So, you can read, write, and understand English at a high level, but when it comes to speaking it? That’s where many advanced learners hit a wall.
It’s not that you don’t know the words. You do. Your vocabulary is huge. Your grammar? Impressive. (Especially if you’re using Brainscape’s TOEFL or Advanced English flashcards to study.) But turning all that knowledge into natural, confident speech, especially under pressure, is another skill entirely. And like any skill, it takes practice.
That’s why we created this speaking resource: to help you sharpen one of the four core language skills (speaking) and build the kind of fluency that sounds effortless, professional, and ready for any college classroom, office meeting, or high-stakes exam room.
Whether you’re preparing for the TOEFL, IELTS, CELPIP, or TOEIC, or simply want to speak with the confidence of a native speaker, these exercises will train your brain to think in English and to speak it naturally, without second-guessing every word.
Here’s How it Works
Each section begins with a short instruction, for example:
Answer the prompt aloud, beginning with an introductory sentence.
You’ll then see:
- A sample question, to show what kind of prompt you’ll be responding to.
- A sample answer, so you can get a feel for how to structure your response.
After that, it’s your turn. You’ll find a list of practice prompts, each designed to help you exercise different parts of your speaking ability, such as forming opinions, giving examples, describing experiences, or defending a point of view.
- Tip # 1: Answer each question out loud, as though you’re having a real conversation. Imagine you’re explaining it to a friend, or an examiner, or the admissions committee at your dream university.
- Tip # 2: Record your responses on your phone. Listening back will help you hear your pacing, pronunciation, clarity, and overall fluency. Once you’ve finished a set, you can compare your recordings with the sample answers at the bottom of this resource to identify what you’re already doing well, and what you can improve next time.
Then, after each question, we’ve included possible answers to inspire you. (Try to answer the questions first, and then refer to them if you’d like help.) Remember, these aren’t “correct” answers. There’s no single right response here. Instead, they show you different ways you could start or shape your sentences. For example:
The more ways you practice answering each question, the more fluent and flexible your speech will become. You’ll be amazed how quickly your answers evolve from hesitant to natural. And when you pair these exercises with Brainscape’s Advanced English or TOEFL flashcards, you’ll accelerate that process even further. You’ll build vocabulary, internalize grammar, and train your tongue to keep up with your brain.
So take a deep breath and start talking. The only wrong answer is silence.
Are you ready? Let’s go!
Question 1: Answer the prompts out loud, beginning with an introductory sentence.
1.1. Do you prefer to spend your weekends relaxing or being active? [Start with "I prefer..."]
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer to relax on weekends because I work hard all week and need the rest to feel refreshed.
I prefer relaxing on weekends because my job is demanding and I otherwise wouldn’t spend much time with my family.
I prefer weekends at home, relaxing, because it’s a good opportunity to do the things I love like reading and socializing.
1.2. Do you prefer to travel to new places or revisit familiar destinations? [Start with "I like..."]
Click here for possible answers.
I like traveling to new places because it feels exciting and helps me learn about different cultures.
I like to revisit familiar destinations because they make me feel comfortable and I already know the things I enjoy doing there.
I like traveling to new places because each trip teaches me something new and keeps life interesting.
1.3. Do you prefer using a smartphone or a computer for daily tasks? [Start with "I prefer..."]
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer using a smartphone to using a computer because it’s faster for simple tasks like messaging, checking maps, and browsing the internet.
I prefer using a smartphone to using a computer because I can take it anywhere and finish my tasks even when I am not at home.
I prefer using a smartphone to using a computer because it feels more convenient for daily activities and helps me stay organized throughout the day.
1.4. Do you prefer spending time with friends or family? [Start with “I’d rather…”]
Click here for possible answers.
I would rather spend time with friends because we always have fun together and they help me relax after a busy week.
I would rather spend time with family because I do not see them often and I want to stay close to them.
I would rather spend time with friends because we share the same interests and enjoy trying new activities together.
Question 2: Answer the following prompts out loud, giving one reason and an example.
Now let’s try this again with the following prompts, remembering to provide a reason and an example:
2.1. I prefer spending time outdoors.
Click here for possible answers.
Being outdoors keeps me active because I move around more and feel healthier. For example, last summer I played soccer in the park with my neighbours, which helped me stay fit and have fun.
Being outdoors improves my mood because fresh air helps me relax. For example, when I take a walk in the park after school, I always feel calmer and more positive.
Being outdoors gives me more energy because natural light makes me feel awake. For example, when I go for a short run in the morning, I stay focused for the rest of the day.
2.2. I prefer studying in a quiet environment.
Click here for possible answers.
A quiet environment helps me focus better because there are no distractions. For example, I often study in my bedroom with the door closed so I can concentrate fully on my work.
A quiet environment makes it easier for me to stay organized because I can process information more clearly. For example, when I go to the library, I usually finish my assignments much faster.
A quiet environment improves my productivity because I do not get interrupted. For example, when I switch off my phone and study in a silent room, I remember the material more effectively.
2.3. I prefer cooking at home to buying takeaway food./html
Click here for possible answers.
When I cook at home, I have more control over what I eat. For example, I know every ingredient in my meal, so I can make sure that my food is natural and healthy.
Cooking at home helps me save money. For example, I can make three meals at home for the price of one takeaway meal.
I like cooking at home because it helps me stay connected with my culture. For example, I still use recipes I have learned from my parents and grandparents, but I miss that experience if I buy takeaway food.
Question 3: Answer the following prompts out loud, giving two sample reasons and examples.
Ready to try on your own? Use the following prompts:
3.1. I prefer watching movies to reading books.
Click here for possible answers.
Watching movies is more entertaining because the visuals and sound make the story feel exciting. For example, last night I watched an action film and stayed interested the whole time, unlike when I tried reading my book. Also, watching movies saves time because the story finishes quickly. I can watch a full movie in two hours, while reading the same story in book form might take a whole week.
Watching movies helps me relax because I don’t need to concentrate as much. For example, after a long day, I can just sit on the couch and enjoy a comedy without thinking too hard. Also, movies are easier to share with others. My friends and I often watch films together online, but reading a book together would take too long.
Watching movies is more enjoyable for me because they show emotions more clearly. For example, I understand characters better when I can see their expressions. Also, movies are great for learning new ideas quickly. I watched a documentary last weekend and learned more in ninety minutes than I would have from reading a long chapter on the same topic.
3.2. I prefer to use a laptop rather than a tablet.
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer using a laptop because it’s better for multitasking. For example, I can write an essay while doing research in another window, which saves me a lot of time. Also, laptops are more powerful. For example, last month I edited a large video project, and my tablet was too slow for the job.
I like using a laptop because the keyboard makes typing faster and easier. For example, when I write long assignments, I finish them much sooner on a laptop. Also, laptops handle complex software well. For example, I often use design programs for school, and they only work smoothly on my laptop.
I choose a laptop because the larger screen helps me stay focused. For example, I can view multiple documents at once during study sessions. Also, laptops are better for long-term work. For example, when I prepared a big presentation, my laptop allowed me to organise files and slides more efficiently than my tablet.
3.3. I prefer spending time with family on my days off rather than friends.
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer spending time with family on my days off because it strengthens our relationships. For example, we have dinner together every Sunday, and it makes us feel closer. Secondly, it’s more relaxing. For example, last weekend I watched a movie with my sister, and it felt like a peaceful break from a busy week.
I choose family time because it gives me emotional support. For example, when I talk to my parents, I always feel calmer afterward. Also, we create meaningful traditions together. For example, every holiday we cook a special meal, and those moments make my days off feel more memorable.
I like being with my family because we understand each other well. For example, when I share my problems, they know exactly how to help. Secondly, being with them helps me recharge. For example, I spent my last day off playing board games with my cousins, and it left me feeling refreshed for the week ahead.
Question 4: Answer the following prompts out loud with a full sample response.
Ready to try on your own?
4.1. Do you prefer pursuing personal goals or helping others achieve theirs? Why?
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer pursuing my own goals because it gives me a sense of accomplishment and helps me grow. First, when I work on my goals, like studying for a big exam, I feel proud when I succeed. For example, last semester I studied hard for a science exam and got an A, which boosted my confidence. Second, chasing my goals pushes me to improve myself. When I trained for a 5K run, I got healthier and learned discipline. Helping others is great, but I think focusing on my goals helps me become a better person, which I can then share with others. So, I would rather pursue my own goals.
4.2. Do you prefer to work in the morning or in the evening? Why?
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I prefer working in the morning because I am more focused and productive then. First, my mind feels sharp right after waking up. For example, when I write reports early, like at 7 a.m., I finish them faster and with fewer mistakes. Also, morning work sets a positive tone for my day. Once, I prepared for a big presentation before 9 a.m., and it gave me confidence all day. Evening work can feel rushed, and I am often tired. So overall, I would choose mornings to get my best work done and start the day strong.
4.3. Would you rather practice mindfulness meditation or physical exercise to reduce stress? Why?
Click here for possible answers.
I would rather do physical exercise to reduce stress because it boosts my energy and clears my mind. First, working out helps me release tension. For example, after a tough day at the office, going for a thirty-minute run makes me feel lighter and less worried. Also, exercise improves my mood. When I play soccer with friends on weekends, I laugh and forget my stress, which feels amazing. Meditation is great for some, but I find moving my body more effective. Overall, I would choose physical exercise to stay energized and keep stress away.
4.4. Do you agree or disagree that taking risks is essential for success? Why?
Click here for possible answers.
I totally agree that taking risks is key to success because it opens new opportunities and builds resilience. First, risks often lead to big breakthroughs. For example, when I switched careers to start a marketing job, it was scary, but I gained skills and contacts that boosted my career. Second, taking risks teaches you to bounce back. Once, I pitched a bold idea to my boss that did not work out, but the feedback helped me improve my next project. Playing it safe can keep you stuck. So, I believe embracing risks is crucial for achieving real success.
Question 5: Answer the following prompts out loud by giving one reason with a clear comparison.
Ready to try on your own? Use the following prompts:
5.1. Do you prefer online classes or in-person classes?
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer online classes because they save time. For example, I study at home without commuting, unlike in-person classes, which require me to travel to campus.
I choose online classes for their flexibility. For instance, I watch lectures at night, unlike in-person classes, which follow a strict schedule.
I like online classes because they help me balance work and study. For example, I can complete assignments during my lunch break, unlike in-person classes, which would force me to miss work hours.
5.2. Do you prefer exercising indoors or outdoors?
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer exercising outdoors because it’s more refreshing. For example, jogging in the park feels energizing, whereas indoor workouts feel stuffy to me.
I choose outdoor exercise for the variety. For instance, I cycle on trails, whereas indoor gyms have only machines.
I enjoy outdoor workouts because the natural environment motivates me. For example, hiking in the mountains challenges my body, whereas indoor routines sometimes feel repetitive.
5.3. Would you rather travel by car or by airplane?
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer traveling by car because it’s more flexible. For example, I can stop at scenic spots during road trips. In contrast, airplane travel restricts my schedule.
I choose car travel for the cost savings. For instance, driving to a nearby city is cheaper. In contrast, plane tickets are often expensive.
I like traveling by car because it feels more comfortable. For example, I can adjust the temperature and take breaks whenever I need. In contrast, airplane trips follow strict rules and limited personal space.
Question 6: Answer the following prompts out loud with a full sample response.
Ready to try on your own?
6.1. Would you rather communicate through video calls or text messages? Why?
Click here for possible answers.
I’d rather communicate through text messages because they’re quick and give me time to think. First, texting is super fast and convenient. For example, when I need to plan a meeting with my study group, I can send a quick message and get replies without waiting for a call. Also, it lets me choose my words carefully. Once, I had to explain a tough idea to my boss, and texting helped me write it clearly. Compared to video calls, which can feel awkward or take longer, texting is simpler and more flexible. So yes, I prefer text messages for quick and thoughtful communication.
6.2. Would you rather travel by airplane or by car? Why?
Click here for possible answers.
I’d rather travel by airplane because it’s faster and more comfortable for long trips. First, planes save a lot of time. For example, flying from New York to California takes about six hours, but driving would take days. Airplanes also let me relax more. On a recent flight, I watched movies and napped, which felt way easier than focusing on the road. Compared to cars, which can be tiring for long distances, planes are quicker and more restful. Overall, I definitely prefer flying to get where I’m going fast and comfortably.
6.3. Would you rather live in a busy urban area or a quiet rural area? Why?
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I’d rather live in a quiet, rural area because it’s peaceful and closer to nature. First, rural areas let me relax. For example, when I visited my grandparents’ countryside home, the calm atmosphere helped me unwind after a hectic workweek. Second, being near nature is refreshing. I love hiking in nearby forests, which boosts my mood. Whereas busy urban areas can be noisy and stressful, rural places offer peace and space. So, I’d choose a rural area for a peaceful life and a closer connection to nature.
6.4. Do you prefer preserving cultural traditions or embracing modern changes? Why?
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer to embrace modern changes because they drive progress and open new opportunities. Modern changes make life easier and more connected. For example, using apps like video chat helps me stay in touch with friends abroad, which wasn’t as simple before. I think adapting to change also sparks creativity. At work, I learned new software that let me design projects faster and impressed my boss. Unlike keeping all the traditions, which can sometimes hold us back, modern changes push us forward. So, I’d choose to embrace change for a more dynamic and innovative life.
Question 7: Focus on delivery and answer the following prompts out loud with a full sample response.
Before you answer, focus on your delivery. Use this scoring guide to evaluate yourself after you speak:
Pro Tip: Record yourself. Afterwards, listen back to assess your delivery: your pronunciation, pausing, and pacing. You can also give this scoring guide to AI and ask it to assess you. You can find out how to do that and more in your article How To Practice Your TOEFL Speaking Skills.
Ready to try on your own?
7.1. Explain whether you prefer city life or country life.
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer city life because it offers more convenience and opportunities. In a city, everything I need is close by, like public transportation, restaurants, and entertainment. For example, when I lived in a big city last year, I could walk to work and meet friends without needing a car. Cities also have more career options, which makes it easier to find jobs and build skills. Country life is peaceful, but I enjoy the energy and possibilities that cities offer.
7.2. Do you think schools should focus more on practical skills or academic subjects?
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I think schools should focus more on practical skills because they prepare students for real-life situations. For example, learning how to manage money, solve everyday problems, or communicate clearly can make a big difference in a student’s future. When I took a basic finance class in high school, it helped me understand budgeting and credit, which I still use today. Academic subjects are important, but practical skills give students the confidence to handle life outside the classroom.
7.3. Do you prefer reading books or watching movies?
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer reading books because they let me explore ideas in more depth. Books give me time to imagine the characters and understand their thoughts, which helps me connect with the story. For example, when I read a mystery novel last month, I felt completely involved as I tried to solve the puzzle with the detective. Movies are fun, but they often move too quickly and leave out details. Reading gives me a richer and more personal experience.
7.4. Do you prefer a healthy diet or regular exercise to improve your well-being? Why?
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer a healthy diet to improve my well-being because it affects my energy and overall health every day. When I eat nutritious meals, I feel more focused and less tired. For example, switching to a breakfast with fruit and protein helped me stay alert during morning meetings. A healthy diet also supports long-term wellness, while regular exercise is more effective when my body has the right fuel. That’s why I choose to start with good nutrition to feel my best.
Question 8: Focus on topic development and answer the following prompts out loud with a full sample response.
Before you answer, focus on your topic development. Use this scoring guide to evaluate the strength of your ideas and organization:
Pro Tip: Again, you can feed this scoring guide to an AI and ask it to assess your responses.
Ready to try on your own?
8.1. Do you prefer studying alone or with others?
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer studying alone because it helps me stay focused and manage my time better. First, when I study by myself, I can choose the pace that works best for me. For example, during finals last year, I reviewed difficult chapters slowly and skipped ahead on the parts I already understood. Second, studying alone reduces distractions. When I studied with friends, we often talked too much and didn’t finish our work. Studying alone lets me concentrate and learn more efficiently.
8.2. Do you prefer working in a team or working alone?
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer working alone because it allows me to stay organized and complete tasks the way I want. First, I can follow my own plan without waiting for others. For example, when I prepared a big presentation for school, I arranged the slides and research materials in the exact order I liked, which made the work smoother. Also, working alone helps me avoid conflicts or differences in work style. In group projects, I sometimes struggled when teammates had different priorities. Working by myself helps me stay focused and finish tasks more effectively.
8.3. Do you prefer to spend your free time indoors or outdoors?
Click here for possible answers.
I prefer spending my free time outdoors because it helps me relax and stay active. First, being outside reduces stress. For example, taking a walk in the park after class helps me clear my mind and feel refreshed. Second, outdoor activities keep me healthy. When I go hiking or ride my bike, I get exercise while enjoying fresh air. Indoors can be comfortable, but the outdoors gives me both energy and peace, which is why I enjoy it more.
Question 9: Summarize the passage in 1 to 2 sentences. Speak out loud.
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9.1 Announcement: Career Fair Registration
The university will host a career fair next month to connect students with diverse professional opportunities in various industries. All students must register online by July 15 to participate in this event. The fair will feature 50 employers, offering networking possibilities. Workshops on résumé writing and interview skills will be provided to help attendees prepare effectively.
Click here for possible answers.
The reading explains that the university will host a career fair next month and that students must register online by July 15. It also says the event will include 50 employers and offer workshops to help students prepare.
9.2 Announcement: New Outdoor Study Area
Starting next month, the university will open a new outdoor study area. It will have shaded benches and Wi-Fi. The area aims to provide a quiet space for students. Access will be limited during bad weather.
Click here for possible answers.
The reading explains that the university will open a new outdoor study area next month with shaded benches and Wi-Fi. It also mentions that access will be limited during bad weather.
9.3 Announcement: Updated Library Fine Policy
Starting this semester, the university will update library fine policies. Late book returns will cost $1 per day. Students can appeal fines with proof of issues. The goal is to encourage timely returns. Workshops on the policy start next week.
Click here for possible answers.
The reading explains that the university is updating its library fine policy so that late book returns will cost $1 per day. It also says students can appeal fines if they have valid proof of an issue.
9.4 Announcement: Campus Recycling Initiative
Starting this semester, the university will launch a mandatory campus-wide recycling program. All dorms, classrooms, and cafeterias will have separate bins for paper, plastic, and food waste. The goal is to reduce landfill waste by 30% and promote sustainability. Students must sort their waste correctly, with fines for repeated non-compliance. Training sessions are scheduled next week.
Click here for possible answers.
The reading explains that the university will launch a mandatory recycling program this semester to reduce landfill waste by 30%. It also states that students must sort their waste correctly or face fines.
9.5 Announcement: New Study Lounge Policy
Starting next month, the university will enforce a new policy for the main study lounge, limiting access to students with a valid reservation. This aims to reduce overcrowding and ensure quiet study spaces. Reservations can be made online, with a maximum of two hours per slot, and violations will result in a temporary ban. Orientation sessions will be held to explain the system.
Click here for possible answers.
The reading explains that starting next month, the study lounge will require reservations to prevent overcrowding. It also says each reservation lasts two hours, and violations may result in a temporary ban.
Question 10: Explain the lecture extract out loud using clear examples.
Pro Tip: Start your explanation with phrases like “The lecture illustrates…”, “The professor explains…”, or “The lecture mentions…” to make your response clear and academic.
Ready to try on your own?
10.1 Ecological Succession
After disruptions like fires or floods, land undergoes ecological succession, a process where small plants appear first, stabilizing soil, followed by larger vegetation over years. For instance, a barren field may sprout grasses, then shrubs, and eventually trees, restoring a vibrant ecosystem with diverse wildlife.
Explain how ecological succession restores a damaged ecosystem.
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The lecture mentions ecological succession by describing a flood-damaged valley where grasses grow first, followed by shrubs, and eventually tall pines years later. This sequence shows how the ecosystem slowly rebuilds itself over time.
10.2 Oral Tradition
Before widespread writing, communities preserved knowledge through oral tradition, using spoken narratives, often with rhymes, chants, or rhythms to aid memory. This method ensured history, values, and skills were passed across generations, like storytelling around a fire in tribal gatherings.
Explain how oral tradition preserves cultural knowledge.
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The lecture illustrates oral tradition by describing elders who use rhythmic chants to teach children tribal history. This method helps the children remember the stories clearly and pass them to the next generation.
10.3 Camouflage in Animals
Animals use camouflage to blend into their surroundings, enhancing survival by avoiding predators or aiding hunting. For example, a moth’s wings may mimic tree bark, making it nearly invisible to birds, or a predator may blend with foliage to ambush prey in dense forests.
Explain how camouflage aids an animal’s survival.
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The lecturer talks about camouflage by giving the example of a chameleon that blends into green leaves. By staying hidden from hawks, it can search for food safely without being noticed.
10.4 Collaborative Teamwork
Collaborative teamwork occurs when group members take on distinct roles, like planning or executing tasks, to achieve shared goals efficiently. For instance, in a community cleanup, organizers assign tasks while volunteers execute them, leading to a cleaner park or neighborhood.
Explain how collaborative teamwork drives group success.
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The professor explains collaborative teamwork using a school event where one student plans the schedule while others decorate or sell items. This division of roles makes the fundraiser a big success because each contribution helps the group work smoothly and raise money for a school trip.
10.5 Cultural Exchange Through Trade
Cultural exchange through trade involves sharing goods, ideas, or practices across regions, influencing lifestyles and traditions. For example, ancient trade routes introduced spices to new regions, altering cooking methods, social customs, and even local economies over time.
Explain how cultural exchange through trade impacts daily life.
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The professor describes cultural exchange through the example of silk fabrics being traded to a village. The locals learn new weaving skills, begin wearing silk clothing, and even create new festival traditions, showing how trade can influence their culture and daily routines.
10.6 Observational Learning
Observational learning occurs when individuals acquire behaviors by watching others in everyday settings, often unconsciously. For instance, a child may mimic a parent’s greeting style or organizational habits, adopting them as their own over time in social or work contexts.
Explain how observational learning shapes behavior.
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The professor talks about observational learning by describing a child who watches a teacher organize a desk and then copies the same behavior at home. This helps the child develop better study habits and stay more focused, showing how watching others can quickly build new habits, especially in school settings.
10.7 Building Team Trust
Team trust develops when members consistently rely on each other through shared responsibilities, strengthening group performance. For example, in a workplace, trust grows when colleagues meet deadlines or share resources, boosting collaboration and efficiency in projects.
Explain how team trust enhances group performance.
Click here for possible answers.
The lecture gives an example of team trust with a project manager who always provides clear instructions, leading the team to trust him completely and work confidently. This trust helps them meet goals faster, reduces delays, and allows everyone to collaborate more effectively, making the team stronger and more efficient.
10.8 Cold Weather Adaptation
Living organisms develop cold weather adaptations like thicker fur or fat layers to survive harsh winters, enabling normal activities like foraging or resting. For instance, a bear’s fat storage helps it endure cold months while hibernating or searching for scarce food in snowy landscapes.
Explain how cold weather adaptation aids survival in winter.
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The professor explains cold weather adaptation with the example of a fox growing a thicker coat in winter to stay warm. This thicker coat lets the fox hunt comfortably in the snow and find food without freezing, ensuring its survival and helping it stay active even in harsh winter conditions.
10.9 Group Norm Adherence
Group norm adherence involves following established rules or practices to maintain harmony and cooperation in a community. For example, a classroom rule to raise hands before speaking ensures orderly discussions and respects everyone’s chance to contribute.
Explain how group norm adherence promotes community harmony.
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The lecturer describes group norm adherence by explaining how employees follow a manager’s rule to submit reports on time. This keeps the workplace organized, prevents chaos during shifts, and allows the team to work smoothly and stay productive, promoting harmony and boosting overall efficiency.
Question 11: Paraphrase each sentence out loud using reported speech.
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11.1 Writing things down helps people remember them longer.
Start with: “The lecturer suggests that…”
Click here for possible answers.
The lecturer suggests that writing things down helps people remember them longer.
Or, with more paraphrasing:
The lecturer suggests that people retain information better by recording it in writing.
Use suggests when the speaker presents an idea as a possibility rather than a certainty.
11.2 The new policy will reduce pollution in urban areas.
Start with: “The passage states that…”
Click here for possible answers.
The passage states that the new policy will reduce pollution in urban areas.
Or, with more paraphrasing:
The passage states that urban pollution will decrease as a result of the new policy.
Use state when the information is presented clearly and directly as a fact.
11.3 This method is the most effective way to cut emissions.
Start with: “The lecturer states that…”
Click here for possible answers.
The lecturer states that this method is the most effective way to cut emissions.
Or, with more paraphrasing:
The lecturer states that using this approach is the best way to reduce emissions.
Use state when the speaker presents a fact or clear information.
11.4 Online courses are as challenging as traditional classes.
Start with: “The passage claims that…”
Click here for possible answers.
The passage claims that online courses are as challenging as traditional classes.
Or, with more paraphrasing:
The passage claims that distance learning is just as demanding as classroom instruction.
Use claim when the writer presents an opinion or viewpoint that may need support.
11.5 The new software will save students a lot of time.
Start with: “The lecturer claims that…”
Click here for possible answers.
The lecturer claims that the new software will save students a lot of time.
Or, with more paraphrasing:
The lecturer claims that students can complete their work faster with the new software.
Use claim for opinions or assertions that are open to debate or require evidence.
11.6 Banning cars from city centers would improve air quality.
Start with: “The passage argues that…”
Click here for possible answers.
The passage argues that banning cars from city centers would improve air quality.
Or, with more paraphrasing:
The passage argues that removing cars from downtown areas will make the air cleaner.
Use argue when the writer presents reasons or evidence to support an opinion.
11.7 Increasing taxes on cigarettes will lower smoking rates.
Start with: “The lecturer argues that…”
Click here for possible answers.
The lecturer argues that increasing taxes on cigarettes will lower smoking rates.
Or, with more paraphrasing:
The lecturer argues that raising cigarette taxes will lead to fewer people smoking.
Use argue when the speaker gives reasons or evidence for a point of view.
11.8 The rise in tuition fees is due to higher administrative costs.
Start with: “The passage explains that…”
Click here for possible answers.
The passage explains that the rise in tuition fees is due to higher administrative costs.
Or, with more paraphrasing:
The passage explains that tuition increased because of more spending on administration.
Use explain when the writer provides reasons or details about a situation or fact.
11.9 The professor described how photosynthesis works in plants.
Start with: “The lecturer explains that…”
Click here for possible answers.
The lecturer explains that photosynthesis is the process by which plants make their food.
Or, with more paraphrasing:
The lecturer explains that plants produce food through photosynthesis.
Use explain when the speaker provides reasons, details, or clarifies a process or idea.
Question 12: Read a sentence from a reading and a lecture on the same topic. Contrast the main idea from the reading and the lecture. Answer out loud.
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12.1
Reading: “Raising tuition fees will improve education quality.”
Lecture: “Raising tuition fees will make education less accessible.”
Start with: “Although the passage claims that…”
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Although the passage claims that raising tuition fees will improve education quality, the lecturer disagrees, saying it will make education less accessible.
Use although or however to connect contrasting points.
12.2
Reading: “Public parks are always safe places for children.”
Lecture: “Public parks can be unsafe at night.”
Start with: “The passage suggests that…”
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The passage suggests that public parks are always safe for children, but the lecturer states they can be unsafe at night.
Use but to show a clear contrast in opinions.
12.3
Reading: “Carpooling is the best way to reduce traffic.”
Lecture: “Improving public transportation is more effective than carpooling.”
Start with: “Whereas the passage argues that…”
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Whereas the passage argues that carpooling is the best way to reduce traffic, the lecturer argues that improving public transportation is more effective.
Use whereas for a direct contrast.
12.4
Reading: “Eating breakfast improves students’ grades.”
Lecture: “Some students do well even if they skip breakfast.”
Start with: “The passage states that…”
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The passage states that eating breakfast improves students’ grades, but the lecturer points out that some students do well even if they skip breakfast.
Use but or however to introduce the lecturer’s contrasting point.
Question 13: Read a sentence from a reading and a lecture on the same topic. Show how the reading and lecture agree on the main idea. Answer out loud.
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13.1
Reading: “Studying in groups can help students learn faster.”
Lecture: “Working together in groups allows students to understand material more quickly.”
Start with: “The passage and the lecturer both state that…”
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The passage and the lecturer both state that studying in groups can help students learn faster.
Use both state or both mention to show agreement.
13.2
Reading: “Online classes offer more flexibility.”
Lecture: “Online courses allow students to study whenever they want.”
Start with: “According to both the passage and the lecturer, …”
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According to both the passage and the lecturer, online classes offer more flexibility.
Use according to both or both sources to introduce agreement.
13.3
Reading: “Climate change is a serious global problem.”
Lecture: “The speaker says climate change affects countries around the world.”
Start with: “Both sources agree that…”
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Both sources agree that climate change is a serious global problem.
Use both sources agree or are in agreement for strong agreement.
13.4
Reading: “Recycling helps reduce waste.”
Lecture: “The lecturer says recycling is important for lowering the amount of trash.”
Start with: “The passage and the lecturer both support the idea that…”
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The passage and the lecturer both support the idea that recycling helps reduce waste.
Use both support the idea or both emphasize to highlight agreement.
Other Free Resources to Help You Advance Your English Skills:
- Adaptive mobile flashcards for TOEFL vocab, grammar and pronunciation
- Adaptive mobile flashcards for advanced English learners
- Listening practice videos for advanced English learners (great for TOEFL and IELTS practice)
- Writing practice question bank for advanced English learners
- Reading practice question bank for advanced English learners