Windows/Linux/MacOS

Question 1

What are the componets to comparing various OS (Windows/Linux/MacOS)?

Answer 1

-User interface (UI)
-File system
-Security
-Compatibility with software/hardware
-Performance & reliability

Question 2

what is user interface (UI)?

Answer 2

The user interface (UI) is the point of human-computer interaction and communication in a device. This can include display screens, keyboards, a mouse and the appearance of a desktop.

Question 3

What are (3) OS system interface examples?

Answer 3

MS –> Windows
🍎 –> MacOS
Linux –> GNOME, KDE Plasma, and XFCE

Question 4

What is the file system?

Answer 4

The file system, is a vital component that manages how data is stored and retrieved.

Question 5

What are (3) file system examples?

Answer 5

Windows –> NTFS
MacOS–> (ie Sequoia/latest version)
Linux –> XFS/Btrfs/Ext4

Question 6

What are (3) examples of security features?

Answer 6

Windows –> Defender, Bitlocker, and Secure Boot
MacOS –> Gatekeeper and XProtect (Unix-based foundation)
LInux–> Security enhanced

Question 7

Which OS system is the most compatible?

Answer 7

Windows

Question 8

How is MacOS optimized for performance on Apple hardware?

Answer 8

M1/M2

Question 9

What are the (2) advantages of Windows 11 Home?

Answer 9

-User-friendly interface
-Sufficient for basic tasks

Question 10

What are the (2) disadvantages of Windows 11 Home?

Answer 10

-Lacks advanced security
features
-Limited business features

Question 11

What are the (2) advantages of Windows 11 Pro?

Answer 11

-Enhanced security
-Business-oriented features

Question 12

What is the (1) disadvantage of Windows 11 Pro?

Answer 12

-Potential overkill for basic
users

Question 13

What are the (2) advantages of Windows 11 Enterprise?

Answer 13

-Highest level of security and
manageability
-Advanced IT management
tools

Question 14

What are the (2) disadvantages of Windows 11 Enterprise?

Answer 14

-Higher cost
-Complexity of deployment

Question 15

What are the (2) advantages of Windows 11 Education?

Answer 15

-Tailored for educational
environments
-Enhanced security and
management

Question 16

What is the (1) disadvantage of Windows 11 Education?

Answer 16

-Limited to educational
institutions

Question 17

What are the (2) advantages of Windows 11 Pro for Workstations?

Answer 17

-Optimized for high-
performance tasks
-Supports large data
handling

Question 18

What is the (1) disadvantage of Windows 11 Pro for Workstations?

Answer 18

-Unnecessary for regular
office tasks

Question 19

What are some aspects to cross-platform software and file management?

Answer 19

-Different unique system
calls, file systems, and user
interface guidelines

-Libraries and APIs available
on one platform might not
be available on another

-Maintaining a consistent
user experience across
platforms is challenging

-Transferring files between
different operating systems
can be a complex task due
to differences in file
systems and metadata
handling

-Different operating
systems use different
default character
encodings, which can lead
to corrupted file contents
when transferred.

Question 20

what are common causes of startup issues?

Answer 20

Common causes include corrupted system files, hardware failures, or software conflicts. You have the option of using either Safe Mode or Recovery Mode.

Question 21

What is safe mode?

Answer 21

Safe Mode performs a startup disk check, repairs directory issues, and disables non-essential login items.

Question 22

What is recovery mode?

Answer 22

If Safe Mode doesn’t resolve the issue, Recovery Mode offers more robust tools. This mode provides access to Disk Utility for repairing the disk, reinstalling macOS, restoring from a Time Machine backup, or accessing Terminal for advanced troubleshooting.

Question 23

What are the (3) parts to system repair and maintenance in MacOS?

Answer 23

-Disk Utility
-Clear caches and temporary files
-Clean up system files

Question 24

What are the (2) parts in terminal commands in MacOS?

Answer 24

-Check disk usage
-Kill processes

Question 25

What are the (2) parts with external device issues in MacOS?

Answer 25

-Checking connections and power -Updating drivers

Question 26

What are the (4) tips to general troubleshooting for MacOS?

Answer 26

-Backup your data regularly -Use safe mode -Monitor system performance -Keep your system updated

Question 27

What is kernal panic within Linux?

Answer 27

A kernel panic is a safety measure by an operating system when it detects a critical error it can't recover from. This causes the system to stop and display an error message.

Question 28

What are (2) symptoms of kernal panic within LInux?

Answer 28

-System unresponsiveness -Kernal panic message

Question 29

What are (3) causes of kernal panic within Linux?

Answer 29

-Hardware failure -Software bugs -Corrupt or incompatible system files

Question 30

What are (2) Hardware diagnostics and tests in Linux?

Answer 30

-Diagnostic tools -Hard drive checks

Question 31

What are (2) updates and patches in Linux?

Answer 31

-Kernal updates -Driver updates

Question 32

What are (2) review logs in Linux?

Answer 32

-Log examination -dmesg output:

Question 33

What are (2) boot options in Linux?

Answer 33

-GRUB configuration -Safe mode

Question 34

What are (2) symptoms in resolving dependency errors in Linux?

Answer 34

-Errors during package installation or updates -Messages indicating missing or conflicting dependencies

Question 35

What are (3) causes in resolving dependency errors in Linux?

Answer 35

-Outdated repositories -Conflicting versions of packages -Manual modifications to system libraries

Question 36

What is one solution for update repositories in Linux?

Answer 36

Ensure up-to-date repositories

Question 37

What is one solution to add new repositories in Linux?

Answer 37

Adding new repositories: Sometimes, additional repositories need to be added to obtain the necessary packages. This can be done by editing the sources list or using package manager commands to add repositories.

Question 38

What are (2) solution in consult logs in Linux?

Answer 38

-Package manager logs -System logs

Question 39

What are (3) file system corruption symptoms in Linux?

Answer 39

-Inability to read or write to the file system -Error messages indicating file system issues -System crashes or hangs

Question 40

What are (3) file system corruption causes in Linux?

Answer 40

-Power outages or abrupt shutdowns -Faulty hardware components -Bugs in the file system drivers:

Question 41

What are (2) file system corruption solutions using fsck and flags in Linux?

Answer 41

-File System Consistency Check -Options and flags

Question 42

What are (2) file system corrution solutions using regular backups in Linux?

Answer 42

-rsync -tar

Question 43

What is one file system corruption solution by monitoring hardware in Linux?

Answer 43

smartctl

Question 44

What is one file system corruption solution by mount options in Linux?

Answer 44

noatime/nodiratime

Question 45

What is one file system corrution solution by file system choice in Linux?

Answer 45

Ext4, BTRFS, and Xfs

Question 46

What are (3) symptoms to network configuration challenges in Linux?

Answer 46

-Inability to connect to networks -Slow network performance -Frequent disconnections

Question 47

What are (3) causes to network configuration challenges in Linux?

Answer 47

-Incorrect network settings -Hardware failures, such as a faulty network card -Misconfigured firewall or security settings

Question 48

What are (5) solutions to network configuration challenges in Linux?

Answer 48

-Check configuration -Restart network services -Diagnose with tools -Review firewall settings -Check logs:

Question 49

What is the best aspect to Linux?

Answer 49

One of Linux's greatest strengths is its open-source nature, which provides a vast array of troubleshooting tools. "Open-source" refers to software whose source code is made freely available to the public. This means that anyone can inspect, modify, and enhance the code, typically under licenses that ensure the software remains open for others to use and contribute to. In the context of Linux, being open-source means that the operating system's codebase is accessible to developers worldwide.

Question 50

What are (4) command-line tools in Linux?

Answer 50

-dmesg -journalctl -strace -tcpdump