Membrane Transport 2.6 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is passive transport?

A

The net movement of molecules from a high to low concentration without metabolic energy (ATP)

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2
Q

Identify two examples of passive transport.

A

Diffusion-movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration across a membrane (small nonpolar molec)
Facilitated Diffusion-mvmt molec high concen to low concen through transport proteins (small polar/hydrophobic ions)

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3
Q

What is active transport?

A

Requires direct input of energy (ATP) to move molecules against the concentration gradient.

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4
Q

Identify three examples of active transport.

A

a pump, exocytosis, or endocytosis

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5
Q

What is required for active transport?

A

ATP

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6
Q

What is a concentration gradient?

A

When a solute is more concentrated in one area than another

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7
Q

What causes a concentration gradient?

A

A membrane separates the two concentrations, only allowing certain molecules in or out of the cell.

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8
Q

What is endocytosis?

A

The cell forms vesicles using ATP to transport large molecules into the cell.

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9
Q

Describe the three types of endocytosis.

A

phagocytosis-cell takes in large particles
pinocytosis-cell takes in extracellular fluid containing dissolved substances
receptor mediated-receptor proteins are used to capture specific target molecules in vesicles

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10
Q

Identify an example of a material that would require endocytosis.

A

proteins or lipids or other large molecules

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11
Q

How are the food materials brought in by endocytosis digested?

A

Lysosomes attach to the vacuole and release the nutrients, carrying the waste to the plasma membrane for exocytosis to occur.

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12
Q

What is exocytosis?

A

Internal vesicles use ATP to fuse with the plasma membrane and secrete large macromolecules out of the cell.

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13
Q

Identify an example of a material that would require exocytosis.

A

signaling proteins, hormones, and waste.

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