Chapter 12- Basics of chemistry

Question 1

Inorganic chemistry is the study of substances that do not contain the element carbon, but may contain which element?

a. silicon
b. oxygen
c. hydrogen
d. nitrogen

Answer 1

hydrogen

Question 2

a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances without a loss of identity is _________.

a. a compound
b. an ion
c. a molecule
d. an element

Answer 2

an element

Question 3

chemically combining two or more atoms in definite proportion forms __________

a. an acid
b. a molecule
c. a imxture
d. a solvent

Answer 3

a molecule

Question 4

a(n) _________ is a stable physical mixture of two or more substances in a solvent.

a. solution
b. emulsion
c. compound
d. element

Answer 4

solution

Question 5

a(n) __________ is a substance dissolved into a solution

a. solvent
b. alkali
c. solute
d. acid

Answer 5

solute

Question 6

Liquids that are not capable of being mixed together to form stable solutions are considered _________.

a. emulsions
b. suspensions
c. miscible
d. immiscible

Answer 6

immiscible

Question 7

Unstable physical mixtures of undissolved particles in a liquid are _________.

a. suspensions
b. mixtures
c. solutes
d. emulsions

Answer 7

suspensions

Question 8

an unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances plus a special ingredient is _________.

a. a suspension
b. an emulsion
c. a mixture
d. solution

Answer 8

an emulsion

Question 9

a substance that allows oil and water to mix or emulsify is ________.

a. a reducing agent
b. a surfactant
c. an anion
d. a cation

Answer 9

a surfactant

Question 10

The tail of a surfactant molecule is oil-loving or ___________.

a. miscible
b. immiscible
c. lipophillic
d. hydrophillic

Answer 10

lipophillic

Question 11

an atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge is called an __________.

a. alkaline
b. acid
c. atom
d. ion

Answer 11

ion

Question 12

alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) are derived from _______ and used in the salon to exfoliate the skin and to help adjust the pH of certain products

a. plants
b. chemicals
c. minerals
d. food sources

Answer 12

plants

Question 13

Chemical reactions that release a significant amount of heat under certain circumstances are _____________.

a. endothermic
b. exothermic
c. negative
d. positive

Answer 13

exothermic

Question 14

a substance that has a pH below 7.0 is considered to be ____________.

a. combustible
b. neutral
c. acidic
d. alkaline

Answer 14

acidic

Question 15

alkanolamines are often used in place of ammonia because they __________.

a. produce less color
b. are less expensive
c. have a better texture
d. are more effective

Answer 15

produce less oder

Question 16

Which of these is not composed of organic chemicals?

a. pesticides
b. shampoos
c. synthetic fabrics
d. minerals

Answer 16

minerals

Question 17

Elements molecules contain two or more ___________ of the small element in definite proportions.

a.atoms
b. ions
c. cations
d . sillcones

Answer 17

atoms

Question 18

vapor is ___________ that has evaporated into a gas-like state.

a. an element
b. a solid
c. a liquid
d. a chemical

Answer 18

a liquid

Question 19

an oxidizing agent is a substance that releases ____________.

a. hydrogen
b. nitrogen
c. oxygen
d. carbon

Answer 19

oxygen

Question 20

a pure substance is a chemical combination of matter in ______ proportions.

a. unequal
b. fixed
c. liquid
d. vaporized

Answer 20

fixed

Question 21

the glitter in nail polish that can separate from the polish is an example of _________.

a. an emulsion
b. a mixture
c. a solution
d. a suspension

Answer 21

a suspension

Question 22

water-in-oil emulsions feel _________ than oil-than-water emulsion

a. greasier
b. hotter
c. wetter
d. colder

Answer 22

greasier

Question 23

The ingredient used to raise the pH in hair products to allow the solution to penetrate the hair shaft is ___________.

a. an amino acid
b. ammonia
c. an alkaline solution
d. alpha hydroxy acid

Answer 23

ammonia

Question 24

Volatile organic compounds contain __________ and evaporate very easily

a. carbon
b. hydrogen
c. oxygen
d. nitrogen

Answer 24

carbon

Question 25

The chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide is __________.

a. combustion
b. oxidation
c. ionization
d. reduction

Answer 25

oxidation

Question 26

The term logarithm means multiples of _________.

a. 5
b. 10
c. 100
d. 1,000

Answer 26

10

Question 27

a chemical reaction in which oxidation and reduction take place at the same time is ___________

a. redox
b. oxidization
c. ionization
d. combustion

Answer 27

redox

Question 28

any substance that occupies space and has mass is __________.

a. an atom
b. an element
c. matter
d. a reaction

Answer 28

matter

Question 29

Characteristics that can only be determined by a chemical reaction and a chemical change in the substance are _________.

a. chemical properties
b. elemental properties
c. molecular properties
d. physical properties

Answer 29

chemical properties

Question 30

a chemical combination of matter in definite proportions is a(n) ____________.

a. atomic substance
b. combined substance
c. miscible substance
d. pure substance

Answer 30

pure substance

Question 31

a physical combination of matter in any proportion is a ____________.

a. chemical mixture
b. combined mixture
c. physical mixture
d. pure substance

Answer 31

physical mixture

Question 32

the ___________ is the smallest chemical component of an element.

a. anion
b. atom
c. cation
d. molecule

Answer 32

atom

Question 33

rapid oxidation of a substance accompanied by the production of heat and light is ____________

a. reduction
b. emulsification
c. ionization
d. combustion

Answer 33

combustion

Question 34

characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not involve a chemical change in the substance are __________.

a. chemical properties
b. elemental properties
c. molecular properties
d. physical properties

Answer 34

physical properties