Wireless Networks Flashcards

(36 cards)

1
Q

wap

A

Wireless Access Point
Expands wired LAN into the wireless domain
All clients on an access point are on a single collision domain

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2
Q

(IBSS)

A

Independent Basic Service Set

contains only devices/clients with no access point (ad hoc)

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3
Q

(BSS)

A

Basic Service Set
only one access point connected to the network
ex: small office/home office

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4
Q

(ESS)

A

Extended Service Set
contains multiple access points to provide coverage
ex: college

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5
Q

Wireless Mesh Topology

A

May not use a centralized control

Range of combined wireless tech: WiFi, Microwave, Cellular etc …

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6
Q

Access Point Placement

A

Careful planning is required to prevent the APs from interfering with one another and still maintaining the desired coverage area
Coverage should overlap between APs to allow uninterrupted roaming from one
cell to another but can’t use overlapping frequencies

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7
Q

AP Placement (2.4 Ghz)

A

Non-overlapping coverage cells for 2.4 GHz band should have 10% to 15% coverage overlap in
coverage area

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8
Q

AP Placement (5 Ghz)

A

Identical channels should be separated by at least two cells instead of
one

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9
Q

Site Surveys

A

Wireless survey to determine coverage areas

Produces a heat map with coverage

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10
Q

Omnidirectional Antenna

A

radiates power equally all directions

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11
Q

Unidirectional Antenna

A

focuses power in one direction for covering greater distances
ex: yagi

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12
Q

Spread Spectrum Wireless Transmissions

A

Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)

Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM)

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13
Q

Frequencies and Channels

A

2.4 GHz band: Channels 1, 6, and 11 will avoid overlapping frequencies in 2.4 GHz band
5 GHz band: channel bonding

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14
Q

Channel Bonding

A

Allows you to create a wider channel by merging neighboring channels
into one
make channel size larger, increase speed, increase interferance

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15
Q

802.11

A

band: 2.4 GHz
bandwidth: 1-2 Mbps

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16
Q

802.11a

A

band: 5 GHz
bandwidth: 54 Mbps

17
Q

802.11b

A

band: 2.4 GHz
bandwidth: 11 Mbps

18
Q

802.11g

A

band: 2.4 GHz
bandwidth: 54 Mbps

19
Q

802.11n

A

band: 2.4 and 5 GHz
bandwidth: >300Mbps
MIMO, channel bonding

20
Q

802.11ac

A

band: 5 GHz
bandwidth: 3 Gbps
MU-MIMO

21
Q

802.11ax

A

band: 2.4 5, 6GHz
bandwidth: 9.6 Gbps
MU-MIMO

22
Q

MIMO

A

multiple antennas to receive/send more data

23
Q

(RFI)

A

Radio Frequency Interference
Caused by using similar frequencies to WLAN
Other wifi devices (overlapping channels)

24
Q

Pre-Shared Key

A

Both AP and client uses same encryption key
bad:
Scalability is difficult if key is compromised
All clients must know the same password

25
wep
Wired Equivalent Privacy weak Uses 24-bit Initialization Vector (IV) sent in clear Brute Force Attack within minutes using AirCrack-ng and other tools
26
open
no security
27
(WPA)
Wi-Fi Protected Access weak TKIP used for 48bit IV RC4 used for encryption
28
(WPA2)
Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 strong and modern CCMP for integrity checks AES for encryption
29
802.1x
network authentications | wlan: Each wireless user authenticates with their own credentials
30
(EAP)
Extensible Authentication Protocol Authentication performed using 802.1x EAP-FAST, EAP-MD5, EAP-TLS
31
(NAC)
Network Admission Control Permits or denies access to the network based on characteristics of the device OS, anti virus
32
Captive Portals
Web page that appears before the user is able to access the network resources
33
Geofencing
GPS or RFID defines real-world boundaries Device can send alerts if it leaves area Network authentication can use it to determine access
34
Disable SSID Broadcast
Configures an AP to not broadcast the name of the wireless LAN but, Knowledgeable users can still easily find the SSID using wireless sniffing tools
35
Rogue Access Point
Malicious users set up an AP to lure legitimate users to connect to the AP then capture all the packets (data)
36
Unsecured Wireless Networks
War Driving: Occurs when users perform reconnaissance looking for unsecured wireless networks War Chalking: Occurs when users write symbols on a wall to notify others of AP characteristics