What is the humanistic approach ? Flashcards
(29 cards)
How do humanists view the study of psychology?
They reject the idea that psychology can be studied scientifically
What do humanists believe is necessary for a valid explanation of behavior?
Inclusion of all factors that influence behavior and their interactions
What is a common critique of psychological explanations according to humanists?
They tend to be simplistic
What is the humanist perspective on free will?
People can consciously decide their own behaviors
What do humanists reject in their approach to understanding behavior?
Reductionist simplified explanations
What is a holistic explanation of behavior according to humanists?
Behavior is influenced by multiple interacting factors
Why can’t humanists conduct scientific research?
Complexity of variables makes it impossible to isolate independent variables
What method do humanists prefer for research?
Case studies
What is the focus of humanistic psychology?
How humans can perform at their best and fulfill their potential
What is self-actualization?
Reaching one’s full potential
What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
A pyramid visualizing the conditions that need to be met before self-actualization
List the levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs in order.
- Physiological
- Safety
- Love and belongingness
- Esteem
- Self-actualization
What must be satisfied before self-actualization can occur?
All lower levels in Maslow’s hierarchy
What is congruence according to Carl Rogers?
Alignment between perceived self and ideal self
What happens if there is a gap between the ideal self and perceived self?
The individual is incongruent and cannot achieve self-actualization
What are two ways to achieve congruence?
- Aspire to a more realistic ideal self
- Develop a healthy self-concept
What does unconditional positive regard mean?
Accepting individuals for who they are
What is client-centered therapy?
A humanistic approach focusing on the present and future
What is the therapist’s role in client-centered therapy?
To support clients in finding their own solutions
What is a major critique of the humanistic approach?
It lacks empirical evidence due to rejection of scientific methods
What is one potential benefit of a holistic explanation of behavior?
It may be more valid and closer to the truth of human experience
What is a criticism of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
It may be culturally biased towards a Western individualistic perspective
True or False: Humanistic psychology focuses primarily on pathology.
False
What fields has Peak been useful in?
Business, sport, education, healthcare
Emphasizes holistic treatments in healthcare
