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Exotic and Laboratory Animals > Hedgehogs > Flashcards

Hedgehogs Flashcards

1
Q

What is the common name for Atelerix albiventris?

A

African hedgehog

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2
Q

What else is the African hedgehog known as?

A

White-bellied
Four-toed
African pygmy hedgehog

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3
Q

What is the average lifespan of a hedgehog?

A

4-6 years

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4
Q

What is the length of gestation for a hedgehog?

A

34-37 days

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5
Q

What is the average litter size for a hedgehog?

A

3-4

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6
Q

What is the average weaning age in a hedgehog?

A

5-6 weeks

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7
Q

Brachydont

A

Closed-rooted teeth

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8
Q

What are the young called?

A

Hoglets

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9
Q

Snorting/huffing

A

Aggressive or warning sounds produced by sharp vibrating exhalation through the nostrils

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10
Q

Generally, when are snorting or huffing noises made?

A

When the animals is disturbed
When it encounters another animal
When it is in the process of rolling up

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11
Q

Screaming

A

A severe distress call given when the animal is in distress or pain

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12
Q

Twittering/whistling

A

High-pitched sound of neonates

Whistling stimulates contact by the dam

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13
Q

Clucking

A

High-pitched contact call of the dam to neonates

Also made by courting males

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14
Q

Snuffing

A

Made as hedgehogs search for food

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15
Q

Inaudible sounds

A

Hedgehogs can make and hear sounds in the 40 to 90-kHz range above the range of human hearing

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16
Q

What is the ideal temperature to keep hedgehogs at?

A

75-80 degrees F

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17
Q

What is the ideal humidity to keep hedgehogs at?

A

40%

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18
Q

When do hedgehogs need to be hospitalized?

A

When they have been exposed to a temperature 80 to 85 F

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19
Q

What do hedgehogs eat?

A

Insects
Commercially available hedgehog diet
Mixed veggies, fruit

20
Q

How do you restrain a hedgehog>

A

Grasp the scruff before rolling into a ball

21
Q

How do you coax a hedgehog to unroll

A

By holding facedown over the table

22
Q

Where are SQ injections given?

A

In the haired skin on the ventrum or legs

23
Q

What happens to injections if they are given over the spiny area?

A

They are absorbed slowly

24
Q

Where are IM injections given?

A

Triceps
Quadriceps
Gluteals

25
Q

Where are IV injections given?

A

Cephalic
Femoral
Lateral

26
Q

What are not advised due to grooming habits?

A

Topicals

27
Q

What is sedation required before?

A

Blood collection
Diagnostic imaging
Physical exam

28
Q

How long do you fast a hedgehog?

A

4-6 hours

29
Q

What is contraindicated in hedgehogs?

A

Atropine

Causes thick mucus

30
Q

What bacterial diseases are hedgehogs susceptiable for?

A

Bordetella bronchiseptica
Pasteurella multocida
Corynebacterium

31
Q

What are the clinical signs of bacterial diseases?

A

Rhinitis
Pneumonia
Dyspnea
Lethargy

32
Q

What can occur if hedgehogs get a bacterial disease?

A

Sudden death

33
Q

What are dental diseases characterized by?

A

Calculus
Gingivitis
Periodontal disease

34
Q

What causes enteritis, and has zoonotic potential?

A

Salmonella

35
Q

What viral infections are hedgehogs susceptible to?

A

Foot and mouth disease
Herpes simplex virus type 1
Rabies

36
Q

What do mycotic infections cause?

A

Pruritic dermatitis on face and quill

37
Q

What ectoparasites do hedgehogs get?

A

Chorioptes spp
Caparinia spp
Notoedres spp
Otodectes cynotis

38
Q

What are the clinical signs of Chorioptes spp and Caparinia spp?

A

Hyperkeratosis
Seborrhea
Quill loss
White or Brownish crusts at the base of the quills and around the eyes

39
Q

What are the clinical signs Notoedres spp?

A

Crusting lesions around the head and ears

40
Q

What do captive hedgehogs have a tendency to become?

A

Obese

41
Q

What can rapid weight loss lead to?

A

Hepatic lipidosis

42
Q

What kind of diet causes calcium deficiency?

A

Mostly insect diet

43
Q

What are the signs of neoplasia in hedgehogs?

A 
Weight loss
Anorexia 
Lethargy
Diarrhea
Dyspnea
Ascites 
Neurologic signs
44
Q

What cardiovascular disease do hedgehogs get?

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

45
Q

What are the signs of dilated cardiomyopathy?

A 
Dyspnea
Lethargy
Weight loss
Heart murmur
Ascites
Acute death
46
Q

What urinary diseases can hedgehogs get?

A

Cystitis
Urolithiasis
Renal diseases

47
Q

What ocular injuries can hedgehogs get?

A

Ocular proptosis
Corneal injuries
Shallow orbit

Exotic and Laboratory Animals (22 decks)

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