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LA Sx Exam 1 > Wound Management > Flashcards

Wound Management Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Othopedic and some soft tissue injuries will compromise this

A

Structural support

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2
Q

How do you restrain/analgesia a wounded horse for assessment?

A

a2 agonist + opioid

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3
Q

Good sedation, reversible, fast onset, potent analgesia

A

a2 agonists

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4
Q

Synergistic w/a2s

A

Opioids

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5
Q

How do you vaccinate for clostridium tetani?

A

Tetanus toxoid vaccine + booster 3wk later

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6
Q

How should you treat C. tetani if the vaccination status of the patient is unknown?

A

Booster w/tetanus toxoid

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7
Q

What is the most common reason that wound repairs fail?

A

Improper prep and assessment of the wound

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8
Q

Partial/full thickness wounds are classified as ______

A

Open

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9
Q

Crushing/contusion wounds are classified as ______

A

Closed

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10
Q

Period of time before there is more than 10^5 bacteria/g of tissue in the wound

A

Golden period

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11
Q

Is there a golden period for wounds in equine management?

A

No

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12
Q

Immediate closure for clean and clean-contaminated wounds

A

Primary (intention) closure (healing)

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13
Q

Closing a wound 2-5d after injury but before granulation tissue is produced

A

Delayed primary closure (healing)

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14
Q

Make sure wound bed is clean and as healthy as possible prior to closure

A

Delayed primary closure (healing)

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15
Q

Choice of closure for contaminated wounds or wounds w/questionable viability

A

Delayed primary closure (healing)

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16
Q

Closure >5d after injury

A

Secondary closure

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17
Q

Choice of closure for contaminated/infected wounds

A

Secondary closure

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18
Q

Granulation tissue, wound contracture, and epithelialization

A

Second intention healing

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19
Q

How do you decide when to close a wound?

A

Time, location, tissue availability, type of injury

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20
Q

What is the goal of wound closure?

A

Return damaged tissue to best fxn and appearance via manipulation of the healing process

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21
Q

What are the 3 phases of wound healing?

A

Inflammation/lag, proliferation, remodeling

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22
Q

Healing phase of hemostastis and acute inflammation

A

Inflammatory/lag phase

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23
Q

Healing phase of tissue formation

A

Proliferation

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24
Q

Healing phase of regaining strength

A

Remodeling

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25
How is hemostasis initially affected by a wound?
Initial vasoconstrction, then vasodilation
26
How does platelet aggregation affect a wound?
Seals vessels, releases growth factors, fibrin deposition
27
What cells release wound repair mediators?
Platelets
28
What wound repair mediators do platelets release?
PDGF, TGF-B
29
What cells remove damaged tissue and release chemoattractants?
PMNs, macrophages, fibroplasts
30
What cells remain present for days to weeks and are imperative for wound healing?
Macrophages
31
What do macrophages release to initiate the proliferative phase of wound healing?
Tissue growth factors
32
When does angiogenesis, collagen deposition, and granulation tissue formation occur?
Proliferative phase
33
What initiates angiogenesis?
Decreased O2 tension, high lactate, low pH in wound
34
Release proteases to digest fibrin clot and arrange collagen into bundles parallel to the wound surface
Fibroblasts
35
What type of collagen is initially produced and why?
Initially type 3 d/t dense blood vessel population
36
What type does collagen production shift to as wound remodels?
Type 1
37
How soon after injury does epithelialization begin?
Immediately
38
How soon after injury does contraction begin?
2nd week after injury
39
How much does contraction reduce a wound?
40-80%
40
When does contraction stop?
When skin tension is greater than the ability to contrat
41
Why are scars weaker than original skin?
New epidermis lacks dermal layer
42
When does the remodeling phase begin and how long does it persist?
During 2nd week, lasts up to 2 years
43
How much weaker is the final scar compared to the original skin?
15-50% weaker
44
What is the single most important factor in successfully healing a wound?
Debridement
45
How do you minimze sequestrum formation?
Debride outer cortex of bone to max blood flow to area
46
Where do sequestrums most commonly occur?
Distal limbs
47
What are the 3 tyeps of debridement?
Sharp, irrigation, direct contact
48
What type of solution should you use to lavage a wound? What PSI/set-up?
Non-toxic (LRS, isotonic slaine, water) @ 7-8 PSI (1L bag set to 300mmHg)
49
Slows down wound healing
Steroids
50
Abx + steroid potion
Panalog
51
Abx ointment potion that is carcinogenic
Nitrofurazone
52
One of the ingredients in this potion is bleach
Vetricyn
53
What are the topical treatments of choice for wounds?
Silver sulfadiazine, polysporin ointment
54
Used for exudative or necrotic wounds
Hypertonic saline dressing
55
Curasalt
Hypertonic saline dressing
56
What is the best type of wound dressing?
AMD
57
What is the active agent in Kerlix AMD?
PHMB
58
How often do you need to change an AMD?
Q3-7d
59
How often do you need to change a hypertonic saline dressing?
Q24-48hr
60
How are wound vacuums beneficial?
Negative pressure = more rapid healing
61
What should you NEVER use for wound dressing?
Corticosteroids
62
Why is manuka honey the best honey to use for wound dressing?
UMF >15
63
Requires sx excision, few topical agents, and bandaging
Chronic wounds

LA Sx Exam 1 (17 decks)

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