1. Tibia & Fibula

Question 1

overall fxn of tibia

Answer 1

directly articulates w/ femur

weight is transferred thru condyles

Question 2

overall fxn of fibula

Answer 2

serves as attachment site for muscles

not much weight/if at all is transferred

Question 3

name the structure on the tibial plateau:

in green

what attaches here?

Answer 3

tibial tuberosity;

patellar ligament/tendon, & quadriceps tendon both attach here

Question 4

name the structure on the tibial plateau:

in BLUE

Answer 4

intercondylar eminence/ prominences

*aka “spines” or “processes”

Question 5

1. name the structure(s) on the tibial plateau:

in yellow

2. What attaches here?

Answer 5

anterior intercondylar area

ACL attaches here

Question 6

1. name the structure(s) on the tibial plateau:

in purple

2. What attaches here?

Answer 6

posterior intercondylar area

PCL attaches

Question 7

which color is the MEDIAL articular surface?

how do you know?

Answer 7

pink

•medial condyle is elongated, larger, less C-shaped,

whereas lateral is more C-shaped

Question 8

which bone is this?

identify the surfaces

Answer 8

tibia

1. lateral surface - more concave
2. medial surface - less concave
3. posterior surface

Question 9

identify MEDIAL surface?

what attaches here?

Answer 9

2.

pes anserinas attaches here

Question 10

on what surface is the nutrient foramen located?

what is it a branch of?

Answer 10

posterior surface (3)

nutrient artery is a branch of the posterior tibial artery (near it’s origin)

Question 11

name the borders

Answer 11

1. anterior border
2. medial border
3. lateral/interosseus border

Question 12

name the muscular compartments located on the tibia

which surface does it correspond with?

Answer 12

(1) anterior compartment muscles (on lateral surface)
(3) posterior compartment muscles (on posterior surface)

Question 13

describe the course of the anterior border of the tibia?

Answer 13

starts from TIBIAL TUBEROSITY proximally,

extends down anteriorly

forms anterior border of medial malleolus

Question 14

describe origin and course of soleal line

Answer 14

starts below articulation of tibia and fibula

descends obliquely towards medial side, joining medial border

Question 15

what inserts ABOVE soleal line?

what originates ON the soleal line?

Answer 15

popliteus inserts above soleal line (deep muscle of posterior compartment)

soleus originates ON the soleal line

Question 16

the vertical line of tibia separates which 2 muscle attachments?

Answer 16

Tibialis posterior (laterally) and

Flexor digitorum longus (medially)

Question 17

relationship of nutrient foramen and vertical line?

Answer 17

nutrient foramen is on posterior surface, LATERAL to the vertical line

Question 18

where does the fibula attach distally?

what type of joint is this?

Answer 18

at the fibular notch

forms a syndesmosis

Question 19

shape of articular facet on tibia for the talus?

Answer 19

comma shaped

Question 20

from the lateral view, which COLLICULUS extends further distally?

Answer 20

the anterior colliculus

Question 21

name the grooves, from medially –> laterally

on the posterior view of the tibia

Answer 21

• medial malleolus
• groove for TIBIALIS POSTERIOR
• groove for FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS
• fibular notch

Question 22

name the inferior surface of the tibia, which articulates w/ dome of the talus

Answer 22

the PLAFOND

Question 23

of the plafond, which surface is longer?

(anterior/posterior)

Answer 23

Anterior is longer than posterior

Question 24

CC: Trimalleolar fx includes…

Answer 24

Posterior malleolus (can incl part of plafond), medial malleolus, and malleolus of talus

Question 25

significance of colliculi of tibia?

Answer 25

• Important attachment sites for ligaments/muscles, like deltoid ligaments of the ankle

Question 26

where is apex of fibula located, relative to tibia?

Answer 26

approx 2 cm inferior; lateral and posterior, on the tibial condyle

Question 27

how to side a fibula?

Answer 27

take distal end; facet is inverted triangle, & malleolar fossa is where you place the thumb. You have the correct side if the thumb is in fossa and does NOT cross over the facet

Question 28

identify bone: name the key landmarks.

Answer 28

fiibula: apex, head, neck, and medial flat portion to articulate w/ tibia

Question 29

name key landmark on distal fibula

Answer 29

lateral malleolus

Question 30

which muscles/ligs attach at: ## Footnote **head of fibula**

Answer 30

* biceps femoris muscle * lateral (fibular) collateral ligament

Question 31

cc: clinical significance of neck of fibula

Answer 31

neck is weak area and is susceptible to fx

Question 32

which nerve "Swoops" around the neck/superior aspect of fibula?

Answer 32

common fibular nerve

Question 33

what are the 3 subcutaneous areas of the fibula?

Answer 33

1. head of fibula 2. triangular area immediately above lateral malleolus 3. lateral malleolus

Question 34

identify/name the borders

Answer 34

1. top left: **anterior** 2. top right: **interosseus CREST** 3. bottomr right: **medial** 4. bottom left**: posterior**

Question 35

identify/name the surfaces

Answer 35

1. top: **anterior/medial surface** 2. right: **posterior medial surface** 3. bottom: **posterior lateral surface** 4. left: **lateral surface**

Question 36

name the compartments

Answer 36

1. anterior 2. posterior 3. lateral

Question 37

identify the bones; name the compartments

Answer 37

right and larger is TIBIA; left and smaller is FIBULA 1. ANTERIOR 2. N/A 3. POSTERIOR 4. LATERAL

Question 38

**COMPARTMENT 1**: identify * muscle category? * action? * pre or postaxial? * anterior or posterior division?

Answer 38

* anterior compartment; * **dorsiflexors/extensors** * post-axial * posterior division

Question 39

**COMPARTMENT 2:** identify muscle category? action? pre or postaxial? anterior or posterior division of ventral rami?

Answer 39

* lateral compartment * evertors/plantar flexors * post-axial * posterior division

Question 40

**COMPARTMENT 3**: identify * muscle category? * action? * pre or postaxial? * anterior or posterior division of ventral rami?

Answer 40

* posterior compartment * flexors/plantar flexors * preaxial * anterior division

Question 41

name the 4 landmarks on the distal fibula

Answer 41

* purple: attachment of **interosseus tibiofibular ligament** * green: **triangular articular facet for talus** * blue: **apex of lateral malleolus** * yellow: **lateral malleolar fossa**

Question 42

what is found behind the lateral malleolar fossa?

Answer 42

malleolar crest a combined tendon of the **fibularis longus and fibularis brevis** runs behind the lateral malleolus

Question 43

**gluteus maximus and tensor fasciae latae via iliotibial tract:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 43

1. gluteal region 2. tubercle of IT band/Gerdy's tubercle

Question 44

**quadriceps femoris:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 44

1. anterior comparmtent of thigh 2. tibial tuberosity

Question 45

**sartorius:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 45

1. anterior compartment of thigh 2. superior part of medial surface of tibia (pes anserinus)

Question 46

**gracilis:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 46

1. medial comparetment of thigh 2. superiror part of medial surface of tibia (pes anserinus)

Question 47

**semitendinosus:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 47

1. posterior compartment of thigh 2. superior part of medial surface of tibia (pes anserinus)

Question 48

**semimembranosus:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 48

1. posterior compartment of thigh 2. posterior part of medial condyle of tibia

Question 49

**biceps femoris:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 49

1. posterior compartment of thigh 2. lateral side of head of fibula

Question 50

**tibialis anterior** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 50

1. anterior compartment of leg 2. lateral condyle and superior half of lateral surface of tibia & interosseus membrane

Question 51

**extensor digitorum longus:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 51

1. anterior compartment of leg 2. lateral condyle of tibia, and superior 3/4 of medial surface of fibula and interosseus membrane

Question 52

**extensor hallucis longus:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 52

1. anterior compartment of leg 2. middle part of medial surface of fibula & interosseus membrane

Question 53

**fibularis tertius:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 53

1. anterior compartment of leg 2. inferior 1/3 of medial surface of fibula and interosseus membrane

Question 54

**fibularis longus:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 54

1. lateral compartment of leg 2. head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

Question 55

**fibularis brevis:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 55

1. lateral compartment 2. inferior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

Question 56

**soleus:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 56

1. SUPERFICIAL posterior compartment of leg 2. multiple attachments * posterior aspect of head & superior 1/4 of posterior surface of fibula * soleal line & middle 1/3 of medial border of tibia * tendinous arch extending between bone attachments

Question 57

**popliteus:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list distal attachment/insertion

Answer 57

1. DEEP posterior compartment of leg 2. posterior surface of tibia; superior to soleal line

Question 58

**flexor hallucis longus:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list PROXIMAL attachment/insertion

Answer 58

1. DEEP posterior compartment of leg 2. inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula; inferior part of interosseus membrane

Question 59

**tibialis posterior:** 1. name region/compartment 2. list PROXIMAL attachment/insertion

Answer 59

1. deep posterior compartment of leg 2. interosseus membrane; posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; posterior surface of fibula