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Anatomia > Wrist and Hand > Flashcards

Wrist and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Wrist is a synovial joint between:

A

The distal end of the radius
The carpal bones
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetum

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2
Q

The pronation and the supination of the forearm results from …

A

The rotation of the radio over the ulna

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3
Q

Wrist Joint ligaments

A

Palmar radiocarpal ligaments
Dorsal radiocarpal ligaments
Ulnar Collateral ligament
Radial Collateral ligament

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4
Q

Palmar radiocarpal ligaments

A

Pass from the radius to the rows of carpals
They are arranged so that the hand follows the radius during supination of the forearm

Composed of a radiocapitate part and radioscapholunate part

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5
Q

Dorsal radiocarpal ligaments

A

They are arranged so that the hand follows the radius during pronation of the forearm

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6
Q

Ulnar Collateral ligament

A

Strength the joint capsule medially
Attached to the ulnar styloid process triquetum

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7
Q

Radial Collateral ligament

A

Strength the joint capsule laterally
Attached to the radial styloid process scaphoid

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8
Q

The hand is composed by:

A

8 carpal bones line in two rows
5 metacarpal bones
14 phalanges

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9
Q

Proximal line of carpal bones

A

Pisiform Triquetum Lunate Scaphoid

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10
Q

Distal line of carpal bones

A

Hamate Capitate Trapezoid Trapezium

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11
Q

Scaphoid

A

Articulates directly with the distal end of the radius

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12
Q

Lunate

A

It has a semilunar shape and articulates directly with the radius

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13
Q

Triquetum

A

Articulates with the distal part of the radio-ulnar joint

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14
Q

Pisiform

A

Is found in the palmar surface of the triquetum

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15
Q

Trapezium

A

It has 4 sides, articula con el metacarpo del prime digito

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16
Q

Trapezoid

A

It has a wedge shape

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17
Q

Capitate

A

It has a round shape

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18
Q

Hamate

A

It has a bone process described as the hook of the hamate

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19
Q

Metacarpals

A

Are numbered from I-V
Its proximal end is also known as the base of the bone and have a concave shape to articulate with the carpal bones
Its distal end is also known as the head and have a convex shoe to articulate with phalanges

20
Q

Phalanges

A

Every digit has 3 phalanges with the exception of the thumb

21
Q

Parts of the phalanges

A

Base (proximal)
Body
Head (distal)

22
Q

Carpometacarpal joint

A

Saddle (Biaxial)

23
Q

Metacarpophalangeal joint

A

Condyloid (Biaxial)

24
Q

Every phalange has the joints… Except the thumb

A

Metacarpophalangeal joint
Proximal interphalangeal joint
Distal interphalangeal joint

25
Q

The thumb contains the joints…

A

Metacarpophalangeal joint
Proximal interphalangeal joint

26
Q

Clinical correlation:
Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

Clasified as and autoimmune disease , characterized that produced chronic inflammation at the joints

27
Q

Retinaculum ligament is composed of:

A

Flexor retinaculum
Extensor retinaculum

28
Q

Flexor retinaculum (Transverse carpal ligament)

A

Is found distal to the radio-carpal joint and o palmar aspect of the hand
It forms the carpal tunnel

29
Q

Extensor retinaculum

A

Cross the wrist joint and the radio-ulnar joint
Its found in the dorsal aspect of the hand

30
Q

Carpal tunnel

A

It is a canal that is found on the wrist
Anteriorly is formed by flexor retinaculum
Posteriorly is form by the carpal bones

31
Q

Across the carpal tunnel the following structures are seen

A

The tendon of the flexor pollicis longus
Tendons of the flexor digitorum superficial and profundus
Median nerve

32
Q

Clinical correlation:
Carpal tunnel syndrome

A

A lesion that significantly reduces the size of the carpal tunnel or, more commonly, increases the size of some of the nine structures or their coverings that pass through it (Inflammation of synovial sheaths).
– Pressure to the median nerve is the cause of the following symptoms:
* Paresthesia (tingling), hypoesthesia (diminished sensation),
or anesthesia (absence of sensation) may occur in the lateral three-and-a-half digits.
* Sensation in the central palm remains unaffected
*: The median nerve also has terminal motor branches: the recurrent branch, which serves the three thenar muscles, and branches to lumbricals 1 and 2

33
Q

Movements of the wrist
Flexors of the wrist

A

Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus

34
Q

Movements of the wrist
Extensors of the wrist

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor carpi ulnaris

35
Q

Muscles of the hand subdivides in

A

Thenar Region
Hypothenar Region
Lumbricals
Dorsal interossei
Palmar interossei

36
Q

Thenar Region

A

Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
Adductor pollicis

37
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis

A
38
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis

A
39
Q

Opponens pollicis

A
40
Q

Adductor pollicis

A
41
Q

Hypothenar Region

A

Palmaris brevis
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi

42
Q

Lumbricals 1st and 2nd

A

Innervated by Median Nerve
Function: Flex metacarpophalangeal joint: extend interpalangeal joints of 2nd-5th digits

43
Q

Lumbricals 3rd and 4th

A

Innervated by Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Function: Flex metacarpophalangeal joint: extend interpalangeal joints of 2nd-5th digits

44
Q

Dorsal interossei 1st-4th

A

Innervated by Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Function: Abduct 2nd-4th digits from the axial line; act with lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints

45
Q

Palmar interossei 1st-3rd

A

Innervated by Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Function: Adduct 2nd, 4th and 5th digits from the axial line; act with lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joint

46
Q
A

Anatomia (10 decks)

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