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American History > WW2 > Flashcards

WW2 Flashcards

1
Q

Lightning Warfare

A

Blitzkrieg

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2
Q

Phony War

A

Between Germany and France in the Maginot line

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3
Q

Maginot Line

A

Fortress between France and Germany

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4
Q

Where did the British and French get trapped in the Phony war against Germany?

A

The English Channel

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5
Q

What was The Miracle at Dunkirk?

A

Miraculous rescue of French and British Armies

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6
Q

Germany Conquered all of Western Europe except? And why?

A

Great Britain because it’s an island

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7
Q

What was Hitler’s plan to invade Great Britain?

A

Operation Sea Lion or The Battle of Britain

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8
Q

What is RAF?

A

British Royal Air Force

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9
Q

What did Hitler want to control and destroy first in The Battle of Britain?

A

Control the Sky and destroy British Airforce Base

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10
Q

What is Luftwaffe

A

German Airforce

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11
Q

Who is the new Prime Minister of Great Britain that said, “We shall never surrender”?

A

Winston Churchill

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12
Q

What was the mistake that Hitler makes in the Battle of Britain?

A

He changes his target from military/air force bases to cities

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13
Q

Why did Hitler change his target to Cities in the Battle of Britain?

A

To destroy the people’s will to fight

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14
Q

What is the Blitz?

A

German attack London for 57 nights

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15
Q

What made the British people even more determined to fight?

A

Motivational Propaganda Posters

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16
Q

What turned the tide of the Battle of Britain?

A

Radar

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17
Q

What was the result of Great Britain winning the Battle of Britain?

A

It boosted morale and showed the world that Hitler was not unstoppable.

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18
Q

What was the lifeline of Great Britain? And why?

A

Atlantic Ocean because it was where supplies were sent to them by the US.

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19
Q

What was the longest continuous and pivotal battle of WWII?

A

Battle of the Atlantic

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20
Q

What are U-boats?

A

German Submarine

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21
Q

How did U-boats go to battle?

A

In wolfpacks

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22
Q

What are the 3 ways the Allied Powers counter U-boats?

A
  1. Convoys
  2. Sonars
  3. Depth Charges
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23
Q

What are the main countries in the Allied Powers?

A

Great Britain, France, Soviet Union, and later the USA

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24
Q

What are the two warring sides in WWII?

A

Allied Powers and Axis Powers

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25
Q

What are the main countries in the Axis Powers?

A

Germany, Italy, and Japan

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26
Q

What is Isolationism?

A

Staying out of European Affairs and remaining neutral

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27
Q

What was the goal of the Neutrality Acts?

A

To limit US involvement in war

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28
Q

What 3 things did the Neutrality Acts do?

A
  1. Placed an embargo on armed sales to warring sides.
  2. Restricted American ships in warzones.
  3. Banned Americans from traveling on a belligerent ship.
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29
Q

Who was the president of the USA during WWII?

A

Franklin Roosevelt

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30
Q

What did the Cash and Carry Program do?

A

Allowed USA to assist Great Britain by giving supplies.

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31
Q

What was the Lend-Lease Program?

A

Lend or lease arms to any country vital to the defense of the USA.

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32
Q

Why did America become the Arsenal of Democracy?

A

They were fighting an undeclared war by supplying the Allied Powers.

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33
Q

What is Operation Barbarossa?

A

Invasion of the Soviet Union by Germany.

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34
Q

What are the three reasons why Hitler wanted the Soviet Union/Russia?

A
  1. Lebensraum - living space
  2. Largest population of Jews
  3. Natural resources like Oil
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35
Q

Who are the Red Army?

A

The Russian/Soviets

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36
Q

What battle was a 900 day siege?

A

Battle of Leningrad

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37
Q

What battle was the turning point of the war on the eastern front and fought for control of the Russian oil fields?

A

Battle of Stalingrad

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38
Q

No Russian city surrendered but paid in what?

A

Casualties

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39
Q

What was Hitler’s greatest mistake?

A

Russian Campaign

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39
Q

What was the first strategy of bombing?

A

To bomb airfields, railways, etc.

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39
Q

Why was the Russian Campaign Hitler’s greatest mistake?

A

Because it devastated his manpower and resources.

40
Q

What revolutionized modern warfare?

A

Air war

41
Q

What was the later strategy of bombing?

A

Cities

42
Q

Why did bombers target cities?

A

Because they had industrial centers

43
Q

Who were caught in the crossfire of the war?

A

Civilians

44
Q

What is the Memphis Belle?

A

First American bombing crew to complete 25 missions

45
Q

What did a bombing crew get to do if they completed 25 missions?

A

Go home

46
Q

What had the highest casualty rates?

A

Airforce

47
Q

What caused America to freeze all Japanese assets and put an embargo on trade with them?

A

Because they attacked French-Indo-China

48
Q

What country did Japan get 80 percent of their Oil?

A

America

49
Q

Why did Japan decide to attack America?

A

Because they believed that America was the only country that could stop them from taking over Asia.

50
Q

What is America’s largest naval base?

A

Pearl Harbor

51
Q

Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?

A

Believed it would destroy their will to fight

52
Q

Who is Isoroku Yamamoto?

A

Admiral of the Japanese Navy.

53
Q

What are the three warning signs of Pearl Harbor that the USA ignored?

A
  1. US Intelligence warned of an imminent attack somewhere in the pacific.
  2. The discovery of a Japanese Midget Submarine
  3. Radar Sighting
54
Q

What did the code word “Tora, Tora, Tora” mean?

A

Surprise had been achieved

55
Q

What were the 3 targets of the Japanese in Pearl Harbor?

A
  1. Aircraft carriers
  2. Battle ships
  3. Airfields
56
Q

What ship became a memorial for Pearl Harbor?

A

USS Arizona

57
Q

What are the 4 reasons why Japan’s attack was not a complete success?

A
  1. Failed to destroy the repair facilities
  2. Failed to destroy the fuel depots
  3. Failed to destroy the submarines
  4. Failed to destroy the US Aircraft carriers
58
Q

Who called Pearl Harbor “A date that will live in infamy”?

A

President FDR

59
Q

What USA installations did Japan target on the same day as Pearl Harbor?

A

Philippines, Guam, Wake Island

60
Q

What British territories did Japan target on the same day as Pearl Harbor?

A

Malaysia, Singapore, Hongkong

61
Q

What are the 3 results of Pearl Harbor?

A
  1. USA enters WWII
  2. Unites the American people
  3. Internment Camps
62
Q

What are Internment Camps?

A

Camps/prisons where Japanese Americans were forced to stay.

63
Q

Who are Nisei?

A

Japanese Americans

64
Q

What was the reason given for the Internment Camps?

A

National Security

65
Q

What was the real reason for the Internment Camps?

A

Fear and prejudice

66
Q

What American territory did the Japanese take in the first 6 months?

A

Philippine Islands

67
Q

What was the Bataan Death March?

A

A 60 mile death march forced onto 70,000 American and Filipino prisoners

68
Q

What was the Suicide Mission in Tokyo?

A

The Dolittle Raid

69
Q

Who led the Dolittle Raid?

A

James Dolittle

70
Q

Who was the General of the Pacific theater and said “I shall return”

A

Douglas MacArthur

71
Q

Who was the American Fleet commander?

A

Chester Nimitz

72
Q

What battle stopped the invasion of Australia?

A

The Battle of The Coral Sea

73
Q

What battle stopped the invasion of Hawaii?

A

The Battle of Midway

74
Q

Why was the Battle of Midway the turning point in the pacific?

A

Because the US sank 4 Japanese aircraft carriers.

75
Q

What was the strategy of America against Japan?

A

Island Hopping

76
Q

What was the Battle of Guadalcanal?

A

The battle where US took over the first Island

77
Q

What was the systematic mass slaughter of Jews and other undesirables?

A

The Holocaust

78
Q

Who was the head of the SS and in charge of the Holocaust?

A

Heinrich Himmler

79
Q

What was the name of Hitler’s plan on what to do with the Jews.

A

Final Solution

80
Q

What are the 4 programs of the Final Solution?

A
  1. Immigration - make life hard for Jews so they leave.
  2. Mobile Death Squad - make Jews dig trenches and kill them
  3. Ghettos - Isolate and work with little food
  4. Death Camps/Gas Chambers
81
Q

What shipped the Jews to Death Camps?

A

Holding Tanks

82
Q

Dietrich Bonhoeffer

A

German Protestant Pastor that wrote The Cost of Discipleship

82
Q

Corrie Ten Boom

A

Dutch Christian who wrote The Hiding Place

83
Q

Oskar Schindler

A

Businessman that wrote Schindler’s List

84
Q

Anne Frank

A

Jewish girl who wrote Dairy of Anne Frank

85
Q

The 3 types of German camps

A
  1. POW camps/ Stalags
  2. Work Camps - used slave labor
  3. Death Camps - used to exterminate people
86
Q

What was Dachau

A

Most infamous work camp

87
Q

What was Auschwitz?

A

Most Infamous Death Camp

88
Q

What did the Geneva Convention do?

A

Made rules of war to not allow mass genocide

89
Q

What was the Home Front?

A

Activities of the civilians in a nation at war

90
Q

What were soldiers referred as?

A

GI’s or Government Issue

91
Q

What were used for recruitment?

A

Propaganda

92
Q

What did Rationing Books do?

A

Rationed food, supplies, gas, etc.

93
Q

What are Victory Gardens?

A

People growing their own food

94
Q

What were US industries doing during the war?

A

Non war industries start to produce war material

95
Q

What was in charge of the war material production in the US industries?

A

War Production Board

96
Q

Who is Rosie The Riveter?

A

Symbol of the American woman.

97
Q

What was the Bracero program?

A

Permitted millions of Mexicans to work in the US

98
Q

What are the 2 ways America pays for the war?

A
  1. War Bonds - Loans to Government
  2. Income Tax
99
Q

How did they get Americans to support?

A

Propaganda and News Reels

American History (5 decks)

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