WHAP Quarter 1

Question 1

Belief that ethics is about fulfilling the obligations for those above and below you in the in the social hierarchy (ex. filial piety). It values education, ethnocentrism, conservatism, and patriarchy

Answer 1

Confucianism

Question 2

Respect and obedience for those who are older than you in your family

Answer 2

Filial Piety

Question 3

The belief to act naturally and value nature. “Wu wei”, a central belief of this religion, means “action through inaction”.

Answer 3

Taoism

Question 4

Metaphysical idea of the natural order in the universe; literally translates to “the way”

Answer 4

Tao

Question 5

Enlightened Buddhists who do not go to paradise in order to help others achieve nirvana

Answer 5

Bodhisattva

Question 6

A massive chuck of land admitted to a high position of authority

Answer 6

Empire

Question 7

The ruler of the Caliphate. Controls both political and religious power. Thought to be the descendant of Mohammed.

Answer 7

Caliph

Question 8

The empire that dominated the Middle East during the 1000’s. Incredibly influential: instated the Jizya tax and contained the House of Wisdom. However, it started to dwindle in size by the 1200’s because it simply had too much land to look after.

Answer 8

Abbasids

Question 9

Muslim dominated areas

Answer 9

Dar al-Islam

Question 10

Located in Baghdad. The biggest university in the world at the time. Sparked the Translation Movement.

Answer 10

House of Wisdom

Question 11

An effort in the House of Wisdom to translate Greek texts into Arabic to gain their knowledge.

Answer 11

Translation Movement

Question 12

Lased from 960 to 1279. During its time created many innovations such as the compass, paper, and gunpowder. It was largely Confucianism, but also coexisted with Taoism and Buddhism.

Answer 12

Song Dyansty

Question 13

explosive power. goes boom. used by the Song Dynasty to create fireworks, but also some weapons for combat

Answer 13

Gunpowder

Question 14

Artificial waterways to connect cities and people. Very important in Song Dynasty for trade. The Grand Canal was the most prominent; connected many major cities.

Answer 14

Canals

Question 15

A new strain of rice that caused massive population increase in Song Dynasty (it did not come from there, however). A great export too.

Answer 15

Champa Rice

Question 16

The _________________ established the idea that a ruler must be just to keep the approval of the gods. It was believed that natural disasters, famines, and astrological signs were signals that the emperor and the dynasty were losing the ____________. Credit: PBS.

Answer 16

Mandate of Heaven

Question 17

An exam administrated by the Song Dynasty to find the top (Confucian) geniuses.

Answer 17

Imperial Examination System

Question 18

Exemplars of the exam takers of the Imperial Examination. They now work in a position of authority.

Answer 18

Shi

Question 19

A part of the royal court; meant to be a fully loyal companion to the king

Answer 19

Courtier

Question 20

A bureaucratic advisor to the king

Answer 20

Vizier

Question 21

Web of interactions between the Arab World, North Africa, Sub-Saharan, and Persian Gulf. A big part of these trade routes was gold and salt. Islam could be spread via Muslim merchants and camels were used to travel across the large and scarce desert.

Answer 21

Trans-Saharan/Gold Salt Trade Routes

Question 22

A strong empire in Western Africa; it had many Mosques and universities. It was a huge contributor for gold and salt. Since those resources were valued, the empire flourished. Timbuktu, the capital, was known as the intellectual center of the world after the fall of the House of Wisdom.

Answer 22

Mali Empire

Question 23

The king of the Mali Empire. He was incredibly rich because of the empire’s wealth in gold. Fun fact: when he made is pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj), the places he stopped by would have so much gold dropped of that their whole economy would shift because of inflation.

Answer 23

Mansa Musa

Question 24

Located in the Eastern coast of Africa. Attracted many Muslim merchants. Each city-state was governed by a king who would supervised trade. They spoke a Bantu-derived language.

Answer 24

Swahili city-states

Question 25

A cultural phenomenon in sub-Saharan Africa. The Bantu people moved out of their central African homeland to look for more farmland. As they migrated South, their culture and language spread. It would mix with Arabic in the Eastern coast to create the Swahili language.

Answer 25

Bantu migrations

Question 26

This state engaged trade with the Swahili people and boasted a stone enclosure protecting large stone buildings and structure. Although not much is known about them, they were most likely farmers. They raised cattle and mined gold and copper. The people also hunted for ivory. They would then trade these goods to the city-state Kilwa. Received goods from China, South Asia, and the Middle East.

Answer 26

Great Zimbabwe

Question 27

Any class of musician-entertainers of Western Africa whose performances include tribal history and genealogies. They essentially were storytellers that passed down history orally.

Answer 27

Griot

Question 28

The story of creation through Mayan storytelling. Reflected Mayan culture with agriculture.

Answer 28

Popol Vuh

Question 29

a claim that is historical

Answer 29

Historical Claim

Question 30

When an aspect in society is constant throughout time.

Answer 30

Continuity

Question 31

Political and historical processes of creation, stabilization, and sustainability

Answer 31

State-building

Question 32

Actively looking for converts; trying to convert another to your own belief

Answer 32

Proselytize

Question 33

Also known as the Angkor Kingdom, it was situated near the Mekong river (did not have to compete for its power). The empire had complex drainage and agricultural irrigation systems, which made it's economy one of the best in SE Asia. Its temples had Hindu influence, but there was a clear transition to Buddhism, as depicted from its artwork.

Answer 33

Khmer Empire

Question 34

When Islam forces captured Delhi and the Northern part of SE, the ______ was created. It reigned for 300 years, and some Hindus became Muslim, there was still a retaliation from them to their conquerors. Hindus hated it because of the Jizya tax, and since the empire had trouble enforcing policies, they eventually lost power to the Mughals.

Answer 34

Delhi Sultanate

Question 35

Revolution started by Hindu Saints to bring religious reforms by adopting the idea of devotion leading to salvation.

Answer 35

Bhakti Movement

Question 36

An Islamic belief and practice in which Muslims seek to find the truth of divine knowledge through an experience with god.

Answer 36

Sufi

Question 37

A religious way of life; devote oneself to spiritual work (ex. Monks and Nuns)

Answer 37

Monasticism

Question 38

A network of trade routes connecting China and the Far East with the Middle East and Europe. Credit: HISTORY.

Answer 38

Silk Road

Question 39

Consists of a group of merchants that travel for safety in numbers. Provides protection against the environment and bandits/thieves.

Answer 39

Caravan

Question 40

These were placed along the Silk Road so merchants in caravans could rest and trade. They were approx. 100 miles away from each other.

Answer 40

Caravanserai

Question 41

Traveled along and between the silk roads. They traveled because they depended on their cattles. Stole from merchants who were traveling.

Answer 41

Nomadic Pastoralist

Question 42

The territory ruled by a Khan (king, Mongolian). Examples include the Il-Khanate and the Golden Horde

Answer 42

Khanate

Question 43

First khan of the Mongol empire B)

Answer 43

Genghis Khan

Question 44

A strong siege weapon used by the Mongols to break down the walls of cities.

Answer 44

Trebuchet

Question 45

Describes a time of peace and stability during the Eurasian Mongol rule. The Silk Road, a previously harsh route, became safer and better because it all fell under the singular rule. A passport system was instated to create regulation and made trading optimal.

Answer 45

Pax Mongolica

Question 46

Military and administrative foundations for the Mongols to use to create stability; meant to create peace when expanding the empire. Determines the power of the rulers and allows for religious tolerance.

Answer 46

Yassa

Question 47

A postal system used by the Mongols along the silk road. It was created to speed up the process of sending messages/packages across the empire.

Answer 47

Yam System

Question 48

the epic ruler of the yuan dynasty

Answer 48

Kublai Khan

Question 49

The Dynasty after the Song and preceding the Ming. It was controlled by the Mongols and became a lot more diverse as an effect (while the Dynasty lasted).

Answer 49

Yuan Dynasty

Question 50

The empire where the Mongols conquered the Turkish. Timur-lane was the ruler of this empire, and his rule was renowned for the revival of artistic and intellectual life in the reigion.

Answer 50

Timurid Empire

Question 51

No political or economic consistency in a region; broken up. Usually backed up by local authority like in Europe.

Answer 51

Decentralization

Question 52

A system where peasants (agricultural workers) in medieval Europe were dependent on the land they were in, along with the owner of the land; local authority.

Answer 52

Manorialism

Question 53

A social system where the king grants land and protection in exchange for military service via vassals. These vassals would gain titles and own land, which would come with serfs.

Answer 53

Feudalism

Question 54

Focused on law, logic, and central authority of the Pope. The Pope would influence not only religion but also politics. Basically, the branch of Christianity that had massive trust and respect for the Pope.

Answer 54

Roman Catholic Church

Question 55

This branch of Christianity was found more in the Eastern regions of Europe. It did not have as much trust in the pope and believed that there should be mystery in faith and governance through consensus.

Answer 55

Eastern Orthodox Church

Question 56

The military campaigns by the Roman Catholics to seize Jeuralism... which all failed. They only saw temporary success and decided to steal from Constantinople in the Byzantine Empire in one of these campaigns. However, it jumpstarted the connection between Europe and Asia.

Answer 56

Crusades

Question 57

Central Mexico to upper parts of Central America. Populated by the Mayans, Aztecs, and more.

Answer 57

Mesoamerica

Question 58

Cities that shared the Mayan culture but were independent of each other. Located near or on trade routes and good farmland.

Answer 58

Mayan City-States

Question 59

Proof that the Mayans were incredibly advanced in math and science. This calendar system was incredibly accurate, more so than the ones found in Afroeurasia during the same time period.

Answer 59

Mayan Calander

Question 60

Another word for the Aztecs. These were hunter-gatherers who migrated to Mexico.

Answer 60

Mexica

Question 61

The capital of the Aztecs that was founded in 1325. In the middle of the swampy lake, it had great defense and agriculture. Grew up to 200,000 people, making it one of the most populous cities at the time.

Answer 61

Tenochtitlan

Question 62

The Mexica built these gloating gardens to increase the amount of space for food production.

Answer 62

Chinampa

Question 63

A state subordinate to a more powerful neighboring state that sends taxes or regular gifts to show submission to the superior states. The Incas and Aztecs used these for their distinct purposes.

Answer 63

Tributary States

Question 64

Founded by Pachacuti, the "shaker". His military victories allowed his cities to combine into one state. Called the "People of the Sun".

Answer 64

Inca

Question 65

Mandatory service the Inca had to do. For men, this could be building up infrastructure or agricultural work, for women it mainly meant making baskets.

Answer 65

Mit'a

Question 66

Agriculture on the sides of mountains for farming. Required a lot of labor but also supported the population well.

Answer 66

Andenes

Question 67

Incas made roads for traveling along the Andes. Used for trade and messaging, surprisingly well made.

Answer 67

Royal Roads