Amphibians and Fish

Question 1

Anurans (Salentia)

Answer 1

Largest group
American toad
Xenopus (Aquatic frogs, tongueless)
Leopard frog

Question 2

Urodela (Caudata)

Answer 2

Newts and salamanders
Axolotls
Sirens

Question 3

Apoda (Gymnophiona)

Answer 3

Legless amphibians

Koh Tao Island caecilian

Question 4

Most commonly used in biomedical research

Answer 4

African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
Mudpuppies (Necturus)
Leopard, meadow or grass frogs (Rana pipiens)
Salamanders (Ambystoma)

Question 5

Amphibians in clinics

Answer 5

Dwarf clawed frogs
Ornate horned frogs
Frogs
Toads
Poison dart frogs
Tree frogs

Question 6

Fish in biomedical research

Answer 6

Zebrafish
Trout
Salmon
Catfish

Question 7

Fish in homes

Answer 7

Goldfish

Koi

Question 8

What organisms do fish and amphibians have that are associated with human disease?

Answer 8

Aeromonas hydrophila (atypical)
Mycobacteria
Campylobacter species
Pseudomonas species
Salmonella species
Vibrio species

Question 9

Amphibians are used as Animal models for what?

Answer 9

Embryology
Pharmacology
Skin permeability
Limb regeneration
Agriculture waste

Question 10

Fish are used as Animal Models for what?

Answer 10

Aquaculture
Fish health
Husbandry
Aging
Vision
Locomotion in cells
Leukemia

Question 11

Aglomerular toadfish are used in what studies?

Answer 11

Renal tubular secretion

Question 12

Artic species of fish are used in what studies?

Answer 12

Antifreeze-like molecules

Question 13

Muscles of the electrical eel and cooper accumulation in white perch are used in what studies?

Answer 13

Electrical activity

Question 14

Indian catfish venom and antineoplastic agents in shark tissue are used in what studies?

Answer 14

Pharmacological active compounds

Question 15

Carp and monkfish are used in what studies?

Answer 15

Type 1 diabetes

Question 16

Rainbow trout are used in what studies?

Answer 16

Hepatocellular carcinom

Question 17

Japanese puffer fish are used in what studies?

Answer 17

Muscular dystrophy

Question 18

Swordtail and platyfish hybrids are used in what studies?

Answer 18

Malignant melanoma

Question 19

What species of fish are commonly used in research?

Answer 19

Zebrafish

Question 20

What studies are zebrafish used in?

Answer 20

Neuroscience
Carcinogenicity
Mutagenesis
Toxicology
Genetics
Hemophilia

Question 21

The nearly transparent embryo of the Zebrafish allows for what?

Answer 21

Observation of development

Question 22

What are the common characteristics of Amphibian skin?

Answer 22

Highly glandular
Permeable
Two types of skin glands

Question 23

What are the two types of amphibian skin glands?

Answer 23

Mucous

Granular

Question 24

The mucous skin gland does what?

Answer 24

Keeps the skin moist to allow for respiration through the skin
Prevents desiccation

Question 25

What does the granular skin gland do?

Answer 25

Secrete toxins

Defense

Question 26

Where does gas exchange occur in amphibians

Answer 26

At the alveoli and through the skin

Question 27

Compare the heart in amphibians and fish

Answer 27

Amphibians have a three-chambered heart

Fish have a two-chambered heart

Question 28

Where does gas exchange occur in fish?

Answer 28

In the small vessels of the gills

Question 29

What water temperature is suitable for most species of fish?

Answer 29

76-78 degrees F

Question 30

What is acceptable water temperatures for goldfish and other coldwater species?

Answer 30

65 to 68 degrees F

Question 31

Adult amphibians are what?

Answer 31

Carnivorous or insectivores

Question 32

Tadpoles are what?

Answer 32

Herbivores

Question 33

Why should you always wear gloves or wet hands when handling amphibians?

Answer 33

To avoid damaging the skin and mucus coating

Question 34

Why do need to handle salamanders gently?

Answer 34

So you do not damage to the exposed gill fronds

Question 35

Where do you give fish IM injections?

Answer 35

Epaxial muscles

Intraperitoneal injections

Question 36

Where do you get blood on a fish?

Answer 36

Caudal tail vein