1 - States of Matter

Question 1

What are the 3 states of matter?

Answer 1

Solid, Liquid and Gas

Question 2

Describe the arrangement of particles in a GAS particle model

Answer 2

Random
Far apart

Question 3

Describe the arrangement of particles in a GAS particle model

Answer 3

Fast in all directions

Question 4

Describe the movement of particles in a LIQUID particle model

Answer 4

Random
Close together

Question 5

Describe the arrangement of particles in a LIQUID particle model

Answer 5

Move around each other

Question 6

Describe the arrangement of particles in a SOLID particle model

Answer 6

Regular
Close together

Question 7

Describe the arrangement of particles in a LIQUID particle model

Answer 7

Move around each other

Question 8

Describe the arrangement of particles in a SOLID particle model

Answer 8

Vibrate around in fixed positions

Question 9

What are state changes?

Answer 9

• PHYSICAL CHANGES
• Can be reversed
• Chemical properties of the substance don’t change

Question 10

What is a physical change?

Answer 10

A state in which no new substances are formed, such as the changes of state

Question 11

What is a chemical property?

Answer 11

How a substance reacts with other substances

Question 12

What are attractive forces?

Answer 12

The weak forces of attraction between molecules

Question 13

What is the composition of a pure substance?

Answer 13

• Cannot be changed
• Is the same in all parts of the substance

Question 14

What is an element?

Answer 14

A simple substance only made up of one type of atom

Question 15

What is a compound?

Answer 15

A substance that can be split into simpler substances bc it contains the atoms of 2 or more elements joined together

Question 16

What is a mixture?

Answer 16

A substance containing 2 or more different substances that are not joined together

Question 17

What is sublimation?

Answer 17

When a solid transforms into a gas without melting to form a liquid phase

Question 18

What is deposition?

Answer 18

When a gas transforms straight into a solid

Question 19

What is it called when a GAS becomes a LIQUID?

Answer 19

Condensing

Question 20

What is it called when a LIQUID becomes a SOLID?

Answer 20

Freezing

Question 21

What is it called when a SOLID becomes a LIQUID?

Answer 21

Melting

Question 22

What is it called when a LIQUID becomes a GAS?

Answer 22

Evaporation / boiling

Question 23

What is it called when a GAS becomes a SOLID?

Answer 23

Deposition

Question 24

What is it called when a SOLID becomes a GAS?

Answer 24

Sublimation

Question 25

How can you predict the state of a substance?

Answer 25

If you know its melting & boiling point

Question 26

If a substance is below its melting point, what state will it be?

Answer 26

Solid

Question 27

If a substance is between its melting & boiling point, what state will it be?

Answer 27

Liquid

Question 28

If a substance is above its boiling point, what state will it be?

Answer 28

Gas

Question 29

How are attractive forces between particles overcome during evaporation?

Answer 29

Energy must be transferred from the surroundings to the particles | This is why you heat ice to melt it or boil water in a kettle

Question 30

How are attractive forces between particles formed during condensing / freezing?

Answer 30

Energy must be transferred from the particles to the surroundings | This is why water is put in a freezer to make ice

Question 31

What is happening on these flat areas of the graph?

Answer 31

a - Solid is **melting** to a liquid b - Liquid is **boiling** to a gas

Question 32

Why does the temperature stay constant during a physical change?

Answer 32

Heat energy produced is used up in changing the state of matter and also for breaking numerous bonds or attractive forces