World War 1

Question 1

“The war to end all wars” 32 nations

The Great War

Answer 1

World War One

Question 2

How many nations were in the world war?

Answer 2

32

Question 3

What were the four major causes of World War One

Answer 3

1. ) rise of nationalism: deep devotion to ones country that creates a desire for self rule.
2. )imperialism: (colonial conquest) created rivalries between nations of power.
3. ) militarism: (glorification of war) created an arms race or a military build up of forces and weapons.
4. ) alliance system: (military allies) created a world conflict out of a minor incident

Question 4

What was the purpose of the alliance system.

Answer 4

The purpose of the alliance system had been to create a balance of power* throughout Europe - they believed this would help to prevent war! - FAILED

Question 5

Who came up with the alliance system?

Answer 5

Otto von Bismarck (was in Germany) created the alliance system

Question 6

Name the major alliances

Answer 6

Triple alliance: empire of Germany, empire of Austria-Hungary , country of Italy

Triple entente: made up of Great Britain, France, and Russia

Question 7

Most of the countries were ruled by _____ who were __________

Answer 7

Kings, related

Ww1 was a bug family feud.

Question 8

What was the powder keg of Europe

Answer 8

Ready to explode, was the Balkan Peninsula

Question 9

Who lived in the balkans?

Answer 9

Were made up of mostly Slavic peoples who wanted their independence. They were controlled for centuries by the ottoman Turks.

Question 10

What happened to the Turks in 1900

Answer 10

Eventually the Turks were driven out by the Austria-Hungarian empire. Promoted freedom, but did not deliver.

Question 11

What was the nationalist movement

Answer 11

Was created to bring independence to the region, - the movement was called pan-slavism- goal was to create a large Slavic state (country) called Yugoslavia.

The tiny independent country of Serbia led out in this movement.

Question 12

What is the incident that sparked the war?

Answer 12

The archduke of Austria-Hungary, Franz Ferdinand, and his wife, Sophie, * visit Sarajevo for a “goodwill tour” to open a new hospital.

Sent by his uncle - franz Joseph (king of Austria-Hungary)

Birth the archduke and his wife are assasinated by a Serbian terrorist group known as the black hand.

Question 13

Who was gavrilo princep

Answer 13

The Assassin who killed Franz and Sophie

Question 14

What does Austria Hungary give Serbia?

Answer 14

Gives them an ultimatum! Does this or else war

Serbia has a powerful ally - Russia

They refuse ultimatum

The alliance system kicks in and a minor incident becomes the Great War

Question 15

What is mobilization

Answer 15

Countries begin preparing for the war

Question 16

What is propaganda.

How was it used (3 things)

Answer 16

Propaganda is information used to influence public opinion

Used:

1. )recruitment of men
2. )promote patriotism at home
3. ) make enemy look evil

Question 17

What does balligerants mean?

What were they?

Answer 17

The warring sides.

Allied forces,

Central powers

Question 18

Name the allied forces

Answer 18

Great Britain
Russia
France
Later the USA

Question 19

Name the central powers

Answer 19

Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman tusks

Major players.

Question 20

What was the schlieffen plan

Answer 20

Alfred von schlieffen

German plan of attack was to attack France through neutral Belgium

Question 21

What was the first battle of the war?

Answer 21

Was the battle of the Marne - German tempt to capture Paris! - it failed

Question 22

The war was fought on two major fronts. What were they and describe them

Answer 22

1.) western front
Extended from the North Sea to Switzerland (500 miles) - between the borders of France and Germany.

2.) eastern front - extended from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea, (1000) miles - between the borders of Russia and Germany/Austria-Hungary

Question 23

Trench warfare

Answer 23

Yep

Question 24

What was the area between the trenches.

Two ways that it was called

Answer 24

No mans land

Terrain of death.

Question 25

After the first year of the war the war turned into a:

Answer 25

The war turned in to a bloody stalemate. Neither side could win!

Question 26

Examples of the symbolized the heroes of trench warfare Describe the battle of the Somme Describe the battle of verdin

Answer 26

Over 1.2 million casualties and gained about 7 miles of turf! Verdin: Largest and longest battle of ww1 - over 1.25 million casualties.

Question 27

What caused the slaughter of World War One

Answer 27

1. ) outdated tactics | 2. ) new modern weapons.

Question 28

World War One turns into a war of ——- What does that mean?

Answer 28

War of attrition Goal was to wear the other side out.

Question 29

Why so many,casualties?

Answer 29

The industrial revolution had created new modern deadly weapons! 1. ) machine gun - most deadly 2. ) artillery — launch exploding shells over 10 miles 3. ) poison gas - “mustard gas” 4. ) tanks 5. ) flame throwers 6. ) zeppelins - “blimps” 7. ) airplanes - knights of the sky, housing in the sky! “Dogfights” aerial combat - manfred. Von Richthofen - “Red Baron” had eighty confirmed kills. - eddie rickenbacker - top American ace from Columbus Ohio - 26 kills. - flying was so dangerous. Called themselves the “suicide club” Life expectancy was 14 days. 75% death rate. 15 out of the top 20 aces in World War One died in combat. 8.) submarines (u boats) - “unterwasser boot” -mainly used by the Germans - used to sink supply ships.

Question 30

Nicknames for all of the soldiers

Answer 30

``` Germans = Huns British = tommy French = frogs Americans = doughboys ```

Question 31

By the end of 1916, the Russian army was on the verge of what Why? Casualty rate

Answer 31

Collapse. Because of the lack of supplies, was a major problem! 76% casualty rate

Question 32

Who was the Russian czar? What did he ask for?

Answer 32

Nicolas II He asked the allies for help.(British) This opened the Gallipoli campaign

Question 33

Describe the Gallipoli campaign Why did the British decide to help Russia? What was the result?

Answer 33

* british attempt to rescue Russia. * a Two front war kept the German army split over two years It failed miserably

Question 34

Who do the Bolsheviks get to support them in Russia?

Answer 34

The common peasants

Question 35

Who were the bolsheviks

Answer 35

Small group, promises that will pull out of war and free bread and land. Russia was near collapse, tired of the war casualties, famine, etc. Led by Vladimir Lenin - overthrew and kill the czar and his family The Bolsheviks pull Russia out of the war

Question 36

Why was Russia leaving the war bad for the allies? | What happened to counter balance this?

Answer 36

Germany can now concentrate all its forces on the western front USA joins

Question 37

USA had policy known as isolationism | What it mean?

Answer 37

Stay out of European affairs, remain neutral

Question 38

Events that brought the sun in to the war

Answer 38

1. ) sinking of the Lusitania (british luxury liner) 128 Americans dead (sunk by a German u boat) 2. ) Unrestricted submarine warfare - German u boat sinking every ship in sight. 3. ) Zimmerman telegram, telegram where Germany promised to help them get their land back from the Americans if they joined them as an ally.

Question 39

What was president ——- ———.’s purpose for the war?

Answer 39

Woodrow Wilson’s declarat8on for the purpose of the war was to make it “safe for democracy”

Question 40

What were the American impacts on the war

Answer 40

1. ) counter balance Russia pulling out 2. ) boosted morale of the allies 3. ) fresh manpower (fresh troops) 4. ) supplies and equipment USA joining is the turning point in the conflict

Question 41

What was the turning point for the allies

Answer 41

USA joining

Question 42

Who was in charge of the American expeditionary force (US army)

Answer 42

Gen. John Pershing

Question 43

What did the Germans do as a last desperate attempt Result?

Answer 43

A massive offensive “operation Michael” They hoped to defeat the allied forces before the Americans could make a difference. It almost works! The Americans pour in to Europe in the summer of 1918 and the tide of the war turns!

Question 44

In the fall of 1918 what does the king of Germany do? | What does this signal?

Answer 44

the king of Germany Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicates the throne (steps down) This signals that they are ready to surrender

Question 45

November 11, at 11 am

Answer 45

the armistice (agreement to stop fighting) is signed - signed *veterans day*

Question 46

Who accepts the surrender?

Answer 46

King George V, (England) accepts surrender! The Great War is over!

Question 47

What happened RIGHT after the war

Answer 47

Spanish influenza/flu outbreak Greatest medical holocaust in history 50 to 100 Millin died!

Question 48

What happened in Paris? Who were not invited Who were

Answer 48

Peace talks. (Peace treaty) Losers are not invited to the peace talks! ``` The winners (BIG FOUR) were Great Britain - David Lloyd George France - George’s Clemenceau USA - Woodrow Wilson Italy - vittorio Orlando ```

Question 49

Describe Wilson’s fourteen points

Answer 49

(Peace plan to address the causes of the war and solution for world peace) First five points dead with ways to prevent future wars Points 6 - 13 deal with self-determination - Nations should have the right to govern themselves Point 14 - establishes the League of Nations (peace keeping organizations) the goal of the organization was to prevent future war,

Question 50

What did Wilson want? | What does it mean?

Answer 50

A “peace without victory” | *no winner or looser WHY? it heals the wounds faster

Question 51

Describe the Versailles Treaty (Germany was forced to sign)

Answer 51

1. ) Germany had to accept all blame for the war 2. ) Germany had to pay for the war reparations (*damages) $33 billion dollars 3. ) Germany lost all of its colonies and some German territories 4. ) forced to greatly reduce the size of its military

Question 52

Results of ww1

Answer 52

1. ) death toll. 20 Millin died “lost generation” 2. ) Bolshevik/communist revolution - Russia becomes communist 3. ) map of Europe changed: 9 new countries added. 4. ) United States becomes a world power. 5. ) Ww2 - caused by bitterness of the Germans! - revenge for the Versailles treaty.