说明方法 - 举例子、列数字、打比方 Flashcards

1
Q

what is 说明文?

A

说(shuō)明(míng)文(wén) - explanatory (no storyline)

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2
Q

what is 记叙文?

A

记(jì)叙(xù)文(wén) - narrative (has storyline)

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3
Q

types of 说明文:

A

事物,事理 (things, affairs)

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4
Q

what is 举例子?

A

• 举(jǔ)例(lì)子(zǐ) (using examples to explain)

  • 通过有(yǒu)代(dài)表(biǎo)性(xìng),恰(qià)当(dàng),容(róng)易(yì)明(míng)白(bái)的(de)例(lì)子(zi)说明事物

(Representative, appropriate, easy-to-understand examples)

  • 作用:具(jù)体(tǐ)真(zhēn)切(qiè)地说明事物的(特征)。
    (specifically)
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5
Q

what is 列数字?

A

• 列(liè)数(shù)字(zì) (using numbers to explain)

  • 用数字来说明事物
  • 作用:具(jù)体(tǐ)准(zhǔn)确(què)地说明事物的(特征)。
    (specifically and accurately)
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6
Q

what is 打比方?

A

• 打(dǎ)比(bǐ)方(fāng) (using metaphors to explain)

  • 用(yòng)比(bǐ)喻(yù)来(lái)说(shuō)明(míng)清(qīng)楚(chǔ)抽(chōu)象(xiàng)的(de)道(dào)理(lǐ)

(Using metaphors to illustrate clear and abstract truths)

  • 作用:生(shēng)动(dòng)形(xíng)象(xiàng)地说明事物的(特征)。

*if 说明文 is the comprehension in exam, cannot write 比喻 as the 修辞手法 because it will be marked wrong, so must write 打比方instead!

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7
Q

how to answer 说明文 questions?

A

四个部分要回答!
1. 说明方法是 ___ (state)
2. 写句子出来 (例子是什么)(copy paste the sentence)
3. 作用 (剧本真切/具体准确/生动形象地表现出…) (purpose)
4. 说明了什么特点 (special things abt the thing; can summarise the sentence/copy if can)

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8
Q

structure to answer 说明文 questions?

A

作者在 (where) 使用了 (举例子 / 列数字 / 打比方) 的说明方法,通过 (copy sentence) , 具(jù)体(tǐ)真(zhēn)切(qiè)/具(jù)体(tǐ)准(zhǔn)确(què)/生(shēng)动(dòng)形(xíng)象(xiàng)地(dì) 说明了 (特征 / purpose / *(what)的特征 )。

  • → if you really don’t know how to explain (but shouldn’t be the case as it’s quite simple)
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9
Q

what 方法 do you use ‘具体准确’ for?

A

列数字

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10
Q

what 方法 do you use ‘具体真切’ for?

A

举例子

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11
Q

what 方法 do you use ‘生动形象’ for? (in 说明文)

A

打比方

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12
Q

举例子的作用?

A
  • 作用:具(jù)体(tǐ)真(zhēn)切(qiè)地说明事物的(特征)。
    (specifically)
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13
Q

列数字的作用?

A
  • 作用:具(jù)体(tǐ)准(zhǔn)确(què)地说明事物的(特征)。
    (specifically and accurately)
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14
Q

打比方的作用?

A
  • 作用:生(shēng)动(dòng)形(xíng)象(xiàng)地说明事物的(特征)。
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15
Q

事实

A

facts

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16
Q

意见

A

opinion