Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Phar 111 Lec 1st Exam > 01 - THE HUMAN BODY: AN ORIENTATION > Flashcards

01 - THE HUMAN BODY: AN ORIENTATION Flashcards

(100 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

The Science of BODY FUNCTIONS — how the body parts work

A

Physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Structural changes (gross to microscopic) associated with disease

A

Pathology /

Pathological Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The Science of BODY STRUCTURES and the relationships among them

A

Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

FUNCTIONAL CHANGES associated with disease and aging

A

Pathophysiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  • also called the “cell biology”

- cellular structure and function

A

Cytology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Microscopic structure of TISSUES

A

Histology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

First 8 weeks of development after fertilization

A

Embryology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Complete development of an individual from FERTILIZATION TO DEATH

A

Developmental Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Involves SPECIFIC REGIONS in the body

A

Regional Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Involves structure of SPECIFIC SYSTEMS of the body

A

Systemic anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Structure that can be examined WITHOUT A MICROSCOPE

A

Gross anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Surface markings of the body to understand internal anatomy through VISUALIZATION AND PALPATION (gentle touch)

A

Surface anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Functions of the HEART AND BLOOD VESSELS

A

Cardiovascular physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chemical regulators in the blood

A

Hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hormones and how they control body functions

A

Endocrinology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Functional properties of NERVE CELLS

A

Neurophysiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Changes in cell and organ function due to MUSCULAR ACTIVITY

A

Exercise physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Functional changes associated with disease and aging

A

Pathophysiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Functions of the KIDNEYS

A

Renal physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Functions of the AIR PASSAGEWAYS AND LUNGS

A

Respiratory physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The BODY’S DEFENSES against disease-causing agents

A

Immunology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Non-ivasive techniques for the assessment of body structures and functions

A

Palpation
Auscultation
Percussion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Listens to the body sounds often using a STETHOSCOPE

A

Auscultation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Taps on the body surface with the FINGER TIPS to detect fluid, air and fluid-filled or solid masses

A

Percussion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Feels body surfaces with the HANDS
Palpation
26
Levels of Structural Organization
``` Organismal System Organ Tissue Cellular Chemical ```
27
11 organ systems
integumentary skeletal muscular nervous ``` Endocrine Cardiovascular Lymphatic Respiratory Digestive Urinary Reproductive p ```
28
Skin and glands, hair nails
Integumentary
29
Bones, cartilage, joint, ligament
Skeletal
30
Muscles, fasciae, tendon sheaths, bursae
Muscular
31
Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory and motor structures
Nervous
32
Endocrine glands and hormone-producing cells
Endocrine
33
Blood, heart and blood vessels
Cardiovascular
34
Lymphatic organs, fluid, and vessels (spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils); Cells that carry out immune responses (B cells, T cells)
Lymphatic and Immune
35
``` Lungs and air passageways Pharynx (throat) Larynx (voice box) Trachea (windpipe) Bronchial tubes (leading into and out of the lungs) ```
Respiratory
36
Organs of the GI tract and accessory structures
Digestive
37
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, ureter
Urinary
38
Gonads (testes and ovaries) and assoc. organs
Reproductive
39
Regulation of body temperature and water loss
Integumentary
40
Vit. D production
Integumentary
41
Aids in body movements
Skeletal | Muscular
42
Protects the soft and vital parts of the body
Skeletal
43
Provides surface area for muscle attachments
Skeletal
44
Stores and fats, minerals and lipids
YELLOW BONE MARROW (Skeletal)
45
Site of hematopoiesis
RED BONE MARROW (skeletal)
46
Maintains posture
Muscular
47
Generates heat
Muscular
48
Generates nerve impulses
Nervous
49
Control the special senses
Nervous
50
Detects sensations
Integumentary
51
Production of hormones
Endocrine
52
Regulates acid-balance and water
Cardiovascular Respiratory Urinary
53
Returns lost proteins and excess fluid to the blood
Lymphatic and immune
54
Houses lymphocytes
Lymphatic and immune
55
Breakdown of food and eliminates solid wastes
Digestive
56
Helps regulate production of RBCs
Urinary
57
Produce, stores and eliminates urine
Urinary
58
Production of offspring
Reproductive
59
Maintenance of sexual characteristics
Reproductive
60
Sperms or oocytes
Gametes
61
Produce gametes that unite to form new organism
Gonads
62
Female gonads
Fallopian/Uterine tube Uterus Vagina
63
Male gonads
Epididymis Vas/Ductus deferens Penis
64
Site of implantation and development
Uterus
65
Route of sperm to ovum | Transports fertilized ova from ovaries to uterus
Fallopian tube
66
Conveys sperm from EPIDIDYMIS TO URETHRA
Ductus/Vas deferens
67
Site of sperm maturation
Epididymis
68
Basic life functions
``` Metabolism Responsiveness Movement Growth Differentiation Reproduction Digestion Excretion ```
69
Precursor cells which can divide and give rise to cells that undergo differentiation
Stem cells
70
Sum of all chemical processes that occur within the body
Metabolism
71
Body's ability to detect and respond to changes in the environment
Responsiveness
72
Includes motion of the whole body
Movement
73
Increase in body size
Growth
74
Process a cell undergoes to develop from an unspecialized to a specilaized state
Differentiation
75
Reproduction may be 1) or 2)
1) formation of new cells (through CELL DIVISION) | 2) formation of a new individual (through FERTILIZATION, followed by repeated cell division and differentiation)
76
Precursor cells which can divide and give rise to cells that undergo differentiation
Stem cells
77
State of equilibrium in the body's internal environment
Homeostasis
78
Systems that maintain homeostasis in the body
Nervous | Endocrine
79
Abnormal condition of the body | With a SPECIFIC SET OF SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Disease
80
Disruption of function | Disturbance in physical or mental health functions
Disorder
81
Obsessive compulsive | Disease or Disorder
Disorder
82
Cerebral palsy | Disease or Disorder
Disorder
83
Infectious | Disease or Disorder
Disease
84
Infectious | Disease or Disorder
Disease
85
Autism | Disease or Disorder
Disorder
86
Changes that CAN OBJECTIVELY BE OBSERVED AND MEASURED
Signs
87
SUBJECTIVE CHANGES in body functions that are NOT APPARENT TO AN OBSERVER Only the patient can feel or notice
Symptoms
88
Pain | Sign or symptom?
Symptom
89
Swelling | Sign or symptom?
Sign
90
A homeostatic control mechanism
Feedback system / | Feedback loop
91
Cycle of events in which a body condition is continually monitored and adjusted to be within specific limits
Feedback system / | Feedback loop
92
Components of a Feedback system
Receptor Control center Effector
93
___1___ disrupts homeostasis by increasing or decreasing a ___2___ that is monitored by ___3___ that send nerve impulses or chemical signals to a ___4___ that receives the input and provides nerve impulses or chemical signals to ___5___ that bring about a change or ___6___ that alters the controlled condition.
1. Stimulus 2. Controlled condition 3. Receptors 4. Control center 5. Effectors 6. Response
94
Types of feedback systems
Positive | Negative
95
Most feedback loops in the body are _______
Negative
96
T/F | Positive feedback continues even if interrupted by some mechanism outside the system
F
97
T/F | Tendons bind bone to bone
F | Muscle to bone
98
T/F | Lipids and fats are stored in the yellow bone marrow
T
99
T/F | Catabolism is the building up of simple substances into complex ones
F | Breaking down
100
Disorders come with specific set of signs and symptoms
F | Disease

Phar 111 Lec 1st Exam (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions