WS: DISEASES Flashcards
(24 cards)
what is the common name for coxsackievirus?
hand foot mouth disease
(coxsackievirus)
where are skin rashes commonly located
palms of hands
soles of feet
in & around oral cavity
(coxsackievirus)
how can dental hygienists detect HFMD?
swollen cervical lymph nodes
observe flat or slightly raised red spots around the cheeks and mouth of the patient
what conditions does varicella zoster virus cause?
chicken pox
shingles
what phase is varicella zoster virus most contagious?
during the acute eruptive phase, 1-2 days before recognizing the disease
what is the shape of myobacterium tuberculosis
bacilli-rod shaped
describe the tuberculin skin test and identify what hypersensitivity reaction it is
type IV hypersensitivity reaction
in the skin test, the POSITIVE result appears as RED & SWOLLEN
negative result shows no reaction
what is oral candidiasis (key facts, esp regarding what type of infection it is)
most common oral fungal infection
opportunistic pathogen
what kind of immune response occurs in oral thrush?
first line of defense are the epithelial cells of the oral mucosa
innate immune response uses PAMPs to identify specific polysaccharides on cell wall, starts phagocytosis and cytokine production
primary adaptive response is TH17
describe the optimal environment for candida in terms of dentures
low oxygen/anaerobic environment
low pH
what are the common signs, symptoms and oral manifestation of the Herpes Simplex Virus
signs:
- cold sores
- fever blisters
- mucocutaneous vesicular lesions
symptoms:
- malaise
- anorexia
- fever
- enlarged lymph nodes
- localized pain
- tenderness
- burning (24 hrs)
- tingling (24 hrs)
oral manifestations:
- gingivostomatitis
- herpetic stomatitis
- herpetic labialis
- esophagitis
(HSV)
describe when it is safe to treat a patient. describe when it is not safe to treat a patient and what to do.
when a lesion forms a “crust” it is considered NON-INFECTIOUS
it is NOT SAFE to treat a patient where there are oral and perioral herpetic active lesions present
– avoid touching the area
– postpone procedure until a lesion forms a crust
what kind of cancers does human papilloma virus cause
oropharyngeal cancer
cervical cancer
what kind of life cycle does human papilloma virus go through
lysogenic cycle
(lyme disease)
describe the ways to manage the symptoms while the patient is in the dental chair
TMJ pain:
- use of bite block
- brief appointment times
- regular breaks for rest
prophylaxis:
- invasive procedures
- untreated lyme
how is lyme disease spread?
vector = tick!
what does epstein barr virus cause?
infectious mononucleosis (“mono”)
can also cause nervous system conditions and has been linked to several other illnesses (lymphomas, rheumatoid arthritis, and myocarditis)
how is the epstein barr virus spread
highly contagious
spreads through saliva and other bodily fluids
can still be spread indirectly (through shared utensils)
what are signs, symptoms, and oral manifestations associated with mono (EBV)?
majority of the time asymptomatic
signs/symptoms:
- rash
- liver dysfunction
- inflammation in the oral cavity
- swollen lymph nodes
- fatigue
- fever
- malaise
- sore throat
oral manifestations:
- xerostomia
- acute tonsilitis
- pharyngitis
- oral candidiasis
- oral hairy leukoplakia
- gingivitis/periodontitis
- oral lymphomas
MOST COMMON ORAL MANIFESTATION:
!! oral hairy leukoplakia !!
identify the levels needed to treat patients with human immunodeficiency virus in the VCU clinic
CD4 count should be ABOVE 200
viral load should be less than 50 copies per milliliter to be considered undetectable
what are some HIV patients called if they participate in a certain program?
ryan white program patients
what are the earliest indicators of HIV/AIDS
HIV viral load in blood
low CD4 cell count
oral candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, kaposi’s sarcoma, swollen lymph nodes, fever, flu like symptoms, fatigue
how is the hepatitis C virus transmitted
vertically or horizontally
(vertically = mother to child)
(horizontally = blood to blood contact)
intravenous drug users
what are the oral manifestations associated with hepatitis C
oral lichen planus
periodontal disease
xerostomia
