02 - MEDICAL IMAGING Flashcards by Vivian Bañares

Visualization of structures inside the body

- Helpful for precise diagnosis of a wide range of anatomical and physiological disorders

Medical imaging

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visualization of the internal parts of the body using x-ray techniques

Radiography (x-ray)

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Types of x-ray

Traditional
Contrast
Special types

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a 2D image of interior structures produced when an x-ray beam is passed through the body

Radiograph or x-ray film

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Dense structures: _____
Hollow: _____
Intermediate: _____

White
Black
Gray

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makes hollow or fluid-filled structures visible in radiographs

Contrast x-rays

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Most commonly used contrast medium

Barium sulfate

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Used to image blood vessels

Angiography

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Used to image the urinary system

Intravenous urography

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Used to image the GIT

Barium sulfate contrast x-ray

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X-ray to capture internal structures of the breasts

Process: _______
Image: _______

Mammography

2. Mammogram

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used to measure the calcium content of the bone

Bone Densitometry

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DEXA means

Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

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DEXA is used for

Measuring Bone Mineral Density (BMD)

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Parts usually examined by DEXA

Lumbar spine
Hips
Forearm

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T/F

Thicker bones, more calcium content

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A medical imaging procedure that uses x-rays to show CROSS-SECTIONAL images or “slices” of areas of the body

Computed Tomography (CT) Scanning

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CT Scan is also called

Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) Scanning

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Visualizes SOFT TISSUES & ORGANS and BONY STRUCTURES in much more and good details

CT Scan

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targets the TORSO

- provides the most benefit in screening for lung cancers, coronary artery disease, & kidney cancers

Whole-body CT Scanning

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visualization of the internal parts of the body using x-ray techniques

Radiography (x-ray)

How well did you know this?

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Perfectly

Types of x-ray

Traditional
Contrast
Special types

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a 2D image of interior structures produced when an x-ray beam is passed through the body

Radiograph or x-ray film

How well did you know this?

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Dense structures: _____
Hollow: _____
Intermediate: _____

White
Black
Gray

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makes hollow or fluid-filled structures visible in radiographs

Contrast x-rays

Most commonly used contrast medium

Barium sulfate

Used to image blood vessels

Angiography

Used to image the urinary system

Intravenous urography

Used to image the GIT

Barium sulfate contrast x-ray

X-ray to capture internal structures of the breasts 1. Process: _______ 2. Image: _______

1. Mammography | 2. Mammogram

used to measure the calcium content of the bone

Bone Densitometry

DEXA means

Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

DEXA is used for

Measuring Bone Mineral Density (BMD)

Parts usually examined by DEXA

Lumbar spine Hips Forearm

T/F | Thicker bones, more calcium content

A medical imaging procedure that uses x-rays to show CROSS-SECTIONAL images or "slices" of areas of the body

Computed Tomography (CT) Scanning

CT Scan is also called

Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) Scanning

Visualizes SOFT TISSUES & ORGANS and BONY STRUCTURES in much more and good details

CT Scan

- targets the TORSO | - provides the most benefit in screening for lung cancers, coronary artery disease, & kidney cancers

Whole-body CT Scanning

Special types of radiography

Mammography | Bone densitometry / DEXA

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses ________________ and ________________

High-energy magnetic field | Pulses of radio wave energy

The body being studied is placed in a special machine that contains a _________

Strong magnet

T/F | MRI provides a 3D blueprint only

F | BOTH 2D and 3D

T/F | MRI shows details for BOTH SOFT TISSUES AND BONES

F | SOFT TISSUES ONLY, not bones

T/F | MRI has better detection and descriptive powers that CT

_________________ may be used during MRI to show abnormal TISSUES more clearly

Contrast material

Uses high-frequency sound waves produced by a handheld wand reflect off body tissues & are detected by the same instrument

Ultrasound Scanning (Sonography)

T/F | Sonogram is a moving image of an ultrasound scan

F | May be STILL OR MOVING

Device used in ultrasound scanning

Transducer

A person that conducts ultrasound scanning

Sonologist

Transducer can ______ and ________ sound

Transmit | Receive

T/F | Ultrasound requires a surface with friction to obtain a perfect image

F | Frictionless surface

Acts as a lubricant that allows for easy movement of the transducer across the skin

Ultrasound gel

Ultrasound produces images that includes ___________ ___________ and ___________ of the organs

Size Location Action

Uses high frequency sound waves to measure BLOOD FLOW AND PRESSURE

Doppler Ultrasound

Positron-emitting substance is injected in the body and taken up by tissues

Positron-emission tomography (PET)

Positron + electrons = __________

Gamma

Used to study the PHYSIOLOGY of body structures such as metabolism of the brain or heart

Positron Emission Tomography

In PET, these colors indicate Black and blue: ____1____ Red, orange, yellow and white: ____2____

1. Minimal activity | 2. Greater activity

A radioactive substance is introduced intravenously into the body and carried by the blood

Radionuclide scanning

Radionuclide scanning is used to find out how well an organ functions by looking at the ________________

Supply of blood to its tissues

What takes up the particle injected into the body PET: ____1____ Radionuclide scanning: ___2___

1. Tissues | 2. Blood

Device injected into the vein and used in radionuclide scanning

Radiotracer

T/F In radionuclide image, areas if INTENSE COLOR indicates HIGH TISSUE ACTIVITY while those with LESS INTENSE COLOR has LOW TISSUE ACTIVITY

Used to study activity of a tissue or organ, such as the heart, lungs, thyroid gland, & kidneys

Radionuclide scanning

Useful for studying brain, heart, lungs and liver

SPECT

SPECT mean

Single-Photo-Emission Computerized Tomography

T/F | SPECT can be used to produce vertical cross sections through the body

F | BOTH VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL

visual examination of the inside of body organs or cavities using a lighted instrument with lenses called an endoscope

Endoscopy

Types of Endoscopy | - interior of the COLON

Colonoscopy

Types of Endoscopy | - organs within the ABDOMINOPELVIC cavity

Laparoscopy

Types of Endoscopy | - interior of a JOINT, usually the knee

Arthroscopy

Types of Endoscopy | - back of the throat including the voicebox (larynx)

Laryngoscopy

Types of Endoscopy | - throat, larynx, trachea, lower airways

Bronchoscopy

Types of Endoscopy | - internal surfaces of the nose and throat (nasopharynx)

Nasopharyngoscopy

02 - MEDICAL IMAGING Flashcards

(75 cards)