Wk2- DERM

Question 1

Define psoriasis

Answer 1

chronic inflammatory skin disease of well demarcated, erythematous plaques with detachable silver scales.

Question 2

What is the cause of psoriasis

Answer 2

Genetic- dysregulation of immune system (associated with metabolic syndrome)

Question 3

Pathophysiology of psoriasis

Answer 3

hyperproliferation skin by reduced keratinocyte turnover time

Question 4

Complications of psoriasis

Answer 4

1. Psoriatic arthritis (incidence in 15-25% with psoriasis)
2. Erythroderma psoriasis - redness over the body
3. Koebner phenomenon - lesions on healthy skin after trauma

Question 5

Define eczema/dermatitis

Answer 5

non infective inflammatory skin disorders that are extremely itchy

Question 6

Classifications of eczema/dermatitis

Answer 6

Exogenous - something outside body is causing it (allergy, irritant)
Endogenous - “ inside (atopic, asteatotic)
Acute- sudden, aggressive
Chronic- long duration, mild irritation

Question 7

What is asteatotic exzema

Answer 7

-itchy dry skin with loss of lipids involving the dermis layer
-often occurs in winter and with the elderly (80)

Question 8

What is nummular eczema

Answer 8

Coin shaped symmetrical lesion
-cause unknown

Question 9

What is atopic eczema

Answer 9

-family history, environmental factors + genetics play a role.
-Itch that turns into a rash.
-Infants/children- face, neck, extensors
-Any age- flexural lesions (not groin or axillary areas

Question 10

What is irritant contact dermatitis (ICD)

Answer 10

inflammatory reaction to a noxious substance on the skin (most common)

Question 11

What is allergy contact dermatitis (ACD)

Answer 11

inflammatory reaction that is immmune mediated after multiple exposures to a substance

Question 12

Signs of contact dermatitis (6)

Answer 12

1. Erythema
2. Saying
3. Blistering
4. Weeping
5. Fissuring
6. Intense itching

Question 13

What is juvenile plantar dermatosis

Answer 13

-no contact allergy
-resolves at puberty
-treated with cork insoles

Question 14

What is pompholyx associated with

Answer 14

Hyperhidrosis and nickel allergy

Question 15

How can bacterial skin infections cause death

Answer 15

1. Infection
2. Infection of lymph vessel
3. “ lymph node
4. Bacteria in blood
5. Blood poisoning
6. Death

Question 16

Classifications of bacterial skin infections

Answer 16

1. Impetigo- superficial infection: subcorneal layer of epidermis (mainly staph), contagious. Blisters which rupture and crust.
2. Ecthyma- infection of epidermis
3. Erysipelas- acute infection of upper half of dermis (strep). Oedema, redness, tender. Recurrence is typical.
4. Cellulitis- infection of lower half of dermis. More extensive infection than the above
5. Necrotising fasciitis- infection of subcutaneous fat and deep fascia.

Question 17

What is tinea pedis and its pathophysiology

Answer 17

-itchy, dry scaling, maceration of feet (different symptoms for different spores)
-digest keratin in epidermis as a food source for survival

Question 18

Onychomycosis: what is it, how does it occur and what are the different classifications

Answer 18

-fungal nail
-occurs typically as a secondary infection from tinea pedis, trauma to nail allows for penetrate

1. Distal subungal onychomycosis (DSO)- typically first stage
2. Total dystrophic onychomycosuis (TDO)- next stage
3. White superficial onychomycosis (WSO)- specific form of OM

Question 19

How to diagnose fungal infection

Answer 19

1. Diafactory test
2. Microscopy and culture

Question 20

What is verruca pedis, what are the signs, pathophysiology

Answer 20

-plantar wart
-interruption of skin lines, pinpoint bleeding, pain on lateral compression
-HPV encourages basal cell replication and hyperplasia of layers