4.1: Cell Communication Flashcards

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1
Q

Identify a message communicated by direct cell-to-cell contact. What occurs during this process?

A

The cell sends a signal either through the Plasmodesmata in plant cells, and gap junctions in animal cells. For example, the B-cells in the immune system attaches to an antigen on an infected cell.

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2
Q

Identify a message communicated by chemical signaling. What occurs during this process?

A

The target cell is able to send a signal to the receiving cell. It can be either long distance (to a different type of cell or short distance (to a cell of the same type). For example, neurotransmitters can travel across the gap junction and attach to the target cell.

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3
Q

How do cells communicate over a short distance? Identify two examples.

A

The cell sends out local regulators (signals) that are received by a cell of similar type not too far away.

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4
Q

How do cells communicate over long distances? Identify one example.

A

The cell sends out a signal that travels further to a different area with cells that are a different type.

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5
Q

What is the process that results in the release of chemical signal from a cell? Where are the chemical signals synthesized? Where are the chemical signals processed?

A

Signal reception- the chemical signal is detected and binds to a receptor protein.
Signal Transduction- the signal activates a series of different molecules
Cellular response- action occurs

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6
Q

What occurs during reception?

A

The chemical signal is detected and binds to a receptor protein.

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7
Q

Where is the receptor for a steroid hormone?

A

Inside of the cell since the steroid is able to pass through the cell membrane as it is non polar.

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8
Q

Where is the receptor for a protein hormone?

A

Outside of the cell as it is not able to pass through the cell membrane.

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9
Q

True or False: Only specific cells will respond to specific chemical signals because they have a receptor for the chemical signal.

A

True: each cell has receptors for specific signals

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