What is knowledge? Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is Epistemology?
This is the area of philosophy that consideres:
the nature, source and, extent of our knowledge
What does Ability knowledge mean?
Ability knowledge is knowledge of how to do something
i.e. I know how to swim
What does Acquaintance knowledge mean?
Acquaintance knowledge is knowledge through experience
i.e. I know the taste of pineapple
What is Propositional knowledge?
Propositional knowledge is knowledge of true facts.
i.e. I know that Paris is the capital of France
What does Zagzebski claim is a real definition (give an example)
A real definition defines something in terms of its nature/essence
e.g. Water is H20. (all water has the same thing in common)
What does Zagzebski claim is an artificial definition (give an example)
An artificial definition is one that isn’t “real” as the thing doesn’t have nature/essence.
e.g. Weeds are plants that grow where they aren’t wanted. (All that weeds have in common is what we think of them)
What does Zagzebski claim about knowledge?
- There are reasons to think that knowledge doesn’t have a real defenition
- We should try to give a real definition to knowledge and only stop if we can’t.
What does Individually necessary conditions mean?
Without X you can’t have Z.
If you don’t have water this means that the tree can’t grow. This doesn’t mean that if you do, the tree grows, you still need sunlight, minerals etc
What does sufficient conditions mean?
If you have X then you have Z
What does jointly sufficient conditions mean?
If you have both X and Y then you have Z
What is JTB theory of knowledge?
These are the jointly sufficient conditions for knowledge, i.e. they are all needed to have propositional knowledge.
S knows that p if and only if:
S believes that p
S is justified in believing that p
p is true
What is a posteriori justification?
Justification that is dependant on experience
What is a priori justification?
Justification that is independant on experience
