Words 11

Question 1

1 result [ transitive ]
to produce a result, answer, or piece of information

2 crops/profits [ transitive ]
to produce crops, profits etc

3 agree unwillingly [ intransitive and transitive ]
to allow yourself to be forced or persuaded to do something or stop having something

4 traffic [ intransitive ] American English
to allow other traffic on a bigger road to go first SYN give way British English

5 move/bend/break [ intransitive ]
to move, bend, or break because of physical force or pressure SYN give

6 give up fighting [ intransitive ] literary
to stop fighting and accept defeat SYN surrender

_____ __ something phrasal verb formal
if one thing yields to another, it is replaced by that thing SYN give way to something

_____ something ↔ __ phrasal verb formal

1 to show or produce something that was hidden or difficult to find, or that people did not know about SYN throw up

2 British English to give something that belongs to you to someone else, because you are forced to SYN surrender

Answer 1

yield 1 / jild / verb

1 Our research has only recently begun to yield important results .

2 Each of these oilfields could yield billions of barrels of oil.

The tourist industry yielded an estimated $2.25 billion for the state last year.

These investments should yield a reasonable return .

high-yielding/low-yielding

high-yielding crops

Register
In everyday English, people usually say that something produces a result, a profit etc rather than yields it:
Each cow produces almost 20 litres of milk a day.

3 agree unwillingly [ intransitive and transitive ]

The military has promised to yield power.

yield to
The hijackers refuse to yield to demands to release the passengers.

Further action may be necessary if the leaders do not yield to diplomatic pressure .

Finally she yielded to temptation and helped herself to a large slice of cake.

Register

In everyday English, people usually say someone gives in to pressures, demands etc rather than yields to them:
I very much doubt the boss will give in to her demands.

4 traffic [ intransitive ] American English SYN give way British English

yield to
Yield to traffic on the left.

5 move/bend/break [ intransitive ]

Ideally, the surface should yield slightly under pressure.

6 give up fighting [ intransitive ] literary

yield to something phrasal verb formal

Laughter quickly yielded to amazement as the show went on.

yield something ↔ up phrasal verb formal

1 New research has yielded up some surprising discoveries.

2 British English
He would never yield up the castle to the English.

Question 2

responsibility for something

Answer 2

o‧nus / əʊnəs $ oʊ- / noun [ singular ] formal

the onus is on somebody to do something
The onus is on the prosecution to provide proof of guilt.

Question 3

phrasal verb

to try to find out the truth about a problem, crime etc in order to solve it SYN investigate

Answer 3

look into something phrasal verb

Police are looking into the disappearance of two children.

Question 4

1 to improve a method, plan, system etc by gradually making slight changes to it

2 to make a substance purer using an industrial process

Answer 4

re‧fine AC / rɪfaɪn / verb [ transitive ]

1 Car makers are constantly refining their designs.

2 oil refining

Question 5

1 soon :

2 written speaking in an impatient and unfriendly way SYN abruptly

Answer 5

short‧ly S3 W3 / ʃɔtli $ ʃɔrt- / adverb

1 Ms Jones will be back shortly.

shortly before/after something
The accident happened shortly before midday.

2 ‘I’ve explained that already,’ Rod said shortly.

THESAURUS

shortly formal a short time from now : They will be with us shortly. | the new laws that will shortly be coming into effect

Question 6

1 the way in which you see the information from a computer program on a screen, or how you type information into the program → GUI

2 technical the part of a computer system that connects two different machines

3 the way in which two subjects, events etc affect each other

4 technical the surface where two things touch each other

Answer 6

in‧ter‧face 1 / ɪntəfeɪs $ -ər- / noun [ countable ]

3 interface between

The book deals with the interface between accountancy and law.

Question 7

the process of thinking deeply about your own thoughts, feelings, or behaviour

Answer 7

in‧tro‧spec‧tion / ɪntrəspekʃ ə n / noun [ uncountable ]

Question 8

phrasal verb

1 difficult/unpleasant situation
__ ______ something
to experience a difficult or unpleasant situation, feeling, etc.

2 process
__ ______ something
to experience a particular process

3 use
__ ______ something
to use up money or a supply of something

4 law
__ ______ (something)
if a law __es ______, or __es ______ Parliament, it is officially accepted

5 deal/agreement
if a deal or agreement __es ______, it is officially accepted and agreed

6 practise
__ ______ something
to practise something, for example a performance

7 search
__ ______ something
to search something in order to find something in particular

8 read/discuss
__ ______ something
to read or discuss something in order to make sure it is correct

__ ______ ____ something phrasal verb
to do something you had promised or planned to do, even though it causes problems or you are no longer sure you want to do it

Answer 8

go through phrasal verb

1 go through something

When you’re going through a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone.

He’s going through a divorce at the moment.

It is devastating for a parent to watch a child go through misery.

2 go through something

Candidates must go through a process of selection.

Caterpillars go through several stages of growth.

3 go through something

We went through five pints of milk last week.

4 go through (something)

5 He accepted the offer and the deal went through.

The sale of the land went through.

6 go through something

Let’s go through the whole thing again, from the beginning.

7 go through something

Dave went through his pockets looking for the keys.

Customs officers went through all my bags.

8 go through something

We’ll go through the details later on.

Do you want me to go through this and check your spellings?

go through with something phrasal verb

He bravely went through with the wedding ceremony even though he was in a lot of pain.

I had no choice but to go through with it.

Question 9

1 to increase the price of something, so that you sell it for more than you paid for it OPP mark down

2 to write notes or instructions for changes on a piece of writing, music

Answer 9

mark something ↔ up phrasal verb

1 Compact discs may be marked up as much as 80%. → mark-up

2 I have to mark up the pages and send them back to the printer.

Question 10

to publicly support a particular way of doing something

Answer 10

ad‧vo‧cate 1 AC / ædvəkeɪt / verb [ I, T ]

Extremists were openly advocating violence.

advocate for American English :
Those who advocate for doctor-assisted suicide say the terminally ill should not have to suffer.

THESAURUS

recommend
to advise someone to do something, especially when you have special knowledge of a situation or subject : I would strongly recommend buying a good quality bicycle rather than a cheap one. | The report recommended stricter supervision of the trade in live animals.

tell
to tell someone that you think they should do something, especially in order to avoid problems : We’ve been told that we should start revising early. | I told you not to drink the water here.

urge
to strongly advise someone to do something because you think it is very important : Her doctor has urged her to see a specialist. | Police are urging drivers not to come into London this weekend.

advocate
to say publicly that something should be done, often something that a lot of people disagree about : In 1984, he advocated the use of force against Nicaragua. | I am surprised that dentists don’t advocate the use of fluoride tablets.

endorse
to say in an advertisement that you like a product and think that people should use it : A lot of companies use sports stars to endorse their products.

Question 11

not true, or not real SYN imaginary

Answer 11

fic‧ti‧tious / fɪktɪʃəs / adjective

a fictitious address
fictitious characters

Question 12

1 if similar things _____ , they develop in different ways and so are no longer similar

2 if opinions, interests etc _____, they are different from each other

3 if two lines or paths _____, they separate and go in different directions OPP converge

Answer 12

di‧verge / daɪvɜdʒ, də- $ -ɜrdʒ / verb [ intransitive ]

1 The two species diverged millions of years ago.
Global growth rates are diverging markedly.

2 diverge from
Here his views diverged from hers.

— divergence noun [ uncountable and countable ] :
divergence between the US and Europe

— divergent adjective :
divergent views

Question 13

1 to come from different directions and meet at the same point to become one thing OPP diverge

2 if groups of people _____ in a particular place, they come there from many different places and meet together to form a large crowd

3 if different ideas or aims _____, they become the same OPP diverge

Answer 13

con‧verge / kənvɜdʒ $ -vɜrdʒ / verb [ intransitive ]

1 The two rivers converge into one near Pittsburgh.

2 converge on
Reporters converged on the scene.

3 Cultural beliefs about the role of women converge with government policies.

— convergent adjective :
The member states should start to have more convergent policies.

Question 14

1 [ transitive ] if you _____ something that you said or agreed, you say that you did not mean it SYN withdraw

2 [ intransitive and transitive ] if part of a machine or an animal’s body _____s or is _____ed, it moves back into the main part

Answer 14

re‧tract / rɪtrækt / verb formal

1 He confessed to the murder but later retracted his statement.

2 The sea otter can retract the claws on its front feet.

Question 15

1 something you allow somebody [ countable ] something that you allow someone to have in order to end an argument or a disagreement

2 a right [ uncountable and countable ]
a special right that a particular person or group of people is allowed to have, for example by the government or an employer, or the act of giving or allowing something as a right

3 price reduction [ countable ] British English
a reduction in the price of tickets, fee s etc for certain groups of people, for example old people or children SYN reduction

4 change of behaviour [ countable ]
a change in your behaviour that you make because of a particular situation or idea

5 business [ countable ] American English
a) the right to have a business in a particular place, especially in a place owned by someone else

b) a small business that sells things in a place owned by someone else

6 things sold
_____s [ plural ] American English the things sold at a concession stand

Answer 15

con‧ces‧sion / kənseʃ ə n / noun

1 → concede

concession to

a policy of no concessions to terrorists
The British were not prepared to make any concessions .

concession on
his readiness to make concessions on many of the issues raised

concession from
We will try to force further concessions from the government.

major/important/substantial concession
The committee has won a number of major concessions from the prison authorities.

2 the ending of tax concessions for home owners
the import/export concessions that had been granted to the island

concession of
the concession of autonomy to the universities

3 To qualify for travel concessions you have to be 60.
Open daily, adults £4, concessions £2 (= people who have the right to a concession pay £2 ) .

4 He took off his jacket as a concession to the heat.
He made no concessions to fashion.

5 a) The company owns valuable logging and mining concessions.

b) Joe runs a hamburger concession in the mall.

6 things sold concessions [ plural ] American English the things sold at a concession stand

COLLOCATIONS

verbs

make a concession
The government made some concessions in order to satisfy the rebels.

offer a concession The King was prepared to offer some concessions to France.

win/obtain/gain/secure a concession In the end, the strikers returned to work having won few concessions.

extract a concession (= make someone give you one ) The Indian government was able to extract concessions on the price of oil.

adjectives

a major/important concession We made some major concessions in order to protect national security.

a significant/substantial concession Israel refused to give up Sinai without some significant concession on Egypt’s part.

a minor/small concession Washington made a few minor concessions in the climate talks.

a further concession They refused any further concessions in the argument over agricultural exports.

a military/political etc concession In the past they have tried to exchange territorial concessions for peace.

Question 16

technical

to describe the grammar of a word when it is in a particular sentence, or the grammar of the whole sentence

Answer 16

parse / pɑz $ pɑrs / verb [ transitive ]

— parser noun [ countable ]

Question 17

1 [ uncountable ] very great tiredness SYN exhaustion

2 [ uncountable ] technical
a weakness in metal or wood, caused when it is bent or stretched many times, which is likely to make it break

3 __________s [ plural ] loose-fitting army clothes

Answer 17

fa‧tigue / fətiɡ / noun

1 with fatigue
Sam’s face was grey with fatigue.

from fatigue
He’s suffering from physical and mental fatigue.

2 metal fatigue

3 fatigues [ plural ]

Question 18

if two things ___________, or if you ___________ them, they happen one after the other in a repeated pattern

Answer 18

al‧ter‧nate 2 AC / ɔltəneɪt $ ɒltər-, æl- / verb [ intransitive and transitive ]

alternate between
She alternated between outrage and sympathy.

alternate with
Periods of depression alternate with excited behavior.

alternate something and/with something
Twist your body, alternating right and left stretches.

— alternation / ɔltəneɪʃ ə n $ ɒltər-, æl- / noun [ uncountable and countable ]

Question 19

happening or coming after something else → consequent

Answer 19

sub‧se‧quent W2 AC / sʌbsəkwənt, sʌbsɪkwənt / adjective formal

These skills were passed on to subsequent generations.
subsequent pages of the book

subsequent to something
events that happened subsequent to the accident

THESAURUS

later
happening or existing at some time in the future after something or someone else :
We will discuss this at a later time. | Later historians have cast doubt on the truth of his story. | They say that they may need to review the case at a later stage.

following
happening or coming immediately after something – used about periods of time, or parts of a piece of writing :
He resigned the following year. | The following day he was back to normal. | Gandhi ‘s attitude to religion is dealt with in the following chapter.

future
likely to happen or exist at some time in the future : What influence will this have on future developments?

subsequent formal
happening or coming at some time after something else :
a subsequent decision by the Supreme Court | Subsequent events proved him wrong. | In subsequent years, the number of patients became smaller and smaller.

succeeding
coming after someone or something else - used about a series of groups of people, periods of time, or parts of a book :
His work was admired by succeeding generations. | Over the succeeding months, the stitches were carefully removed. | These problems are further discussed in the succeeding chapters.

Question 20

1 to direct attention to someone or something SYN highlight

2 to shine a strong beam of light on something

Answer 20

spotlight 2 verb ( past tense and past participle spotlighted or spotlit ) [ transitive ]

1 The article spotlights the problems of the homeless.

2 She walked out onto the spotlit stage.

Question 21

1 [ intransitive and transitive ] to show or prove that something is true SYN testify

2 [ transitive ] to officially state that you believe something is true, especially in a court of law SYN testify

Answer 21

at‧test / ətest / verb formal

1 attest to
Luxurious furnishings attested to the wealth of the owner.

Question 22

good at something that needs care and skill SYN skilful

Answer 22

ad‧ept / ædept, ədept $ ədept / adjective

adept at
Melissa quickly became adept at predicting his moods.

adept in
Silas proved adept in the art of avoiding potholes in the road.
I’m afraid she’s also an adept liar.

— adept / ædept / noun [ countable ] :
a form of kung fu practiced by only a handful of adepts

— adeptly adverb

Question 23

formal

to prevent something or make something impossible

Answer 23

pre‧clude / prɪklud / verb [ transitive ]

rules that preclude experimentation in teaching methods

preclude somebody from doing something
Age alone will not preclude him from standing as a candidate.

Question 24

formal
____ to something
very similar to something

Answer 24

a‧kin / əkɪn / adjective formal
akin to something
Something akin to panic overwhelmed him.

Question 25

especially American English

the positive part of a situation that is generally bad OPP downside

Answer 25

up‧side 1 / ʌpsaɪd / noun [ singular ]

The upside of the whole thing is that we got a free trip to Jamaica.

Question 26

clearly separate

Answer 26

di‧screte AC / dɪskrit / adjective

The change happens in a series of discrete steps.

— discretely adverb
— discreteness noun [ uncountable ]

Question 27

1 horse [ intransitive ]
if a horse _____s, it kicks its back feet into the air, or jumps with all four feet off the ground

2 move suddenly [ intransitive ]
to suddenly move up and down, or backwards and forwards, in an uncontrolled way

3 oppose [ transitive ]
to oppose something in a direct way

4 make somebody happier [ transitive ]
to make someone feel more happy, confident, or healthy

_____ ___ something phrasal verb
to try very hard to get something, especially a good position at work

____ __ phrasal verb
1 to become happier, or to make someone happier

2 ____ __! British English old-fashioned
used to tell someone to hurry up

3 informal
to improve, or to make something improve

4 ____ your ideas up British English informal
used to tell someone to improve their behaviour or attitude

Answer 27

buck 2 verb

2 The plane bucked sharply.

3 He was a rebel who bucked the system (= opposed rules or authority ) .
Unemployment in the area has bucked the trend by falling over the last month.

buck against
Initially, he had bucked against her restraints.

4 He was bucked by the success he’d had.
She gave me a tonic which bucked me a little.

buck for something phrasal verb
He’s bucking for promotion.

buck up phrasal verb

1 Come on, buck up, things aren’t that bad!

buck somebody ↔ up
You need something to buck you up.

2 buck up! British English old-fashioned
Buck up, John! We’ll be late.

3 informal
It’ll be a long time before the situation starts to buck up.

buck something ↔ up
a company that is looking to buck up its networking capabilities

4 buck your ideas up British English informal

Question 28

to worry about something, especially when there is no need

Answer 28

fret 1 / fret / verb ( past tense and past participle fretted , present participle fretting ) [ intransitive ]

Don’t fret – everything will be all right.

fret about/over
She’s always fretting about the children.

fret that
men of fifty, fretting that they’re no longer young

Question 29

1 calculate [ transitive ]
to calculate what something will be in the future, using the information you have now

2 stick out [ intransitive ]
to stick out beyond an edge or surface SYN protrude

3 film [ transitive ]
to make the picture of a film, photograph etc appear in a larger form on a screen or flat surface

4 yourself [ transitive ]
to try to make other people have a particular idea about you

5 plan
be _______ed
to be planned to happen in the future

6 ___________ your voice
to speak clearly and loudly so that you can be heard by everyone in a big room

7 send [ transitive ]
to make something move up or forwards with great force

8 success [ transitive ]
to make someone quickly have success or a much better job

9 feeling [ transitive ]
to imagine that someone else is feeling the same emotions as you

Answer 29

pro‧ject 2 AC / prədʒekt / verb

1 The company projected an annual growth rate of 3%.
projected sales figures

be projected to do something
Total expenditure is projected to rise by 25%.

2 project out/from/through etc
Four towers projected from the main building.
projecting teeth

3 project something onto something
She projected the slide onto the wall.

4 I hope the team will project a smart professional image .

project yourself (as something) 
his attempts to project himself as a potential leader 

5 the projected closure of the hospital

6 project your voice

7 The plant projects its seeds over a wide area.

8 project somebody into/onto etc something
His success projected him onto Channel 4‘s comedy series ’Packet of Three’.

9 project something on/onto somebody
You’re projecting your insecurity onto me.

Question 30

the process or a system of organizing things into different groups that show their natural relationships, especially plants or animals

Answer 30

tax‧on‧o‧my / tæksɒnəmi $ -sɑ- / noun ( plural taxonomies ) [ uncountable and countable ]

— taxonomist noun [ countable ]

Question 31

1 to cover a distance in a particular time, or to reach a particular speed in a race

2 to measure or record the time or speed that someone or something is travelling at
_________ somebody at/doing something

3 British English informal
to notice someone or something, or to look at them carefully

4 British English
to reduce the number of miles or kilometres shown on the instrument in a car that says how far it has gone, in order to sell the car for more money

_________ in/on phrasal verb especially British English
to record on a special card the time you arrive at or begin work SYN punch in American English :

_______ off phrasal verb British English
1 informal to leave work at the end of the day

2 to record on a special card the time you stop or leave work

__________ out phrasal verb especially British English
to record on a special card the time you stop or leave work SYN punch out American English

__________ up something phrasal verb
to reach or achieve a particular number or amount

Answer 31

clock 2 verb [ transitive ]

1 Karen won in the 300 metres, clocking 42.9 seconds.
the first steam engine to clock 100 miles an hour

2 clock somebody at/doing something
The police clocked him doing between 100 and 110 miles per hour.

3 Did you clock the bloke by the door?

4 He knew the car had been clocked, but he couldn’t prove it.

clock in/on phrasal verb especially British English
I clock on at 8:30.

clock off phrasal verb British English
1 informal
What time do you clock off?

2 By 6 p.m. most workers have clocked off.

clock out phrasal verb especially British English

clock up something phrasal verb

The Dodgers have clocked up six wins in a row.
I clocked up 90,000 miles in my Ford.
Councillor Scott has clocked up more than 25 years on the borough council.

Question 32

phrasal verb

1 _______ something ↔ ___
to increase the amount of an activity or the speed of a process in order to improve a situation

2 ( also _____ ___ to the plate ) especially American English
to agree to help someone or to be responsible for doing something

Answer 32

step up phrasal verb

1 step something ↔ up
The health department is stepping up efforts to reduce teenage smoking.
stepped-up security at airports

2 ( also step up to the plate ) especially American English
Residents will have to step up if they want to rid this area of crime.

Question 33

verb

1 [ intransitive, transitive usually passive ]
to put something firmly and deeply into something else, or to be put into something in this way

2 [ transitive usually passive ]
if ideas, attitudes, or feelings etc are __________ed, you believe or feel them very strongly

3 [ transitive ] to put something such as a graphic into a computer program or page on the Internet

Answer 33

em‧bed 1 / ɪmbed / verb ( past tense and past participle embedded , present participle embedding )

1 be embedded in something
A piece of glass was embedded in her hand.

2 Feelings of guilt are deeply embedded in her personality.

Question 34

phrasal verb

1 to make something bad or unpleasant happen SYN cause

2 to help someone to improve or make progress

3 to make plants or crops grow faster

4 _______ it ___ informal
used to say that you are prepared and willing to deal with something bad that is likely to happen

Answer 34

bring something ↔ on phrasal verb

1 Stress can bring on an asthma attack.
What’s brought this on? Have I upset you somehow?

2 Teachers have to bring on the bright children and at the same time give extra help to those who need it.

3Keeping the young plants in a greenhouse will help bring them on.

4 bring it on informal

Question 35

to force or persuade someone to do something without giving them enough time to think about it

Answer 35

railroad 2 verb [ transitive ]

railroad somebody into doing something

The workers were railroaded into signing the agreement.

Question 36

noun [ singular, uncountable ]

sudden noisy activity

Answer 36

com‧mo‧tion / kəməʊʃ ə n $ -moʊ- / noun [ singular, uncountable ]

They heard a commotion downstairs.
Everyone looked to see what was causing the commotion .

THESAURUS

noise
a loud sound, especially an unpleasant one :
Traffic noise is a problem in inner-city areas. | Why is the washing machine making so much noise?

racket/din
a loud unpleasant noise, especially one that annoys you. Racket is more informal than din :
I wish those kids would stop making such a racket. | I shouted to make myself heard above the din of the crowd. | the din of battle

row British English
a very loud unpleasant noise, especially one that continues for a long time :
the deafening row of the loudspeakers

roar
a loud noise that continues for a long time – used about the noise from an engine, the traffic, a crowd, the sea, or the wind :
She heard the roar of a motorbike behind her. | the roar of the waves breaking on the beach | the roar of the crowd at the Blue Jays baseball game

hubbub especially written
the unclear sound of a lot of people talking and moving around in a place :
It’s a wonderful place to escape from the hubbub of London’s busy streets. | His voice rose above the hubbub.

commotion especially written
a noise made by people arguing or fighting :
There was a big commotion going on outside the building. | He went downstairs to find out what was causing the commotion.

clamour British English , clamor American English literary
a loud noise made by a group of people or things all making a noise at the same time :
They heard the clamour of angry voices. | the clamor of the rain on the roof | the clamour of typewriters | the clamour of the birds

Question 37

British English informal

unnecessary noise and activity SYN fuss

Answer 37

ker‧fuf‧fle / kəfʌf ə l $ kər- / noun [ singular ]

Question 38

_______ something ↔ _____ phrasal verb

to plan carefully how something will happen :

Answer 38

map something ↔ out phrasal verb

Her own future had been mapped out for her by wealthy and adoring parents.

Question 39

phrasal verb

1 to get a better job in a company, or change to a more advanced group, higher rank, or higher level

2 especially British English
to change position in order to make more space for other people or things or be near someone else

Answer 39

move up phrasal verb

1To move up, you’ll need the right training.
Share prices moved up this month.

move up to
The kids learn fast, and can’t wait to move up to the junior team.

He was moving up the ladder (= getting higher and higher positions ) , getting experience of command.

He’s moved up in the world (= got a better job or social position ) in the last few years, and his new flat shows it.

2 There’s room for one more if everyone moves up a bit.

Question 40

to reinvent the _______

Answer 40

wheel

There’s no need to reinvent the wheel.

Question 41

formal

to do something that is against the rules of social behaviour or against a moral principle

Answer 41

trans‧gress / trænzɡres $ træns- / verb [ intransitive and transitive ] formal

Orton’s plays transgress accepted social norms.

— transgressor noun [ countable ]
— transgression / -ɡreʃ ə n / noun [ uncountable and countable ]

Question 42

looking disappointed and upset SYN downcast

Answer 42

crest‧fal‧len / krestfɔlən $ -fɒl- / adjective

He came back looking crestfallen .

THESAURUS
very disappointed

gutted [ not before noun ] British English informal extremely disappointed, especially because you were unsuccessful :
I was gutted when we lost the game.

crestfallen literary
looking very disappointed and sad, especially when you suddenly realise that something you want cannot happen :
Gary looked crestfallen as they calculated how much money they would need. | a crestfallen look

Question 43

1 fish
to catch a fish with a _______

2 fasten [ always + adverb/preposition ]
to fasten or hang something onto something else

3 bend your finger/arm etc [ always + adverb/preposition ]
to bend your finger, arm, or leg, especially so that you can pull or hold something else

4 interest/attract informal
to succeed in making someone interested in something or attracted to something

5 electronic equipment [ always + adverb/preposition ] ( also hook up )
to connect a piece of electronic equipment to another piece of equipment or to an electricity supply → _______-up

6 ball to throw or kick a ball so that it moves in a curve

_______ ___ ____ somebody/something phrasal verb especially American English informal
1
a) to start having a sexual relationship with someone

b) to meet someone and become friendly with them SYN meet up with
c) to agree to work together with another organization for a particular purpose

2 _______ somebody ___ ____ something
to help someone get something that they need or want SYN fix up with

Answer 43

hook 2 S3 verb [ transitive ]

1 I hooked a 20-pound salmon last week.

2hook something onto/to something
Just hook the bucket onto the rope and lower it down.

3 Ruth hooked her arm through Tony’s.
He tried to hook his leg over the branch.

4 cigarette ads designed to hook young people

5 We’ve got a CD player, but it’s not hooked up yet.
hook something together
Computers from different manufacturers can often be hooked together.

hook up with somebody/something phrasal verb especially American English informal
1
b)
Did you ever hook up with Maisy while you were there?

2 hook somebody up with something
Do you think you can hook me up with some tickets for tonight?

Question 44

One of the ways that we _______ students _____ STEM subjects is by simple use of a positive note home.

Answer 44

One of the ways that we hook students into STEM subjects is by simple use of a positive note home.

Question 45

1 to set prices, wages etc at a particular level, or set them in relation to something else

2 to fasten something somewhere with a peg

_______ somebody/something _____ something phrasal verb
to believe or say that someone has a particular type of character, or that a situation has particular qualities

_____ _____ phrasal verb British English informal
to work hard and with determination

_______ somebody/something ↔ _____ phrasal verb British English
to stop someone from winning in a sport or from increasing the amount by which they are winning – used in news reports

_____ _____ phrasal verb
1 British English informal to die, or to fall down because you are tired

2 _______ something ↔ _____ British English
to fasten wet clothes to a washing line to dry

3 _______ something ↔ _____
to mark a piece of ground with wooden sticks

Answer 45

peg 2 verb ( past tense and past participle pegged , present participle pegging ) [ transitive ]

1 peg something at something
The dividend was pegged at 6.1p.

peg something to something
a currency pegged to the American dollar

2 The tent flap was pegged open.
Outside, a woman was pegging sheets to a washing line.

peg somebody/something as something phrasal verb
I’d had him pegged as a troublemaker.

peg away phrasal verb British English informal

peg away at
She pegged away at her essay.

peg somebody/something ↔ back phrasal verb British English

They were pegged back by an equaliser from Jameson.

peg out phrasal verb
1 British English informal to die, or to fall down because you are tired
2 peg something ↔ out British English to fasten wet clothes to a washing line to dry
3 peg something ↔ out to mark a piece of ground with wooden sticks

Question 46

1 formal to gather information together, examine it carefully, and compare it with other information to find any differences

2 to arrange sheets of paper in the correct order SYN sort

Answer 46

col‧late / kəleɪt / verb [ transitive ]

1 formal
collate information/results/data/figures
A computer system is used to collate information from across Britain.

— collation / kəleɪʃ ə n / noun [ uncountable ]

Question 47

1 [ uncountable and countable ] a piece of equipment that uses radio waves to find the position of things and watch their movement → sonar

2 on somebody’s/the ________ (screen)
if something is on your _________ , you have noticed it and are giving it some attention

3 fly/slip under somebody’s/the ______
to not be noticed by someone

Answer 47

ra‧dar / reɪdɑ $ -ɑr / noun

1 The coastline can now be monitored by radar.

We could see the plane quite clearly on the radar screen.

2 on somebody’s/the radar (screen)
This is one of the issues on our radar.

3 fly/slip under somebody’s/the radar

How did this band slip under the radar?

Question 48

1 shape or line
a shape like a curve or a circle made by a line curving back towards itself, or a piece of wire, string etc that has this shape

2 computer
a set of operations in a computer program that are continuously repeated

3 film/music
a film or music ________ contains images or sounds that are continuously repeated

4 be in the _______ /be out of the _____ informal
to be or not be part of a group of people who make important decisions

5 knock/throw somebody for a ______- American English informal
to surprise and upset someone

6 road/railway British English
a road or railway line that leaves the main road or track and then joins it again further on

Answer 48

loop 1 / lup / noun [ countable ]

1 loop of wire/rope/string etc

A loop of wire held the gate shut.

belt loop (= a loop of material for holding a belt on trousers etc )

4 be in the loop/be out of the loop informal

5 knock/throw somebody for a loop American English informal

Question 49

1 if your eyes _________ with tears, or if tears _________ from your eyes, you start to cry

2 be _________ing (over) with something
to have a lot of a particular thing, quality, or emotion

Answer 49

brim 2 verb ( past tense and past participle brimmed , present participle brimming ) [ intransitive ]

1
brim with
Her eyes brimmed with tears.
Her tears brimmed over again as she started to speak.

2 be brimming (over) with something

The flowerbeds were brimming over with flowers.
He seemed to be brimming with confidence .
Rob was just brimming with enthusiasm.

Question 50

1 _____________s[ plural ]
more soldiers, police etc who are sent to a battle, fight etc to make their group stronger

2 positive/negative _____________
positive _____________ is when you give someone praise or rewards for their behaviour or work, so they want to continue doing well.
Negative _____________ is when you give someone punishments or criticism when their behaviour or work is bad, so that they want to improve to avoid punishments again

3 [ uncountable ] the act of making something stronger

Answer 50

re‧in‧force‧ment AC / riɪnfɔsmənt $ -fɔrs- / noun

1 reinforcements [ plural ]
The police called for reinforcements .

2 positive/negative reinforcement
We need to give students plenty of positive reinforcement .

3 The bridge needs some structural reinforcement.

Question 51

1 [ countable ] a message sent between military or government officials

2 [ countable ] a report sent to a newspaper from one of its writers who is in another town or country

3 [ singular ] the act of sending people or things to a particular place

4 with __________ formal
if you do something with __________ , you do it well and quickly

Answer 51

dispatch 2 , despatch noun

1 a dispatch from headquarters

3 the dispatch of warships to the region

4 with dispatch formal
→ mentioned in dispatches at mention 1 ( 4 )

Question 52

British English

to have your name on an official list of people who have been brave in battle, as an honour

Answer 52

be mentioned in dispatches

Question 53

verb [ transitive ]

1 to make something such as a business, organization etc work more simply and effectively

2 to form something into a smooth shape, so that it moves easily through the air or water

Answer 53

stream‧line / strimlaɪn /

1) efforts to streamline the production process
2) All these new cars have been streamlined.

— streamlined adjective

Question 54

2 to make a plan or idea happen

Answer 54

put/bring something into effect

It won’t be easy to put the changes into effect.

Question 55

to make a _______ effort

Answer 55

considerable

Question 56

to keep costs within the _____ limits

Answer 56

agreed

Question 57

to _____ some reorganisation

Answer 57

undergo

Question 58

______ a consequence

Answer 58

as

Question 59

to make an extra effort ____ something

Answer 59

with

Question 60

formal instead of

Answer 60

lieu  / lju, lu  $  lu /   noun 
 in lieu (of something)

extra time off in lieu of payment

Question 61

to be on duty ____ customer service desk

Answer 61

on

Question 62

British English a list that shows when each person in a group must do a particular job SYN roster

Answer 62

ro‧ta / rəʊtə $ roʊ- / noun [ countable ]

a cleaning rota

Question 63

a question that you ask to get information, or to check that something is true or correct

Answer 63

que‧ry 1 / kwɪəri $ kwɪri / noun ( plural queries ) [ countable ]

query about

Give us a ring if you have any queries about the contract.
Staff are always available to answer your queries .

THESAURUS

question something that you ask someone, either when speaking or when writing : Would anyone like to ask any questions? | I’ve emailed the hotel with one or two questions.
query / kwɪəri $ kwɪri / especially British English a question that you ask when you are not sure you have understood something or that the information you have is correct : If you have any queries, please contact your travel agent. | Our staff are always available to answer customers’ queries.
inquiry ( also enquiry especially British English ) / ɪnkwaɪəri $ ɪnkwaɪri, ɪŋkwəri / a question you ask in order to get information or find out the details about something : We’ve advertised the house, and we’ve already received lots of enquiries. | The police have been making some inquiries in the area.
request a polite or formal question asking for something that you want or need : The bank said ‘no’ to our request for more money. | You must make your request in writing.

Question 64

1 attention [ uncountable ] when you ___________ or pay attention to someone or something

2 on paper [ countable ] a written or printed statement that gives information or a warning to people → sign

3 time to prepare [ uncountable ] information or a warning about something that is going to happen → warning

4 until further __________ from now until another change is announced

5 hand in your ______ /give (your) _______
to tell your employer that you will be leaving your job soon SYN resign

6 at short _________ British English , on short _________ American English
if you do something at short ________ , you do not have very much time to prepare for it

7 book/play etc [ countable usually plural ]
a statement of opinion, especially one written for a newspaper or magazine, about a new play, book, film etc SYN review

Answer 64

notice 2 S2 W2 noun

1) I waved but they took no notice .
not take any/much notice (of something)
I did not take much notice of her suggestions.
I hope you’ll take notice of what I’m going to tell you.
This problem may have escaped your notice so far (= you may not have noticed it ) .
This never came to my notice (= I never knew about this ) .
There are several important matters that I’d like to bring to your notice (= that I would like you to know about ) .

2) The notice on the wall said ‘No smoking’.
I’ll put up a notice about the meeting.

3) without notice
These rules are subject to change without notice.
sufficient/reasonable notice
They didn’t give me sufficient notice .
advance/prior notice
When you’re on the mailing list, you’ll receive advance notice of upcoming events.
ten days’/three months’ etc notice (= a warning ten days etc before )
They closed the factory, giving the workers only a week’s notice.
Firefighters were prepared to rush out at a moment’s notice .
notice of
his failure to give notice of his intention to alter the property
notice to do something
I’ve been given notice to quit my flat (= I have been told that I must leave by a certain date ) .
Union members served strike notice (= warned that they would go on strike ) late last night.

4) The office is closed until further notice.
5) Jim gave notice on Thursday.

6) The trip was planned on short notice.
Thanks for agreeing to see me at such short notice.
a cancellation at very short notice

7) The new play got mixed notices (= some good, some bad ) in the newspapers.
→ sit up (and take notice) at sit up ( 5 )

COLLOCATIONS

verbs
take notice (= pay attention to something ) I began to take notice when the subject of money came up.
take no notice/not take any notice (= ignore something or someone ) The other passengers took no notice of what was happening.
come to sb’s notice (= be noticed by someone ) This problem first came to our notice last summer.
escape sb’s notice (= not be noticed by someone ) It had not escaped his notice that Phil seemed interested in Jean.
bring something to sb’s notice (= tell someone about something ) It has been brought to my notice that employees are smoking in the restrooms.
attract notice (= be noticed by other people ) She didn’t want to attract notice, so she dressed very plainly.

COLLOCATIONS

verbs 
give notice   To withdraw money from this type of savings account, you must give the bank 30 days’ notice. 
serve notice   formal  (= warn someone about something )   They have served notice that they intend to take legal action against the company. 
have/receive notice   If I’d had more notice, I could have done a better job. 
need notice  ( also   require notice   formal )   The company requires a month’s notice of any holiday time you would like to take. 

adjectives
advance notice ( also prior notice formal ) (= given before an event ) We had no advance notice of the attack.
reasonable notice (= an amount that is considered to be fair to everyone ) Did you receive reasonable notice of the court case?
ten days’/three months’/five minutes’ etc notice His contract said he must give three months’ notice if he decides to leave the job.
no notice We received no notice of the changes.

phrases
at short notice (= without much time to prepare ) Thank you for coming to help at such short notice.
at a moment’s notice (= very quickly ) He’d be ready to leave at a moment’s notice.
without notice Trains may be cancelled without notice.
until further notice (= from now until you are told something else ) On the door was a sign: ‘Library closed until further notice’.
notice to quit British English (= a warning that you must leave the house or flat where you live by a particular date ) The new owner gave all the tenants notice to quit.

Question 65

on an informal _______

Answer 65

basis