1. Intro Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are the goals for requirement analysis ?
- Ascertain the user’s needs
- Ensure reliability
- Promote standardization
- Complete projects on time and within budget
What does building successful user interfaces requires?
- Thoughtful planning
- Sensitivity to user’s needs
- Devotion to requirement analysis
- Diligent testing
What are the usability measures?
- Time to learn
- Speed of performance
- Rate of errors by user
- Retention over time
- Subjective satisfaction
Give 5 examples of emanates from designers and managers in various domains:
- Life-critical systems
- Industrial and commercial uses
- Home and entertainment applications
- Exploratory, creative, and collaborative interfaces
- Socio-technical systems (health support, identity verification)
Give examples of life-critical systems?
- Air traffic control
- Nuclear reactors
- Medical instruments
Give examples of industrial and commercial uses?
- Banking systems
- Airline and hotel reservation
- Point of sales terminals
Give examples of office, home and entertainment systems?
- Word processing
- Games
What are the three domain-independent dimensions of user models?
- Canonical vs individual models
- Explicit vs Implicit models
- Long-term vs short-term models
What are the differences between Canonical vs Individual model ?
• Canonical:
- classical
- all purpose
- designed once for all with systems structure
• Individual:
- more flexible
- tailored to specific user
- needs to be built and maintained by user
What are the differences between Explicit vs Implicit model ?
• Explicit:
- allow users to configure system as they wish ie changing background color
• Implicit:
- specified by observing user’s behaviour
- Simple facts ie set a deafult printer is used frequently, or activate task the user was working on last time
- Sophisticated (AI) behaviour, ie if user is doing x, he probably wants y or is a y type of user
What are the differences between Long-term vs Short-term model ?
• Long-term:
- static characteristics of users ie preferences (background color), cognitive factors (level of maths)
- kept for subsequent interactions
• Short-term:
- dynamic characteristics based on interaction ie preferences (current printer), cognitive factors (current goal)
- may be safety deleted at the end of interaction
What are the three types of user classes?
- Novice
- Knowledgable intermittent
- Expert user
What are the assumed characteristics of a novice user?
- Knows little of the task or interface concepts
- Learning-inhibiting anxiety about using computers
- Present significant challenge when designing systems
What are the assumed characteristics of an expert user?
- Familiar with tasks and interface concepts
- Seek to get their work done quickly
- Rapid response time
- Require brief and non-distracting feedback
- Will look for shortcuts, macros, patterns, etc
What are the assumed characteristics of an Knowledgeable Intermittent user?
- Stable task concepts and broad knowledge of interface concepts
- May forget details ie structure of menu, location of menu items
What are the guidelines for novice users?
- Provide clear instructions
- Restrict vocabulary
- Small number of actions -> reduces anxiety, builds confidence, positive reinforcement
- Informative feedback about accomplishments
- Constructive specific error messages
- Carefully designed user documentation
What are the guidelines for expert users?
- Rapid and brief feedback
- Provide abbreviated command sequences accelerators
- Don’t waste time for confirmations
- Seek info only when important
What are the guidelines for knowledgable intermittent users?
- Provide well structured menus
- Consistent
- Use prompts
- Make content sensitive
- Well organised manuals
