neuro

I. Body Sensation A. Fine Touch, Vibration, Pressure: Dorsal Column- Medial Lemniscus 1 sensory neurons cell bodies in the DRG that extend processes ipsilaterally in the gracile and cuneate tracts 2 cell bodies in ipsilateral gracile and cuneate nuclei, decussate as internal arcuate fibers, ascend to VPL 3 cell bodies in VPL, processes extending to somatosensory cortex, post-central gyrus B. Brush, Temperature, Pain: Spinothalamic Tract of the Anterolateral system 1. sensory neurons with

I. Dorsal Ventral organization a. ventral- Shh (sonic hedgehog) b. dorsal= BMP + Vitamin A II. Caudal-Rostral a. caudal= high retinoic acid b. III. Cortical Deep Organization First to last: Marginal (1), 6,5,4,3,2 Radial Glia IV. Neuron/ Glia Balance V. Molecular Signals BMP, noggin/chordin, Shh, TGF-B, RA, notch-1, numb, delta VI. Medical Conditions A. Spina Bifida i. occulta ii. meningocoele iii. myelomeningocoele B. Anencephaly C. Statins interrupt Shh may cause

Localizing Lesions: what do tracts do? Where do they cross? How are they mapped? Tracts Lateral Corticospinal and Corticobulbar Tracts: a 2-3 neuron pathway pathway composed of a large upper motor neuron that synapses onto a lower motor neuron in the spinal chord's ventral horn 1. cortex: pyramidal layer 2. cortex: corona radiata 3. deep cerebrum: internal capsule 4. midbrain: cerebral peduncles 5. pons: corticofugal fibers, basis pontis 6. medulla: pyramid 7. spinal chord (caudal

What do I absolutely need to know: 1. the auditory pathway 2. Rx: conduction disorders and tests 3. Sound Transduction/ regulation 1. Hair Cells (Organ of Corti) in: out: 2. bipolar cells (cochlear ganglion) in: out: 3. Cochlear Nerve (CN VIII) in: out: 4. Cochlear Nuclei in: out: 5. Cerebellopontine Angle (brainstem) in: out: 6. superior olivary nucleus 1. directly 2. through Trapezoid body 7. lateral lemniscus 8. Inferior Colliculus 9. Gyri of Heschl (temporal lobe

I. Introduction II.Trigeminal System: low sensitivity, general noxious III. Olfactory System IV. Gustatory System distribution of papialle, what they sense, how they're innervated mechanisms of sensing different stimuli physiology: across fiber response is important know charts of stimulus distribution The focus of this lecture is physiology It is also important to know anatomy there is a conspicuous absence of Rx