Women and Masculinity

Question 1

What do trans men gain after their transitions?

Answer 1

• perceived competency and authority
• respect and recognition
• economic opportunity and status

Question 2

Which trans men were more likely to experience these positive benefits after transition?

Answer 2

Trans men who are tall and white, reflecting the relationship between height, race and masculinity in many contexts

Question 3

What are some differences between trans men and cis men in their adherence to masc norms?

Answer 3

• trans men were more likely to endorse emotional control and self-reliance
• cis men were more likely to endorse men’s power over women and to believe in importance of hetero self-presentation

Question 4

Why might jobs with androgynous or masculine dress codes be appealing to masculine women according to Dozier?

Answer 4

These jobs, such as those in retail or service industries, can be more appealing because they allow for masculine dress without signaling their identity

Question 5

How do participants navigate workplace expectations regarding masculinity and femininity according to Dozier?

Answer 5

• Participants often adopt a more palatable masculinity, incorporating feminine aspects to navigate workplace expectations.

Question 6

What is one way individuals in professional settings may overcompensate for their gender nonconformity according to Dozier?

Answer 6

• They may emphasize other skills or attributes
• overcompensation can lead to increased pressure and exhaustion, as individuals feel the need to constantly exceed expectations.

Question 7

What are the three steps to becoming a girl fighter according to Jones?

Answer 7

1) Prioritize individual assertiveness over perceived weakness
2) Learn necessary fighting skills, 3) Experience gratification from fighting and winning

Question 8

How can fighter girls be both protected and vulnerable?

Answer 8

• Fighting attracts negative attention and harsher sanctions for violating gender expectations –> their “unladylike” behaviour attracts negative attention from school officials
• Provides an identity and respect, especially in settings where strength and dominance are valued

Question 9

What are the 2 pathways to becoming a fighter according to Jones?

Answer 9

1. spontaneous fighting in unsupervised play: response from her peers is largely unmediated by adults –> allows her to create identity that goes against normative gender expectations without fear of sanctions from adults
2. deliberate training for self-protection: involves intervention of at least one family member