Women and Sexuality

Question 1

What are the two stories on achieving justice for women?

Answer 1

1. Women should be treated the same as men
2. Their differences should be taken into consideration to gain equality

Question 2

What are the six ways women’s inequality manifests in society?

Answer 2

1. As a result of patriarchy
2. Male violence against women
3. Sex segregation at work
4. Positioning heterosexuality as normal
5. Cultural discourses on masculinity and femininity
6. Realm of government

Question 3

Define patriarchy.

Answer 3

Rule of the father; societal structures that afford more power to men

Question 4

What are some societal structures that manifest patriarchy?

Answer 4

1. Business
2. Criminal Justice System
3. Law

Question 5

What does Walby identify as ways inequality exists?

Answer 5

Walby identifies six ways that inequality exists.

Question 6

What is the sexual division of labor?

Answer 6

Ideas about the division of labor at home, including childbearing and rearing.

Question 7

What percentage of women experience domestic violence in their lifetime?

Answer 7

More than 25%

Question 8

True or False: Family and domestic violence can only occur in intimate relationships.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

What percentage of women and men have experienced physical violence since age 15?

Answer 9

31% of women and 42% of men

Question 10

What is the estimated percentage of women who have experienced sexual violence since age 15?

Answer 10

22%

Question 11

How often is a woman killed by a partner?

Answer 11

Every 9 days

Question 12

What is the gender pay gap for women compared to men?

Answer 12

Women earn 85% of men’s wages.

Question 13

What percentage of the labor force were women in 2018?

Answer 13

47%

Question 14

What is one reason for the higher percentage of women in part-time/casual employment?

Answer 14

Childcare demands

Question 15

What is essentialism in feminism?

Answer 15

The belief that things (or people) have properties necessary for their identity.

Question 16

Define universalisation in the context of feminism.

Answer 16

The idea that if women share essential properties, then all women should possess them.

Question 17

What is normalisation in feminist theory?

Answer 17

The process of defining what is considered normal, which can be oppressive.

Question 18

What is liberal feminism?

Answer 18

The belief that women will achieve equality through the same opportunities as men in public life.

Question 19

What is socialist feminism?

Answer 19

A merging of Marxism and radical feminism, examining the interdependence of capitalism and patriarchy.

Question 20

What is care-focused feminism?

Answer 20

The idea that women can bring an ethic of care to public policy.

Question 21

What are some key traits associated with masculinity in the realm of government?

Answer 21

1. Dominance
2. Aggression
3. Assertiveness
4. Autonomy

Question 22

What is a common stereotype of ‘ideal victims’ in media narratives?

Answer 22

Children and attractive, middle-class women

Question 23

True or False: Female experiences of violence are universal for all women.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

What is the normative frame of femininity?

Answer 24

Traits such as love, care, sacrifice, and social conformity.

Question 25

What percentage of gay or lesbian people reported being physically attacked?

Answer 25

25%

Question 26

What does heteronormativity refer to?

Answer 26

The assumption that heterosexuality is the neutral or normative position in society.

Question 27

Fill in the blank: Sexuality provides a ______ from which we can view the world.

Answer 27

[standpoint]

Question 28

What is considered the normative position in society regarding sexuality?

Answer 28

Heteronormative/heterosexuality

Question 29

What does the term 'sexuality' cover?

Answer 29

It refers to whom we sexually desire

Question 30

How is masculinity linked to power in Australia?

Answer 30

Linked to economic, political, and physical power

Question 31

What is the common perception of domestic violence (DV) and family violence (FV) in terms of gender?

Answer 31

Male offender/female victim

Question 32

How is the experience of gay men in domestic violence dynamics often viewed?

Answer 32

A challenge to masculinity to speak up about being a victim

Question 33

What was the significance of the case R v McEwen in 1995?

Answer 33

First WA case of BWS used by a homosexual male accused of murder

Question 34

What percentage of relationships in the United States are estimated to be affected by domestic violence according to Island & Letellier?

Answer 34

15-20%

Question 35

Why is domestic violence underreported in the gay/lesbian community?

Answer 35

Considered a taboo

Question 36

What concern exists regarding heterosexism in the criminal justice system?

Answer 36

Fear of ‘coming out’ and hostile responses

Question 37

How is human sexuality often perceived in relation to biology?

Answer 37

Founded in biology, needed for procreation

Question 38

What argument is made to reduce discrimination against homosexuality?

Answer 38

Sexuality is not a lifestyle choice but an inherent quality

Question 39

Historically, how was heterosexuality viewed in psychiatric studies?

Answer 39

Developed through stable family environments

Question 40

What historical view existed regarding homosexuality?

Answer 40

Considered a result of a ‘maladjusted’ life

Question 41

What are some consequences of viewing homosexuality as a pathology?

Answer 41

Leads to gay ‘conversion’ therapies and abusive responses

Question 42

What has been the historical treatment of gay males during colonial expansion?

Answer 42

Exported to colonies and labeled ‘deviant’

Question 43

How did societal views differ for gay women compared to gay men?

Answer 43

Fitted into the general world of women with fewer observable differences

Question 44

What significant legal change occurred in WA regarding gay male sex?

Answer 44

Until the 1990s, it was a crime

Question 45

What year was the law passed to remove criminal records for past convictions related to gay male sex in WA?

Answer 45

2018

Question 46

What was the first country to adopt marriage equality?

Answer 46

The Netherlands in 2001

Question 47

What development occurred in ACT and Qld regarding conversion therapy in 2020?

Answer 47

Banned and criminalised conversion therapy

Question 48

What did the postal survey indicate regarding public support for marriage equality before the amendment of the Marriage Act 1961?

Answer 48

76% approval for change