XXX - Endocrine & Metabolic Drugs Flashcards by Grazielle Verzosa

Q

Treatment for genetic short stature, failure to thrive

A

Somatropin

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Q

Treatment for acromegaly, variceal bleeding

A

Octreotide

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Q

Treatment for hyperprolactinemia, prolactinoma

A

Bromocriptine

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Q

Labor induction/augmentation, control of post-partum hemorrhage, SE: fluid retention

A

Oxytocin

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Q

Treatment for central DI

A

Desmopressin

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Q

Treatment for hypothyroidism, myxedema coma

A

Levothyroxine

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Q

Inhibits thyroid peroxidase, blocks peripheral conversion of T4 to T3, DOC in pregnant patients (largely protein bound), SE: agranulocytosis

A

PTU

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Q

Inhibits thyroid peroxidase, SE: agranulocytosis, teratogen (aplasia cutis)

A

Methimazole

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Q

Preferred treatment for hyperthyroidism, SE: permanent hypothyroidism

A

Radioactive Iodine (RAI)

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Q

Reduces vascularity and size of thyroid

A

Lugol’s Iodine (SSKI)

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Q

Symptomatic treatment of hyperthyroidism, decreases peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

A

Propranolol

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Q

Ingestion of iodine causes hypothyroidism

A

Wolff-Chaikoff effect

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Q

Ingestion of iodine causes hyperthyroidism

A

Jod-Basedow phenomenon

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Q

Drugs that inhibit peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

A

PTU, Propranolol, Hydrocortisone

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Q

Drugs that can cause drug-induced hyperthyroidism

A

Clofibrate, Amiodarone, Methadone

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Q

Acute adrenal insufficiency, status asthmaticus, thyroid storm

A

Hydrocortisone

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Q

Prototype oral glucocorticoid, SE: adrenal suppression, Cushing syndrome

A

Prednisone

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Q

Hastens fetal lung maturity

A

Beta-/Dexamethasone

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Q

Mineralocorticoid replacement for chronic adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s)

A

Fludrocortisone

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Q

Steroids for hypoadrenalism

A

Prednisone, Fludrocortisone

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Q

Most frequently used synthetic estrogen in OCPs, SE: hypertension, DVT/PE, endometrial CA, contraindicated in heavy smokers > 35 y.o.

A

Ethynyl Estradiol

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Q

OCP drug, SE: clear cell vaginal adenoCA in daughter

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A

Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

Q

Prevents estrogen-induced endometrial CA

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A

Norgestrel

Q

OCP of choice in lactating women

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A

Progestin (DMPA)

Emergency contraception, Yuzpe regimen

Levonorgestrel

Hormone-responsive breast CA, SE: endometrial CA

Tamoxifen

Ovulation induction, SE: multiple gestation

Clomiphene

Treatment of endometriosis, SE: hirsutism

Danazol

Medical abortion

Mifepristone

NORgestimate, NORethindrone, NORgestrel

Progestins

Treatment for male hypogonadism, SE: virilization, paradoxical feminization (↑ estrogen precursor)

Testosterone

Anabolic steroids, illegal performance enhancers

Oxandrolone

Treatment of prostate CA, co-administered to prevent acute flare-ups of the tumor

Flutamide + Leuprolide

5α-reductase inhibitor, treatment of BPH and male pattern baldness

Finasteride

Most efficacious anti-diabetic drug, activates tyrosine kinase, SE: hypoglycemia, lipdystrophy

Insulin

1st gen. sulfonylurea (secretagogue), SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain, disulfiram reaction

Chlorpropamide

2nd gen. sulfonylurea (secretagogue), SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain, disulfiram reaction

Glipizide

Newer insulin secretagogue, no hypoglycemia

Repaglinide

First-line anti-diabetic drug, decreases gluconeogenesis, DOC for obese diabetics, SE: lactic acidosis, weight loss, GI upset

Metformin

Thiazolidinedione, PPAR-γ, insulin sensitizer, SE: CHF

Pioglitazone

α-glucosidase inhibitor, SE: flatulence

Acarbose

Insulin: fast

Lispro

Insulin: large

Glargine

Insulin: Slow

Lantus

Why is there paradoxical improvement of DM in patients with CKD?

Insulin: ↓ clearance, ↑ half-life

Patients prone to hypoglycemia

advanced renal disease, elderly children < 7 y.o.

Inactive vitamin D, rickets, osteomalacia

Ergocalciferol

Active vitamin D, secondary hyperparathyroidism

Calcitriol

Paget's disease of the bone, hypercalcemia, tumor marker for medullary thyroid CA

Calcitonin

Suppresses osteoclast activity, Paget's disease of the bone, osteoporosis, SE: esophagitis

Alendronate

Phosphate-binding resin

Sevelamer

Signs of Hyperparathyroidism

painful BONES, renal STONES, abdominal GROANS, psychiatric OVERTONES

Tones down Ca

Calcitonin