal as it attempts to cope with it environment
What is the animal welfare act 2006
It is a law that makes it an offence to cause unnecessary harm to any animal, it also places a duty of care to animals which means anyone who owns an animal has to take necessary steps in order to make sure the animals needs are met
What are the five animal needs
Suitable diet
Suitable environment
Ability to express normal behaviours
To be homed with or without other animals
Protection from illness disease and violence
Welfare considerations
Diet Exercise Social structures Stimulation Housing Substrate Veterinary attention Disease transmission Susceptibility to injury
What does suitable diet mean?
Ready access to fresh water and a diet to maintain full health and vigour depending on the species, life stage and whether they are working or for production
What does suitable environment mean?
Providing an appropriate environment including shelter, security and a comfortable resting area
What does it mean to be protected from pain injury and suffering?
By ensuring conditions and treatments which avoid mental suffering and encourage quality of life and good wellbeing
What does it mean to exhibit normal behaviours?
This can be done by providing sufficient space, proper facilities and replicate social groups
What does it mean to be housed or without others?
This means whether they should live with another animal, it depends on species and individual needs
What does morals mean?
Based on an individuals conscience, personal belief or right or wrong, rather than a set of rules or what the law states should be done
What are ethics?
A system of moral standards, governing the appropriate conduct for a person or group
What is evolution?
Evolution is a gradual process by which present diversity of animals life arose from the earliest and most primitive organisms
Or
Evolution is the change in inherited characteristics of a population from generation to generation
Who is Charles Darwin?
He was an English naturalist who was born in 1809, he was primarily a geologist. He is the founder of the idea of evolution . He went on the five year voyage on the HMS beagle
Where did the voyage path include?
South America Falkland Islands Galapagos New Zealand Australia Mauritius South Africa Azores
What did Charles Darwin do?
Darwin collected a variety of specimens from different countries to prove the diversity of life.
Darwin proposed and provided evidence that all species of life have evolved over time from a single or few common ancestors through the process of natural selection
What book did Charles Darwin write?
On The Origin Of species 1859
What is natural selection?
This is the idea that species pass on favourable characteristic to their offspring which promote survival and increase reproduction, unfavourable characteristics will die out. It is the idea of survival of the fittest
What is the moth example of natural selection?
During the industrial revolution the trees turned black due to the burning of coal this means that the black peppered moths could rest on the tree trunks and blend in however the white moths would stand out and therefore get eaten by predators. Therefore more black moths survived and reproduced creating 98% of moths being black peppered moths
What is a selective pressure?
Any factor within an environment which alters the behaviour and or physical appearance of a species, driving force if evolution and natural selection. Divided into two types of pressure biotic and abiotic
What are some types of selective pressures?
Predators and preys Vegetation type Terrain Weather Water availability Sunlight Humidity Temperature Salinity
What is extinction?
the fact or process of a species, family, or other group of animals or plants becoming extinct (no longer existing)
Extinction facts
Freshwater ecosystems are the most endangered habitats in the world
As many as 30-50 percent of all species are heading towards extinction
ESA 1973 protects registered endangered animals
What is the meaning of evolution?
Natural process requires no intervention by man, natural selection, adaptation of species to their environment
What is the meaning of domestication?
Wild animals come into contact with a human setting, specific characteristics and behaviour were developed for human purposes
