workers synthesis 2 Flashcards
(27 cards)
1869 KOL
union solidarity - formation of inclusive and radical union, however limited due to support of chinese exclusion act 1882
somewhat contrasts racial exclusion whcih took place in CIO after 1949 purge
president hays
animosity towards unions - great railway strike 1877 use of rederal troops + rejection of right to strike/ bargain set precident for employers as seen at Pullman —–> similar to reagan at PATCO, different to Nixon and postal workers// JFK executive order
1877 railroad strike
attitude of federal government similar to at PATCO 1981
union inclusion - racial animosity similar to 1919 steel strikes
1886 AFL
power and influence - influential throughout period - buisness unionism, 85% of union workers after merger
exclusion - excluded all but white skilled workers contrasting radical unions, KOL, CIO
haymarket affair 1886
lack of union solidarity with the strike similar to at 1892 homestead strike, PATCO strike
state government response similar to sugar cane strike 1887, phelps dodge strike 1983 // different to at 1902 coal strike, GM sitdown strike
louisiana sugar cane strike 1887
employer attitudes similar to at pullam strike – contiuation
long term impact on lack of unionisation of african americans// racial minoritoes - further discouraged from unionising, similar to at 1919 steelwork strikes
homestead strike 1892
employer violence to break strike - similar to GM strike 1936 however federal attitude different - use of state militia to break vs to support union
AFL refusal to boycott similar to lack of solidarity with PATCO strikers
attitude of employers - had built supplies of steel to break strike, similar to phelps dodge 1983 - continued production in copper plant
president cleaveland
continuation of hostility of hays
long term impact of response to steel workers strike 1919
pullman strike 1894
attitude of fed gov - use of legislation to back employers – different to attitude at 1934 strikes
also similar with right to strike
A Phillip Randolph
founded brotherhood of sleeping car porters - first black led union to be affiliate with AFL - increased solidarity and inclusion
different to attitude of unions at railroad strikes and 1919 steal workers
theodor roosavelt
didnt enforce right to collective bargaining - different to roosavelt and wagner
however maintained neutrality at 1902 coal strike - different to Hays and Reagan
1902 coal strike
federal government - response of neutrality similar to NWLB est. WW1 - federal government promoting neutral mediation
right to collective bargaining - employers forced to mediate with union, similar to NWLB, NLB
IWW
100,000 members by 1923 but shut down due to militancy - similar to KOL and red scare, CIO purge etc
president wilson
creation of NWLB but ended in 1918 - rights to collective bargaining, limited right to strike similar to response at 1902 coal strike
short term nature of NWLB is similar to short term help of Wagner act - limited by 1947 taft hartley
hitchman case 1917
government aproval of yellow dog contracts + supreme court legalises injunctions to enforce them
similar to 1895 in re debs with injunctions
short term due to new deal however did hinder union growth
welfare capitalism
short term - inhibited by NIRA + Wagner act in new deal
union power and influence - similar employer reaction at Louisiana Sugar cane strike 1887 - action to discourage unionisation
also similar to lack of unionism after de-industrialisation due to shrinking working class
FDR + New deal
union solidarity - exclusion of union rights to acricultural and domestic workers - contrasts w/ Kennedy - executive order in 1962
right to collective bargaining - different to Grant, and Truman (taft hartley)
1934 strikes
federal government
willingness to impliment pro union legilsation contrasts response to 1894 pullman strikes with in re debs
CIO 1935
3.5 mill members by 1940 - inclusion of african americans and women but hindered then more by taft hartley
limited also by purge in 1949 - lost 1/3 membership and 10 communist unions
GM sit down strike 1936
Attitudes of employers
- Use of violence against strikers is similar to the use of violence in the Louisiana sugar cane strike 1887
Differing federal attitude between sugar strike and GM sit down led to differing outcome
taft hartley 1947
Attitude of federal government
- Reduction of pro - union legislation contrasts the implimentation of workers rights into new deal legislation
Right to strike
- Imposed legislation which limited right to strike, different from Wagner which recognised right to strike
Also right to collective bargaining
AFL - CIO merger 1953
represented 85% of unionised workforce and now 35% of workforce unionised
increased internal solidarity between unions however reduced radicalism
important for the UFW
president JFK
execitive order 1962 - collective bargaining for public sector workers but not right to strike – different from FDR and new deal, different from Nixon and postal workers strike 1970
UFW 1966
part of AFL - CIO solidarity
localised impact just in california compared to large scale impact of 1934 strikes
focus on achieving rights for minority workers is similar to work of A phillip randolph, different to exclusion
