Year 13 Fact Attack Advanced Material Flashcards
(244 cards)
1
Q
How long did it take to reach Australia in 1914
A
40 days
2
Q
How long did it take to reach Australia in 2016
A
1 1/2 days
3
Q
What year did Mclean develop the shipping container
A
1956
4
Q
What percentage does container trade account for of world seaborne trade
A
60%
5
Q
When was the first steam train built
A
1804
6
Q
When was the first steam ship built
A
1787
7
Q
How fast can a jet aircraft travel
A
600 mph
8
Q
When was the concept of jet aircraft created
A
1928
9
Q
When was the first commercial telegraph created
A
1837
10
Q
When did electronic banking begin
A
1980s
11
Q
When was the first mobile phone made
A
1973
12
Q
When did the world-wide web launch
A
1990
13
Q
When were fibre optics first used
A
1970s
14
Q
How much more can fibre optics carry than copper wires
A
65,000 times more
15
Q
What year was the first email sent
A
1971
16
Q
How many members does Facebook have
A
150 million
17
Q
How much worth of Chinese made clothes did the Eu block from the UK
A
£50 million
18
Q
What company became the largest telecommunications in 2000
A
Vodafone
19
Q
What is the population of the EU
A
508 million
20
Q
When was British telecom privatised
A
1984
21
Q
When did China join the world trade organisation
A
Dec-01
22
Q
Where are the special economic zones in China
A
Shenzhen, Shantou, Zhuhai
23
Q
When did Mao Zedong die and Deng Xiaoping take over
A
1976
24
Q
What four factors of environmental degradation is caused by superpowers
A
Landscape scarring, the built environment, oil spills, removal of forests
25
In what century did most mines close
20th
26
In what year did Drake lands Pit in Devon open and when was the last mine open before this
2015, 1969
27
The price of what doubled as the supply was reduced
Tungsten
28
How many litres of oil escaped due to BPs Deepwater Horizon in 2010
450 million
29
What was the % increase in food production in Brazil between 2002-12
26%
30
How many times did beef exports increase by in Brazil
10x
31
How many litres of water were needed to produce a kilo of beef and wheat
15,000 1,250 kilograms
32
What did America agree to do in 2014 and by when
Reduce CO2 emissions by 2025
33
Who pulled out of the Paris Agreement in June 2017
Donald Trump
34
When did China agree to reduce carbon emissions and by when
2014, 2030
35
What were the EU subsidies for agriculture called
Common Agricultural Policy
36
What are rare earths
A group of 17 elements that occur together in geological deposits and are very difficult to separate
37
What is the collective worth of rare earths
$5 trillion
38
Give an example of a rare earth
Neodymium
39
What % of rare earths does China produce
85%
40
How many tonnes of toxic waste is produced for every tonne of rare earths
2000
41
How much did rice consumption increase in Sub-Saharan Africa
50%
42
How many time faster do India sue groundwater than it can be replenished
3x
43
How much of the world’s gas in undiscovered
30%
44
What % of the world’s oil resources are in the Arctic
13%
45
The UN convention law of the sea allows countries to own how many miles beyond their coastline
200 miles
46
What year did Russia use submarines to put a flag at the north pole
2007%
47
What is the name of the Chinese icebreaker which navigated the northern sea route for the first time
Xuedong
48
Why is there tension over oil
Demand is high, ambiguity over possession
49
Why have tensions grown between Russia and Eastern Europe
Accession 8 countries joining the EU in 2004
50
In 2013 how many primary school children didn’t go to school
59 million
51
In 2013 how many secondary school children didn’t go to school
65 million
52
In 2015 what % of countries had equal access to primary education
69%
53
In 2015 what % of countries had equal access to secondary education
48%
54
How many more girls do not get an education in the Sahel compared to boys
2x
55
Give 3 reasons why education is central to economic development
Basic hygiene/healthcare, family size control, decision making
56
How many people die each year due to water related diseases
840,000
57
What is the average life expectancy in Japan
82
58
What is the average life expectancy in the UK
81
59
What has life expectancy increased from and to between 1985 and 2015
54-68
60
How much has life expectancy been reduced by due to air pollution in developing cities
3.2 years
61
Which area has the lowest life expectancy of 57 years
Sub Saharan Africa
62
Sub Saharan Africa has the largest maternal mortality rate of what per 100,000 live births
540
63
Where are the highest life expectancies in Africa
North Africa e.g. Algeria (76.39) Tunisia (76.04)
64
Where are the lowest life expectancies in Africa
Sub Saharan Africa e.g. South Africa (49.56) Mozambique (52.60)
65
Each year how many children die before their 5th birthday
6 million
66
Name 3 reasons for variations in life expectancy within the developed world
Differences in lifestyle, differences in deprivation, differences in cost and effectiveness of healthcare
67
In the UK which ethnicity has the highest and lowest life expectancies
Chinese, Bangladesh
68
In the UK which socio-economic group has the highest and lowest life expectancies
Professional, Unskilled
69
How many years difference is there between Richmond upon Thames and Manchester in terms of life expectancy
15 years
70
How much is public spending in the UK
$1,102.8bn (2016)
71
What % of the UK spending is on healthcare
18%
72
What % of the UK spending is on education
12%
73
How much is spending on health in the UK
$3,102 per person
74
What are human rights
Moral principles that underlie standards of human behaviour "to which a person is inherently entitled to simply because he or she is a human being"
75
What were human rights first formed and why
1948- in the response to Nazi atrocities
76
What does the UN declaration of Human Rights do
Sets a basic guideline for what every country should go by
77
Name two benefits of the UN declaration
Broad range of social, economic, and environmental factors; guidance for countries
78
Name two negatives of the UN declaration
Open to interpretation; not legally binding
79
What does the European convention of Human Rights do
European version of the UN convention that can be tailored to European countries
80
What are two benefits of the EUCHR
Can go to the European court of HR; more in line with western viewpoint
81
What are two negatives of the EUCHR
Takes a long time to action sanctions; undermining of sovereignty
82
Name two UNDHR Articles
All humans are born free and equal, everyone’s has the right to freedom of thought
83
When was the EUDHR formed and when was it ratified in the UK
1950, 1951
84
When was the UNDHR developed and how many articles
1948, 30 articles
85
When was the European court established
1959
86
How many signatory countries are there for EUDHR
47
87
What % of the UK cases are thrown out by the European court of HR
99%
88
When did the UK human rights act come into place
1998
89
What did the Human Rights Act do
Incorporates human rights into UK law which can be sanctioned be UK courts
90
What % of teenage girls and women are literate in Afghanistan
37%, 19%
91
How many ethnic groups are there in Myanmar
100
92
How many people needed food and shelter after the riots in Zimbabwe
4.5 million
93
How many Sikhs were massacred in the 1984 Anti-Sikh riots (India)
2000
94
How many civilians were killed in peaceful protest in Indonesia
4
95
How many years have the Kim Jong family been in power in NK
70 years
96
How many people are in political prison camps in NK
80,000- 120,000
97
How much is lost in corruption each year
$1 trillion
98
Between 2012 and 2015 which countries reduced corruption
Greece, Senegal, UK
99
Between 2012 and 2015 which countries increased corruption
Australia, Brazil, Spain, Turkey, Sweden
100
When were people in Indonesia given the vote
2004
101
In Indonesia when were rights given to people with disabilities
2016
102
What % of Indonesia’s population think the gov. is corrupt
91%
103
How young are children working in Indonesia
8
104
What % of children die before the age of 5 in Indonesia
40%
105
Give 3 humanitarian reasons for intervention in a country
Offering development aid to poorest and least developed countries, protecting human rights, encouraging healthcare and education
106
Give 4 mutual benefit reasons for intervention in a country
Strengthening security and stability, promoting international trade and protecting routes, accessing resources, encouraging inward investment
107
Give 2 military power reasons for intervention in a country
providing military support, increasing global or regional influences
108
In 2014 what % of EU development aid was for gov. and civil society
17.52%
109
In 2014 what % of EU development aid was for humanitarian aid
18%
110
How can development aid be given
Bilaterally or multilaterally
111
What was the UK gov target on international aid
0.7% of gross national income
112
How much aid was given in 2013 by the UK gov.
£11.2bn
113
Which corrupt nation did the UK donate £86.8 million to in 2012
Somalia
114
How much aid was given by Britain to Afghanistan in 2013
£200 million
115
When was an effective trade embargo in place in South Africa
1948-1994
116
When was the US trade embargo imposed over Cuba due to ties with communism
1960s
117
What are the average earnings of people in the North East
£15,000-£17,000
118
What are the average earnings in the south east
£35,000
119
Why does London have high pay
FDI is attracted, more quaternary industry
120
Why do coastal regions have lower pay
Seasonal jobs, brain drain, limited infrastructure
121
What % of children in Camden live in poverty compared to what % nationally
34% compared to 21%
122
What is youth unemployment in Camden
7%
123
What % of deaths are considered premature in Camden
43%
124
How many small areas are measured by the English indices of deprivation
32,844
125
Name the 3 factors that the "English Indices of deprivation" considers
Income, employment, education
126
In 2014 the richest 1% receive what % of all income equivalent to what % of the rest of the population
13%, 55%
127
The top 10% of employees earn over how much annually
£53,000
128
The bottom 10% of earners weekly wages are under how much
£288
129
How much of the UK growth output did the south create between 1997-2007
37%
130
State 4 causes for change to a region
Physical factors, accessibility and connectedness, local and national planning, historical development
131
What process is occurring in Leeds
Studentification
132
What process is occurring in Notting Hill
Gentrification
133
What process is occurring in Bradford
Multiculturalism
134
What process is occurring in Longbridge
Deindustrialisation
135
What is occurring in Cornwall
Tourism
136
What is the national average manufacturing average by output area
9.10%
137
What is the Birmingham manufacturing average by output area
11.58%
138
What is the Swansea manufacturing average by output area
10.03%
139
What is the national professional, scientific and technical activates by output area
6.30%
140
What is the Birmingham professional, scientific and technical activities by output area
4.75%
141
What is the Swansea professional, scientific and technical activities by output area
3.70%
142
What is a symbol of prosperity and investment in London's canary wharf
Skyscrapers
143
In Bunhill Swansea how many students are there
20,000
144
In Birmingham what % of the population are white British
53%
145
Coastal erosion has meant how much land has been lost in Norfolk in the last 250 years
250m
146
What town has had to invest in more flood defences
Tewksbury 2007
147
The copper industry in Swansea employed how many in the 1880s
3000
148
What % of Swansea’s population were employed in public admin, education and health
38%
149
What % of Swansea's population were employed in the hotel and restaurant industry
24%
150
What type of manufacturing happened in Birmingham
MG rover
151
What fraction of jewellery manufacturing occurred in Birmingham in a 1-mile radius of the city centre
01-Mar
152
How many visitors are attracted to the Bull Ring and Grand Central
36.5 million
153
How many higher education establishments are there in Birmingham and where is the top one ranked
6, now ranked 10th in terms of research
154
In Birmingham Ladywood how much have house prices increased
17% in 2017
155
In one-mile radius of Bryn mill Swansea Feb 2020 who many reports of anti-social behaviour
61
156
In one-mile radius of Bryn mill Swansea Oct 2019 how many cases of robbery
27
157
In one-mile radius of Sellyoak Birmingham Oct 2019 how many cases of robbery
71
158
In Birmingham what % of the population are of ethnic origin
42%
159
In Birmingham what fraction of the population are born overseas
01-May
160
What % if Swansea are non-white ethnic groups
6%
161
What % of Swansea's population born outside the UK
7%
162
Where in Birmingham can you see cultural exchange
Sparkhill and Sparkbrook
163
How is Birmingham connected nationally
M5, M6, M40 and M42
164
How is Swansea regionally important
Hosted music festivals at Brangwyn Hall and home to the tallest building in Wales Meridian Quay 107m
165
How much did popular resorts like Oxwich bay bring in to the area
£417m a year
166
When was the Bull Ring built
2003
167
How many people does the Bull Ring and Grand Central attract
38 million a year
168
Plans to overhaul St. David centre in Swansea will also include the construction of an arena with how many seats
3,500
169
How much spending was there on schools in the NP
£45bn
170
How much of gov spending was on health in the NP
£150 million
171
How many international gateways are there in the NP
9
172
How many business start-ups were there in 2014 in the NP
65,000
173
How many goods are exported annually from the NP
60bn
174
How many business visitors are received in NP
175,000
175
How many research universities are there in the NP
8
176
What % of apprentices are in the NP
one-third
177
How many consumers are there in the NP
15 million
178
What is the phrase used to describe multiple industries that locate in the same place
Agglomeration of industry
179
What did Gunner Myrdal suggest
Upwards cumulative causation
180
What term refers to not catering for all social classes and when society is divided
Social stratification
181
What are 3 ways we can measure the need for regeneration
Qualitative data, Quantitative data and Media portrayal
182
How much will the new runway at Heathrow cost
£18.6bn
183
How much money could a third runway generate
£100bn
184
How many jobs will be created as a result of the new runway
70,000
185
How many jobs will HS2 generate
40,000
186
How much money will be generated by the development of HS2
£59bn
187
What is the existing budget of HS2
£55.6bn
188
What was the original budget of HS2
£32.7bn
189
When was the national planning policy announced
20th Dec 2010
190
Between which years was the Right to Buy scheme at its peak
1980-95
191
How many council houses were sold under the Right to Buy scheme
2 million
192
What is shared ownership
Buying a proportion of the property and renting the other through the housing association
193
What is the Help to Buy scheme
Loan given to reduce the deposit required to help get on to the property ladder- in
194
How much gas will need to be imported by 2020
70%
195
Give an example of 2 fracking sites
Lake District, Lancashire
196
How much shale is estimated in the North of England
37 million m3
197
In 2015 how much of oil and gas was discovered near Gatwick airport
£300 billion
198
When was planned drilling to start in NW Lancashire
2015
199
What is the overall worth of industry in London e.g. consultants and accountants
£95bn
200
In 2004 how many eastern European countries joined the EU and how many followed in 2007
8, 2
201
Due to Russian oligarchs how much is inputted into the UK economy each year
£7bn
202
How many Russians call London home
100,000
203
When did most Russians come to the UK
In the 1990s after the fall of the USSR
204
What % of houses worth more the £5million are bought by Russians
20%
205
What % of the prime core of the capital do the oligarchs account for
2%
206
In Poland what was the rate of unemployment
18.20%
207
How much do polish migrants contribute to the UK economy each year
£25bn
208
Why are polish migrants beneficial
They contribute 34% more in taxes than they receive in benefits and they fill job shortages
209
How many more primary school places are needed due to demand from migration
130,000
210
How much money was made in Cabot Circus from retail led regeneration
£500 million
211
How many more parking spaces were made in Cabot Circus
2500
212
How many leading shops are in Cabot Circus
120
213
How many apartments and houses were built due to Cabot Circus
250
214
How many high-tech jobs were created by the 2012 London Olympics
3000
215
How many of the world's journalists attended the Olympics
30,000
216
How many companies had to move to make room for the Olympic Park
380 employing 11,000
217
How many tickets were sold to the Olympics
9 million
218
Name 3 stakeholders to the Olympics who had positive attitudes
Athletes, Spectators, Government
219
Name 2 stakeholders to the Olympics who had negative attitudes
Local people, Less Qualified workers
220
How much did the Olympics cost
£10bn
221
How many new homes were built
1000 new homes and 9000 around the park
222
Name 3 stakeholder in Powys
Farmers, Local gov, Business owners
223
In regeneration in Powys how many volunteer was there and how much did they contribute to the economy
26,000 £173.6million
224
How much is the Green Investment Bank making available to research and development
£1bn including £200 million for low carbon tech £860 to encourage renewable heat and £30 million for improving energy efficiency
225
How much does tourism add to the Bradford region
£500 million
226
When did the Titanic Quarter open in Belfast
2009
227
How many long-term jobs did the TQ provide
20,000
228
How many visitors were there to the TQ in the first year of opening
800,000
229
How much did the TQ provide in terms of visitor attraction
£97 million
230
How much did the TQ add to the economy
£105 million
231
How much was invested into new Bronte branded buses in Haworth in 2015
£210,000
232
When was the fair-trade village in Haworth opened
2002
233
When did Haworth fair-trade partner with Machu Picchu in Peru
21st Oct 2005
234
How many day trips are there to Haworth each year
8.6 million
235
What is the village of Saltaire
UNESCO site
236
How did Skipbridge farm become a wedding venue
Using EU grants and subsidies to diversify
237
What % of healthcare was good in Island Ward in 2001 compared to 2011
57%; 84%
238
What % of healthcare was good in Belfast in 2001 compared to 2011
75%; 80%
239
What % of healthcare was good in Haworth in 2001 compared to 2011
71%; 35%
240
What % of healthcare was good in Bradford in 2001 compared to 2011
67%; 36%
241
What % of households owned their house with a mortgage in Island Ward in 2001 compared to 2011
11%; 68%
242
What % of households owned their house with a mortgage in Belfast in 2001 compared to 2011
31%; 63%
243
What % of households owned their house with a mortgage in Haworth in 2001 compared to 2011
50%; 42%
244
What % of households owned their house with a mortgage in Bradford in 2001 compared to 2011
42%; 35%
