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Kinesiology > Wrist And Hand > Flashcards

Wrist And Hand Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

What jts are included in the wrist/hand complex

A 
Distal radioulnar
Wrist complex (radiocarpal and midcarpal)
Carpometacarpal
Metacarpophalangeal
Interphalangeal
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2
Q

T/F The structure and biomechanics of the wrist and hand are consistent between people

A

False: vary tremendously

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3
Q

Subtle differences in structure of the hand/wrist can….

A

Produce differences in the way of a given function

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4
Q

Describe the wrist jt (complex)

A

A biaxial, condyloid jt between
Radius with scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum (radiocarpal)
Scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum with trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate (midcarpal)

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5
Q

What are the benefits of a the 2 jt system in the wrist

A

Permits large ROM w less exposed articular surfaces and tighter jt capsule

Less tendency for a pinch during extremes of motion

Allows for flatter multi-jt surfaces (more capable to withstand imposed pressures)

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6
Q

Describe the proximal component of the radiocarpal jt

A

Concave surfaces of radius and adjacent art. Disc

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7
Q

Describe the distal component of the radiocarpal jt

A

Convex proximal surface of scaphoid and lunate

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8
Q

Describe the medial compartment of the midcarpal jt

A

Convex head of capitate and apex of hamate withdrawal the concave recess of scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum

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9
Q

Describe the lateral compartment of the midcarpal jt

A

Convex distal pole of the scaphoid with concave proximal trapezium and trapezoid

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10
Q

Though wrist ligaments are small and difficult to isolate, they are essential for

A

Maintaining intercarpal alignment

Transferring forces within and across carpals

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11
Q

The triangular Fibrocartilage complex at the wrist functions to

A

Bind distal ends of the ulna and radius while allowing the radius to rotate around the ulna

Reinforces ulnar side of the wrist and transfers compression force

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12
Q

Passive structures of the wrist jt include

A

Triangular fibrocartilage complex
Extensor retinaculum
Palmar carpal ligament

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13
Q

The extensor retinaculum prevents…

A

Bowstringing with active movement of the wrist

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14
Q

The palmar carpal ligament is analogous to

A

Extensor retinaculum

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15
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome is when

A

The median nerve is compressed or mechanically stressed

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16
Q

Factors that contribute to CTS

A

overcrowding
Excessive mechanical stress
Fibrotic changes of connective tissue

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17
Q

Osteokinematics of the wrist jt

A

Flex/ext

Radial/ulnar dev

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18
Q

Describe the convex-concave relationship in the wrist

A

Convex on concave at radiocarpal and midcarpal jts

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19
Q

Arthrokinematics of flexion at the wrist

A

Anterior roll posterior glide

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20
Q

Arthrokinematics of ext at the wrist

A

Posterior roll anterior glide

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21
Q

Arthrokinematics of radial deviation

A

Lateral roll, medial glide

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22
Q

Arthrokinematics of ulnar dev

A

Medial roll lateral glide

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23
Q

Describe the closed packed position of the wrist

A

Full ext with radial dev

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24
Q

Describe the open packed position for the wrist

A

Neutral flex/ext with slight ulnar dev

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25
Capsular pattern for the wrist
Flexion=extension, slight radial and ulnar dev
26
What is the main function of the wrist extensors
Position and stabilize activities that require active flexion of the digits (counterbalance wrist flexor torque)
27
Why does 30 degrees of wrist extension allow for max grip
This position optimizes the length-tension relationship of extrinsic finger flexors
28
What muscles act synergistically for oppose ulnar and radial dev during active wrist flexion
FCU and FCR
29
Peak wrist flexion torque is at
40 degrees of wrist flexion
30
What are the jts of the hand
Carpometacarpal Metacaropophalangeal Interphalangeal (PIP, DIP)
31
Describe the CMCs
Articulates 1st - 5th metacarpals with the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate 1st: saddle jt 2-5: plane jt
32
What are the passive structures of the 1st CMC jt?
``` Anterior oblique First intermetacarpal Posterior oblique Ulnar collateral Radial collateral ```
33
What are the passive structures of the 2nd-5th CMC jts?
Dorsal Carpometacarpal lig Palmar Carpometacarpal lig Dorsal intrmetacarpal lig Palmar intermetacarpal lig
34
What are the Osteokinematics of the 1st cmc jt
Flex/ext Abd/add Opp/rep
35
Arthrokinematics of abd at the 1st cmc jt
Anterior roll posterior glide
36
During abd/add at the 1st cmc jt, the _____________ articular surface of the 1st metacarpal moves on the __________ trapezium
Convex | Concave
37
Arthrokinematics of add at the 1st cmc jt
Posterior roll anterior glide
38
Arthrokinematics of flexion of the 1st cmc jt
Medial roll and glide
39
Describe the concave-convex relationship of flex/ext at the 1st cmc jt
Concave surface of metacarpal moving on convex diameter of the trapezium
40
Arthrokinematics of extension of the 1st cmc jt
Lateral roll and glide
41
Opposition/reposition of the 1st cmc j is a combination of
Flex/ext and add/abd
42
Arthrokinematics of opposition at the 1s cmc jt
Abduction , flexion
43
Osteokinematics of reposition at the 1st cmc jt
Adduction and extension
44
Osteokinematics of cmc jts 2-5
Flexion /ext
45
What is the open packed position of the 1st cmc jt
Mid flex/ext and min abd/add
46
Where is the closed packed position of the 1st cmc jt
Full opposition
47
Capsular pattern of the 1st cmc jt
Abd
48
Closed packed position of cmc jts 2-5
Full flexion
49
Open packed position of cmc jts 2-5
Mid flex/ext
50
Osteokinematics of metacarpophalangeal jt
Flex/ext Abd/add Circumduction (accessory motion)
51
Convex-concave relationship in mcp jts
Concave surface of phalanx moving on convex metacarpal head
52
Arthrokinematics of flexion at the mcp jts
Anterior roll and glide
53
Arthrokinematics of extension at the mcp jts
Posterior roll and glide
54
Arthrokinematics of abd at the mcp jts
Roll and glide away from the 3rd digit
55
Arthrokinematics of add at the mcp jts
Roll and glide toward the 3rd digit
56
Closed packed position at the mcp jt
Full flexion
57
Open packed position of the mcp jts
Slight flexion
58
Capsular pattern of the mcp jts
Flexion=extension
59
Interphalangeal jts are what type of jt
Hinge jt
60
Mcp jts are what type of jts
condyloid
61
Convex-concave relationship in the interphalangeal jts
Concave on convex
62
Arthrokinematics of flexion at IP jts
Roll palmar glide palmar
63
Arthrokinematics of extension at IP jts
Roll dorsal, slide dorsal
64
Closed packed position of IP jt
Full ext
65
Open packed position of IP jts
Slight flex
66
Capsular pattern of IP jt
Flexion= ext
67
The fibrous digital sheath embeds ____________. What does this do?
Flexor pulleys | Prevents bowstringing of the tendons with contraction of extrinsic finger flexors
68
Bowstringing of flexor tendons can be observed in some elite rock climbers due to
Overstretching or severing of pullys
69
What occurs secondary to tenosynovitis, does not impact gliding action, and may develop a nodule with prolonged tenosynovitis which can wedge into the sheath and block movement?
Trigger finger
70
How do the extensor tendons differ from flexor tendons
Distal to the wrist they lack a digital sheath or pulley system and tendons become integrated into fibrous expansion
71
The most prominent feature of the extensor mechanism is the ______________. What does this do?
Dorsal hood Stabilizes ED tendon, form sling that assists ED to extend MCP jt Transfers force from lumbricals/interossei to lateral bands to assist with DIP/PIP extension

Kinesiology (18 decks)

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