[05] Mithocondria Flashcards
What is mitochondria?
An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, where it produces energy in the form of ATP.
Where is mitochondria located?
Within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
What is the basic structure of mitochondria?
- Outer membrane
- Inner membrane
- Cristae
- Matrix
What is the function of the outer membrane of mitochondria?
Regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the mitochondria.
What is the function of the inner membrane of mitochondria?
Contains proteins for ATP production and is where the electron transport chain occurs.
What is the function of the cristae in mitochondria?
Increases surface area for more ATP production.
What is the function of the matrix in mitochondria?
Contains enzymes for the citric acid cycle and DNA and ribosomes for protein synthesis.
What is ATP?
Adenosine triphosphate, the main energy currency of cells.
How does mitochondria produce ATP?
Through a process called cellular respiration which includes glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
What is glycolysis?
The process of breaking down glucose into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP.
Where does glycolysis occur?
In the cytoplasm of the cell.
What is the Krebs cycle?
A series of chemical reactions that generates high-energy electrons from acetyl-CoA, derived from pyruvate.
Where does the Krebs cycle occur?
In the mitochondrial matrix.
What is the electron transport chain?
A series of protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane that transfers electrons to generate a proton gradient for ATP production.
Where does the electron transport chain occur?
In the inner mitochondrial membrane.
