Wk9-foot Type

Question 1

What is the beighton scale

Answer 1

Hyper mobility test (5/9= hypermobile)

• wrist flexion (thumb to forearm)
• 5th finger joint range (more than 90deg)
• Elbow hyper extension (past 180)
• Knee hyper extension (past 180)
• Lumber flexion (palms to ground

Question 2

If a patient is hypermobile what test is specific to lower limb ?

Answer 2

Ferrari scale (7/12 - hypermobile limb…individual limb)

Question 3

Types of pes planus

Answer 3

• flexible or rigid
  AND
  -congential or acquired

Question 4

WB heel raise shows pes planus is

Answer 4

Flexible if it supinates

Question 5

Rigid congenital pes planus has what features

Answer 5

-lowered arch WB and non WB
-Reduced STJ and MTJ ROM

Question 6

What pathology could a rigid congential pes planus be due to

Answer 6

-tarsal coalition
-vertical talus

Question 7

What can cause a rigid acquired pes planus

Answer 7

-trauma
-arthritis
-charcot’s neuroathropathy (arch collapse)
-spastic flat foot (peroneal tendons)

Question 8

What could cause a flexible congential pes planus

Answer 8

-ligamentous laxity/hypermobility
-obesity
-compensation for deformity (short first met, FFVR, accessory navicular, genu VL, skew foot)
-compensated for disease (cerebral palsy, marfans syndrome)

Question 9

What can cause flexible acquired pes planus

Answer 9

-post tib failure
-arthritis
-trauma
-neuromuscular disease
-spasticity
-myleodysplasia

Question 10

When do you treat pes planus foot type

Answer 10

When there’s an indication of
-pain
-muscle fatigue
-joint degeneration
-associated deformity

Question 11

What are short term treatment options for pes cavus and pes planus

Answer 11

• padding and strapping
  -footwear device
  -footwear advice
  -debridement of callous
  -injections
  -insoles

Question 12

What are long term treatment options for pes planus and pes cavus

Answer 12

• insoles custom (work better in cavus)
  -exercise strengthening/stretching
• surgery (not if hypermobile or asymptomatic)
  -weight loss (flexible pes planus)
  -referral to neurologist

Question 13

Is pres cavus or planus more prone to injury

Answer 13

Cavus

Question 14

What types of pes cavus are there

Answer 14

• rigid or flexible
  And
  -congential or acquired

This can be separated into anterior, posterior or combined cavus of the foot

Question 15

What can cause congential pes cavus

Answer 15

-neurological conditions (CMT disease, Cerebral palsy, spinal bifida)

Question 16

What can cause acquired pes cavus

Answer 16

-compensations for deformity (FFVL, plantarflexed first ray, RFVR, ankle equinus, leg length difference, muscle tightness/weakness)
-peroneal nerve injury