Flashcards in Words and Their Use Deck (41)
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1
word choice
diction
2
the ordering of words for a sentence; describes sentence structure
syntax
3
manner of expression; describes how author uses language to get his or her point across (e.g. pedantic, scientific, emotive)
style
4
attitude, mood, or sentiments revealed by the style; describes how author seems to be feeling (e.g. optimistic, ironic, playful
tone
5
stance revealed by the style and tone of the writing; expresses author's position on topic discussed; could be as simple as "1st person narrator"
point of view
6
art of speaking or writing effectively; stylistic devices used to appeal successfully to a specific audience; persuasive in nature
rhetoric
7
speech or writing that departs from literal meaning to achieve a special effect or meaning
figurative language
8
a classical appeal to reason and logic; provides objective evidence, hard facts, statistics, or logical strategies (like cause and effect) to back up a claim
logos
9
a classical appeal to speaker's credibility; whether author is to be believed on basis of character and expertise; ethics
ethos
10
classical appeal to emotions, values, or desires of the audience; root of what means suffering from inferiority
pathos
11
figurative language used to convey a sensory (visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile, gustatory) perception; synonymous with figurative language
imagery
12
overstatement or exaggeration; use of figurative language that significantly exaggerates the facts for effect; often employed for comic effect
hyperbole
13
figurative language that presents the facts in a way that makes them appear much less significant than they really are; almost always used for comic effect
understatement
14
comparison between two unlike objects, in which the two parts are connected with a term such as like or as
simile
15
a simile without a connecting term such as like or as
metaphor
16
a metaphor that lasts for longer than just one phrase or sentence
extended metaphor
17
word that represents something other than itself; meant to conjure up an another object or element
symbol
18
a word's primary or literal significance
denotation
19
refers to the vast range of other meanings that a word suggests; context and author's intent helps determine the appropriate version
connotation
20
an apparent contradiction of terms; almost always involve only brief phrases
oxymoron
21
an apparent contradiction of ideas or statements; involves situations in longer phrases
paradox
22
figurative device in which inanimate objects or concepts are given human qualities
personification
23
specific type of personification wherein animals are given human qualities (think of Aesop's fables)
anthropomorphism
24
a question whose answer is obvious; types of questions that don't need to be answered and usually aren't; attempt to prove something without actually presenting an argument; sometimes used as form of irony
rhetorical question
25
language that is overly rhetorical (pompous) especially when considered in context; often used by pedantic people (ostentatious learning users)
bombast
26
a play on words; plays on the multiple meanings of a word or replaces one word with another that is similar in sound but very different in meaning; almost always used for comedic effect
pun
27
use of figurative language where one term is substituted for another term with which it is associated
metonymy
28
form of metonymy that's restricted to cases where a part is used to signify the whole
synecdoche
29
a general idea contained in a text; either stated explicitly or only suggested; idea that is developed throughout the text
theme
30
a concise, forcefully expressive statement of an opinion or a general truth
aphorism
31
the unintentional use of a word that resemble the word intended but has a very different meaning
malapropism
32
talking around a subject or talking around a word
circumlocution
33
word or words that are used to avoid employing an unpleasant or offensive term
euphemism
34
the process of stating something but meaning the opposite of what is stated
verbal irony
35
a set of circumstances that wind up the opposite of how the reader would expect them to turn out or how the characters had planned
irony
36
verbal irony used with the intent to injure
sarcasm
37
a situation that runs contrary to what was expected
situational irony
38
when something is portrayed in a way that's deliberately distorted to achieve comic effect; a critique of what is being mocked; a social or political criticism that relies heavily on irony, sarcasm, and often humor
satire
39
imitation for comic effect
parody
40
sharp ridicule of the behavior or character of a person or institution
lampoon
41
