Ch 52 Ecology / Biomes

Question 1

Ecology components

Answer 1

• Distribution and abundance of organisms
• Abiotic and biotic factors
• Interactions along a hierarchy of scales

Question 2

Ecology is a ____ not ____

Answer 2

Science; advocacy

Question 3

Tropical forest organisms - name 2

Answer 3

• Epiphytes

- Lianas

Question 4

Epiphytes

Answer 4

a plant that grows on another plant but is not parasitic, such as the numerous ferns, bromeliads, air plants, and orchids growing on tree trunks in tropical rainforests.

Question 5

Lianas

Answer 5

plants with long, flexible, climbing stems that are rooted in the ground, and usually have long dangling branches (vines)

Question 6

Desert defined by…

Answer 6

Precipitation not temperature

Question 7

Desert organisms have:

Answer 7

• Small waxy leaves

- storage organs

Question 8

Savanna characteristics - 3 things

Answer 8

Grassland with scattered trees
Occurs in equatorial and subequatorial regions
Warm year-round

Question 9

Chaparral characteristics - 4 things

Answer 9

Midlatitude coastal regions
Rainy winters, dry summers
Dominated by shrubs and small trees
Fire adaptations

Question 10

Temperate grasslands characteristics - 3 things

Answer 10

Plains and prairies in North America
Dry winters, wet summers
Large grazers

Question 11

Temperate broadleaf forests characteristics - 4 things

Answer 11

Midlatitudes in the Northern Hemisphere
Significant precip in all seasons
Deciduous trees
Hibernation + migration in the winter

Question 12

Coniferous forests characteristics - 3 things

Answer 12

Largest terrestrial biome
Periodic droughts
Cone-bearing trees

Question 13

Tundra characteristics - 2 things

Answer 13

Occurs at high latitude & mountaintops

Permafrost (frozen moisture in the soil)

Question 14

Biome type dictated by

Answer 14

Climate (Temp + light + precip)

Question 15

Highest amount of evaporation located

Answer 15

Near equator

Question 16

Hierarchy of ecologies (smallest to largest)

Answer 16

Organism
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Landscape
Global

Question 17

Tropical forests are located…

Answer 17

In between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn

Question 18

Sunlight strikes the _____ most directly

Answer 18

Tropics (23.5 north & south)

Question 19

4 factors of climate

Answer 19

Temperature
Precipitation
Sunlight
Wind

Question 20

2 causes of seasonal cycles

Answer 20

Earth’s tilted axis of rotation and its annual passage around the sun

Question 21

Ocean currents influence climate along the coasts of continents by…

Answer 21

heating or cooling overlying air masses that pass

across the land

Question 22

Why do oceans and large lakes tend to moderate the climate of nearby land?

Answer 22

Water’s high specific heat

Question 23

Mountains influence 2 things

Answer 23

Air flow over land

Amount of sunlight that reaches area

Question 24

every 1,000-m increase in elevation produces an

average temperature drop of

Answer 24

6 degrees Celsius

Question 25

climograph

Answer 25

a plot of annual mean temp and precip in a region

Question 26

ecotone

Answer 26

a transitional area of vegetation between two different plant communities

Question 27

canopy

Answer 27

the aboveground portion of a plant cropping or crop, formed by the collection of individual plant crowns

Question 28

Tropical rainforest characteristics - 4 things

Answer 28

High temp
Constant rainfall
Home to millions of species
Competition for light (closed canopy)

Question 29

Desert characteristics - 4 things

Answer 29

30 degrees N and S
Temp variable
Precip low
Water conservation adaptations

Question 30

Descending dry air _____ moisture

Answer 30

Absorbs

Question 31

Ascending moist air _____ moisture

Answer 31

Releases