Zoonoses Flashcards
(25 cards)
R. rickettsii - Epi
<2k US cases (hard to distinguish sp.), targets western hemisphere
R. rickettsii - Encounter
“Tick bite from dog ticks, but age 40+ and dog presence are also risk factors”
R. rickettsii - virulence
“Actin motility, rOmp A and B bind to Ku70 receptor, phagosome formation”
R. rickettsii - Spread / Entry
“Blood vessel endothelial cell attachment, uses LPS and outer membrane proteins”
R. rickettsii - Symptoms
“Fever, headache, rash, vomiting, pain, lack of appetite, encephalitis, cardiac arrhythmia”
R. rickettsii - DTP
D: PCR, IgG serology
T: “Doxycycline can prevent symptoms”
P: “Don’t play with strays, keep pets clean”
B. henselae (Cat scratch) - Epi
“12k US cases / yr, mainly children under 15”
B. henselae - Encounter
“In 45% of stray cats, cat scratches flea poop then us”
B. henselae - Virulence
“BadA adhesion to extracellular proteins, VirB T4SS modulates immunity through effectors, BafA promotes angiogenesis, Deformin for membrane breakdown”
B. henselae - Spread / Entry
“Hides in endothelial cells, then travels to lymph nodes, causing continuous T-cell response, swelling, and granulomas”
B. henselae - Symptoms
” Cat scratch disease - Fever, enlarged lymph nodes, pustule at scratch site, eye infections”
B. henselae - DTP
D: “PCR or lymph node cultures after several weeks (very slow growth)”
T: “Azithromycin and beta lactams limit swelling”
P: “Don’t play with strays, keep pets clean, use flea collar”
B. burgdorferi (Lyme disease) - Epi
“20k US cases in 2021”
B. burgdorferi - Encounter
Humans bitten by Ixodes ticks, tick and mouse reservoirs
B. burgdorferi - Entry
“Transfer begins 48 hrs after feeding; triggered by warm blood meal”
B. burgdorferi - Virulence
Expressing highly variable VlsE protein post-infection to prevent humoral response, Biofilm formation and round bodies
B. burgdorferi - Spread
“Stage 1: Highly motile, spreading through skin
Stage 2: Other tissues
Stage 3: Slowed reproduction”
B. burgdorferi - Symptoms
Lyme Disease:
“Early Local: bullseye rash, flu-like symptoms
Early Disseminated: Neurological problems (meningitis, facial palsy)
Late disseminated: Motor / sensory impairment, shooting pains, insomnia, etc.”
B. burgdorferi - DTP
D: “ELISA / Immunoblot several weeks after infection”
T: “Doxycycline for early stages, cephalosporin for neuronal issues”
P: Don’t get tick bites, new vaccine in 2022
Arthropod viruses - Epi
“700k deaths worldwide, 3k US cases”
Arthropod viruses - Encounter
“Mosquito / tick / fly transmission, replicate in arthropod vector”
Arthropod viruses - Entry
“Virus replicates and goes
to salivary glands after biting human”
Arthropod viruses - Spread
“Carried to lymph nodes by dendritic cells, targeting CNS, joints, skin”
Arthropod viruses - Symptoms
“Yellow fever causes liver failure, west nile affects neuron activity”
