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LSB235- ANATOMY > Wk1- bony pelvis and bone development > Flashcards

Wk1- bony pelvis and bone development Flashcards

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1
Q

pelvic girdle is?

A

the two hip bones joined by symphysis pubis

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2
Q

what makes up the bony pelvis?

A

pelvic girdle, sacrum and their sacroiliac joints

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3
Q

features of ilium (body, ramps, crest, tubercle, tuberosity, notch, spine, line, ala, surface, fossa, formation of acetublum, formation of obturator foramen)

A

body- yes
ramus- no
crest- iliac
tubercle- iliac
tuberosity- iliac
notch- greater sciatic (most)
spine- yes iliac spines x4
line- yes, gluteal x3 and arcuate (4 total)
al- iliac
surface- yes, gluteal, sacropelvic, auricular
fossa- iliac
formation of acet- 2/5ths
form of ob- no

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4
Q

features of ischium (body, ramps, crest, tubercle, tuberosity, notch, spine, line, ala, surface, fossa, formation of acetublum, formation of obturator foramen)

A

body- yes
ramus- ischial
crest- no
tubercle- no
tuberosity- ischial
notch- lesser sciatic
spine- ischial spine
line- no
ala- no
surface- no
fossa- no
form of acet- 2/5ths
form of ob-yes

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5
Q

features of pubis (body, ramps, crest, tubercle, tuberosity, notch, spine, line, ala, surface, fossa, formation of acetublum, formation of obturator foramen)

A

body- yes
ramus- superior pubic, inferior pubic
crest- pubic
tubercle- pubic
tuberosity- pubic
notch- no
spine- no
line- pectineal
ala- no
surface- symphyeal
fossa- no
form of acet- 1/5th
form of ob- yes

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6
Q

orientation of the bony pelvis, how to know its in the correct anatomical position for viewing ? (2)

A
  1. symphyseal surface parallel o midsagitall plane
  2. pubic tubercle and Anterior Superior Iliac Spine in the same coronal plane
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7
Q

how to identify gluteal surface (2)

A
  1. iliac crest
  2. gluteal lines
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8
Q

iliac crest includes what features (3)

A

inner and outer lips,
intermediate area
iliac tubercle

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9
Q

iliac spines are located where?

A

ASIS and AIIS are located opposite to the greater sciatic notch
PSIS and PIIS are located on the same side as the greater sciatic notch

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10
Q

where do gluteal lines extend from and what names

A

the greater sciatic notch

posterior gluteal line
anterior
inferior

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11
Q

sacropelvic surface Is located next to what feature, can be viewed from what angle and makes what joint?

A

next to iliac fossa on the interval view (medial) and joins with the sacrum in the sacral part (upper)

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12
Q

features of the ischial tuberosity (3)

A

smooth superior portion, transverse ridge in the middle and rough inferior portion

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13
Q

secondary ossification centers of the hip bone are located where? 5

A

iliac crest
anterior inferior iliac spine
ischial tuberosity
triradiate cartilage
symphyseal surface

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14
Q

how to identify a male or female bony pelvis 5

A
  1. shape of pelvic inlet (v men, u female)
  2. subpubic angle.arch (<80 men, >90 female)
  3. shape pf greater sciatic notch (J male, L women)
  4. orientation of acetabulum (large/lateral male, smaller and anterior lateral female)
  5. curvature of sacrum (curve male, flat female)
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15
Q

ossification define

A

formation of bone tissue from either dense connective tissue or cartilaginous tissue

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16
Q

what are the types of ossification and where does it occur? 2

A
  1. intramembranous ossification occurs in connective tissue (typically the head and jaw)
  2. intracartilaginous/ endochondral ossification occurs in hyaline cartilage (all bones of the lower limb, pelvis predominantly)
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17
Q

examples of long, short and irregular bones that go through intracartilaginous ossification.

A

long- femur, tibia, fibula, metatarsals and phalanges
short- tarsal and patella
irregular- hip bone and sacrum

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18
Q

in what direction does intracartilaginous ossification and intramembranous ossification in long bones occur?

A

intracartilaginous predominantly in longitudinal growth (length)
intramembranous ossification in periosteum/appositional growth (thickness-width)

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19
Q

where does longitudinal growth occur?

A

epiphyseal plate

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20
Q

where does appositional growth occur?

A

periosteum

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21
Q

what is a primary ossification centre

A

the area in bone tissue that develops within the diapysis/shaft of the bone model of cartilaginous tissue

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22
Q

what is a secondary ossification centre

A

the area of bone tissue that is located within each epiphysis of a developing bone

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23
Q

steps of developing a long bone 3

A
  1. primary ossification centre is formed before birth
  2. secondary ossification is formed after birth for all except femur and tibia (before)
  3. fusion of centres over years
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24
Q

when do primary ossification occur in long bones

A

before brith

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25
example of 1, 2, multiple secondary centres in long bones
one- metatarsals, phalanges two- tibia, fibula multiple- femur (4)
26
seoncdary ossification centres form when in long bones?
after birth for most long bones before in femur and tibia
27
where specifically do secondary ossification centres form in the femur proximal end?
greater trochanter lesser trochanter and head of femur.
28
which kind of ossification centres in short bones?
predominantly primary ossification secondary centre develops in calcaneus
29
timing of ossification centres of short bones
some primary ossification before birth some after brith and some secondary ossification after birth
30
what type of ossification centres in irregular bones
predominantly primary oss multiple secondary ossification centres growth via the epiphyseal plate and periosteum (both long and width)
31
timing of ossification centres of irregular bones
primary oss centre before brith secondary after birth
32
general features of the sacrum (5)
apex/base pelvic/anterior surface dorsal/posterior surface lateral surfaces sacral canal and sacral hiatus
33
acetubulm features
34
what are the three foraminae in the sacrum for?
nerves to go through
35
how many fused vertebrae in the sacrum?
5
36
joints in the sacrum (3)
lumbosacral joint sacroccygeal joint sacroiliac joint
37
differences in sacrum between men and women 2
1. primary curvature is uniform in men, flat in women 2. auricular surface is longer in men S1, 2, 3 and shorter in women 1, 2
38
what major parts of hip bone contribute to the formation of the obturator foramen
ischium and pubis
39
what structure in the acetabulum is covered by articular cartilage?
lunate surface
40
what parts of the hip bone contribute to the formation of the great sciatic notch?
mostly ilium and ischium
41
what structure contributes to the sacroiliac joint formation?
auricular surfaces of sacrum and ilium
42
the lesser sciatic notch is a structure of what part of the hip bone?
ischium
43
acetabulum features 5
lunate surface-articular surface acetabular fossa acetabular rim- external margin, provides attachment for acetabulum labrum acetabular notch
44
features on the pelvic surface / internal surface of hip bone 14
1. iliac fossa 2. auricular surface 3. iliac tuberosity 4. Arcuate line 5. Anterior superior iliac spine 6. Anterior inferior iliac spine 7. Greater sciatic notch 8. lesser sciatic notch 9. Ischial spine 10. Obturator foramen 11. Iliac crest 12. Posterior inferior iliac spine 13. posterior superior iliac spine 14. iliopubic eminence (below arcuate line)
45
features on the lateral/external surface of hip bone 14+
1. posterior gluteal line 2. Anterior gluteal line 3. inferior gluteal line 4. iliac tubercle on outer lip 5. Acetabulum 6. acetabulum lunate surface (articular smooth horseshoe) 7. acetabuluar fossa 8. acetabular notch 9. ischial tuberosity 10.conjoint ramus/ischiopubic ramus 11. iliac crest 12. obturator crest 13. pectineal surface 14. pectineal line + other structures visible from internal view
46
sacral surfaces are?
anterior and dorsal
47
features of the dorsal surface of sacrum 11
1. median sacral crest 2. intermediate sacral crest 3. lateral sacral crest 4. dorsal sacral foramina 5. sacral hiatus 6. sacral horn 7. sacral canal 8. sacral tuberosity 9. coccyx 10. superior articular process 11. auricular surface of sacrum
48
features of anterior surface of sacrum 4
1. transverse ridges 2. anterior foramina 3. promontory of sacrum 4. ala/wing
49
where do the gluteal lines radiate from?
greater sciatic notch
50
which gluteal line is poorly defined?
inferior gluteal line
51
where does the inguinal ligament attach to ?
from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle and is formed by the aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique
52
the ilium is demarcated from which other bone in the hip by a bony marking?
the pubis
53
a complete notch located on what part of the hip bone?
ischium
54
what type of ossification does the ischium predominatenlty form from?
secondary
55
where to hamstrings attach?
ischial tuberosity
56
the sacrospinous ligament extends from the sacrum to the
ischial spine
57
obturator crest, obturator groove, symphyseal surface and pectineal line are all found where
pubis
58
the pubis develops predominantly form?
primary ossification
59
the pubis and ischium form what of the acetabulum
1/5th of the wall
60
is the pubis and ischium demarcated by a bony marking?
yes
61
what makes up the conjoint rams?
fusion of inferior pubis rams and the ischial rams
62
where is synchondrosis lovated
conjoint ramus
63
the pectineal surface extend from pubic tubercle to the iliopubic eminence y/n
yes
64
what makes up the acetabulum
pubis 1/5 ischium 2/5 ilium 2/5
65
what bounds the obturator foramen inferiorly and medially
conjoint ramus body of the pubis
66
where does the ischial tuberosity extend?
onto the ischial ramus

LSB235- ANATOMY (13 decks)

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