Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

LAS > Tendonitis > Flashcards

Tendonitis Flashcards

1
Q

Toe region

A

area on a tendon stress graph where a tendon’s crimp pattern absorbs 1-3% of strain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

when are SDFT and SL most prone to injury

A

landing phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

treatment options for tendonitis (9)

A

MUST include rest + controlled exercise/rehab (while monitoring with serial US)

  • cold hydrotherapy > ice packs (do for 20 mins)
  • compression and coaptation to decrease edema and inflammation (severe may need splint/cast)
  • phenylbutazone
  • intralesional injections under US guidance (PRP, stem cells)
  • shock wave therapy (to increase vascularization and GF -> more organized scar tissue and decreased recovery times; great at decreasing pain)
  • US laser therapy
  • surgery
    • suturing tendon post percutaneous injury
    • annular ligament desmotomy if edema building up
    • superior check desmotomy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

where to harvest stem cells from horse BM

A

tuber coxae or sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

stress on tendon at a walk

A

3-8%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

tendon units from inside out

A
  • collagen fibers
  • fibril
  • fascicule (surrounded by endotenon, which supplies blood, nerves, GFs, and elasticity)
  • tendon (surround by epitenon)

paratenon surrounds tendons that are NOT in a sheath (decreases friction, supplies blood and repair elements)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what causes tears in synovial cavity and where are they most common?

A

cause unknown

most common in DDFT of forelimb and Flexor Manica of hindlimb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how can you measure tendonitis using US?

A
  • Using US zones for metacarpal and pastern regions

- use measuring tape to measure distance between accessory carpal bone/calcaneous and transducer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when is the DDFT most prone to injury?

A

during push off phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

surgical options to treat tendonitis

A
  • suturing tendon post percutaneous injury
  • annular ligament desmotomy (if edema building up within tendon sheath)
  • superior check desmotomy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

gold standard diagnostic for tendonitis

A

US ***do it 1 week AFTET injury because takes time to declare itself due to inflammatory cytokines

use 7.5-12 MHz transducer
always take both linear and transverse views
ALWAYS do both limbs (often bilateral if overuse injury)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

_____ and _____ are most prone to injury during landing phase

A

SDFT and SL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

There are US zones for which regions when measuring tendonitis?

A

metacarpal and pastern regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

which is better for tendonitis: cold hydrotherapy or ice packs?

A

cold hydrotherapy (no longer than 20 mins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

predisposing factors to tendonitis (6)

A
  • poor/deep ground
  • inadequate training
  • muscle fatigue
  • poor conformation: long sloping pasterns
  • poor hoof care (long toes; underrun heels)
  • improper bandaging/boots
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

signs you might see with tendonitis (3)

A
  • bowing of tendons
  • < change in limb in severe cases
  • severe lameness initially (but lameness will rapidly resolve once inflammatory phase has passed (1-2 weeks post injury)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

_____ can restrict swelling if tendonitis occurs beneath it

A

annular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

tendons have a _____ pattern to impart elasticity

A

crimp/wave (decreases with age)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

NSAID used for tendonitis

A

phenylbutazone

20
Q

stress on tendon at a gallop

A

12-16%

21
Q

intralesional injection options for tendonitis

A
  • PRP: growth factors + scaffold for mesenchymal stem cells

- stem cells (decrease fibrosis and inflammation): autologous (bone marrow > adipose) vs. allogenic

22
Q

Insertion of SDF

A

divides at P1 and then inserts on P2

23
Q

US is the gold standard diagnostic tool for tendonitis. what must you always remember? (3)

A
  • image 1 week AFTER injury (takes time to declare itself due to inflammatory cytokines)
  • ALWAYS take both linear and transverse views
  • ALWAYS do both limbs (often bilateral if overuse injury)
24
Q

endotenon

A

surrounds tendon fascicules and supplies blood, nerves, GFs, and elasticity

25
Q

signs of chronic tendonitis on US

A
  • variable enlargement
  • MIXED echogenicity
  • fibrosis/irregular striations
26
Q

paratenon

A

surrounds tendons that are NOT in a sheath (decreases friction, supplies blood and repair elements)

27
Q

options of stem cells to treat tendonitis

A

autologous: bone marrow better but takes 3 weeks to get back; adipose only takes 90 mins-48 hours (sites for BM include sternum or tuber coxae)

allogenic

28
Q

what do the extensor branches of the suspensory ligament join with?

A

common digital extensor; they branch away at the level of the fetlock/proximal sesamoids (where the suspensory ligament attaches)

29
Q

stress on tendon at a trot

A

7-10%

30
Q

epitenon

A

surrounds tendon and is contiguous with endotenon

31
Q

tendon repair capabilities

A

limited

type 1 -> type 3 (aka it scars over)

tendons in a sheath heal WORSE

32
Q

PE components when evaluating for tendonitis

A
  • look for bowing of tendons
  • look for signs of inflammation
  • may present with severe lameness initially but will rapidly resolve once inflammatory phase has passed (1-2 weeks post injury)
  • look for < change in limb in severe cases
  • lameness exam (always palpate both when weight bearing and not) +/- nerve block
33
Q

origin and insertion of suspensory ligament

A

origin: proximal MC/MTIII (reminder: this area is blocked by lateral palmar nerve block)
insertion: proximal sesamoids; has extensor branches that join with common digital extensor

34
Q

what surrounds tendon fascicules

A

endotenon (supplies blood, nerves, GFs, and elasticity)

35
Q

level of stress needed to rupture a tendon

A

12-20%

36
Q

most important component of tendonitis treatment

A

rest + controlled exercise (with serial US)

37
Q

what imaging tools can be used for tendonitis?

A
  • US (G.S.)
  • MRI
  • nuclear scintigraphy (for when you can’t isolate lameness or find lesion)
38
Q

goals of treatment for tendonitis (4)

A
  • decrease inflammation
  • decrease risk of reinjury
  • speed up healing
  • increase tensile strength
39
Q

insertion of DDF

A

dives between SDF (which divides at P1) and inserts on P3

40
Q

Appearance of acute tendonitis on US

A
  • enlarged but not thickened
  • hypoechogenicity
  • reduced striations
  • shape, margin, or position changes
41
Q

what surrounds tendon

A

epitenon (and paratenon if NOT in a sheath)

42
Q

which area of a tendon heals worst?

A

areas in a sheath

43
Q

causes of tendonitis

A
  • most commonly repetitive microtrauma (molecular inflammation progressively weakens tendon)
  • percutaneous (palmar/plantar more severe)
  • acute injury
  • EDx of tears in synovial cavity unknown
44
Q

______ join to form a tendon

A

collagen fibers

45
Q

true or false: never treat tendonitis with blistering, counter irritation, or pin firing

A

true

46
Q

shock wave therapy for treatment of tendonitis

A

increases vascularization + GFs -> more organized scar tissue + decreased recovery time

also GREAT at decreasing pain (beware risk of reinjury!!)

47
Q

this is GREAT at decreasing pain from tendonitis (beware reinjury!!)

A

shock wave therapy

LAS (51 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions